scholarly journals CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PAEDIATRIC MEASLES PATIENTS AT MOJOWARNO CHRISTIAN HOSPITAL, JOMBANG, IN 2015-2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Yuda Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
Christian Hospital ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Background: Measles is one of the main causes of child mortality. In 2016 there were 6,890 cases of measles with 4 patients died in Indonesia. There were 122 cases in Jombang, East Java in 2009. Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics of measles in children patients at Mojowarno Christian Hospital, Jombang, East Java. Methods: A cross sectional study using secondary data from medical records at Mojowarno Christian Hospital, Jombang, East Java, in 2015-2015. Demographic and clinical characteristics were described using tables. Results: There are 22 cases of measles in children, 3 of them had not taken measles vaccination. Most cases occurred in between 0 to 5 years old (59.1%). The proportion of measles were equal between male and female. There is a higher proportion of patients with normal nutrition status (59.1%) compared to other with malnutrition (40.9%). The most common symptoms and signs are fever (95.5%), cough (23.7%), and coryza (22.3%). The leukocyte examination mostly shows normal results for leukocyte (63.6%) and lymphocyte (50%). Conclusion: Most of the cases were presented with milder symptoms, signs and laboratory examination. There is a high prevalence of undernutrition among the subjects, which need further attention from local governments. In addition, there is a concerning high proportion of vaccinated children contracting the disease.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DETERMINAN POSITIVE DEVIANCE STATUS GIZI BALITA DI WILAYAH MISKIN DENGAN PREVALENSI KURANG GIZI RENDAH DAN TINGGI

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Sakri Sab'atmaja ◽  
Ali Khomsan ◽  
Ikeu Tanziha
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Deviance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The Poor ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis

The aim this study was to analyze the determinant of positive deviance nutritional status of under five year old children in poor areas with low and high prevalence of undernutrition. Cross sectional study was conducted in the study using secondary data analysis taken from Basic Health Research 2007 in four provinces with determination samples criterias of high poverty levels according BPS 2009 (>14.15%) and low and high prevalence of undernutrition (+18.4%) which were analyzed through quadrants. The number of samples was 3.494 under five year old children from poor families. The significancy relations among variables were measured using Pearson's correlation and path analysis to analyze the determinants. The results, the determinant of positive deviance were income through mother's characteristics, health upbringing, and health status, the four provinces had the same determinants pathway (β=0.0451), with mother's characteristics (p<0.05) and health upbringing (p<0.05) as the significants variables. The conclusion was that mother with better characteristics in families who were able to manage income better, tended to practice better health upbringing which increase children's nutritional status. These factors determine the poor families living in the poor areas could have well nourished under five year old children rather than other families in the same economic condition. Key words: positive deviance, undernutrition, nutritional status.

scholarly journals Local community’s perception on the existing home stay program in Terai and Hilly districts of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Tul Bahadur Saud ◽  
S. L. Menariya
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Central State ◽  
Cross Sectional

Homestay tourism program is a new part of tourism sector which involved local community in tourism development within their own and surrounding area. It is also lately emerging tourism concept in the world. Nepal is known as an important tourist’s destination and can be a model homestay country with its abundant natural resources, multi culture, multi religion, multi ethnic, tradition life style, archeological heritage, innocent society and community. Due to all these above factors homestay tourism program became the dream for the lover of nature and experts of tourism in Nepal. Homestay program can be easily established, Promoted and developed by minimum investment and based on many aspects such as good service, safety, security, souvenir, family and attractions. It is a major tourism industry for the development of rural economy by generating huge number of employment and social benefits. The major objective of the study is the perception of community towards homestay tourism program. Descriptive and exploratory research design, cross-sectional study design and deductive approach with mixed method have been used in this study. Both primary and secondary data are used simultaneously. Primary data are collected from 348 respondents with three categories of nine study Districts. Similarly, secondary data are collected from various publications of central, state, local Governments, different articles in international journals, books, credible magazines, newspaper, reports prepared by research scholars, experts and universities and different websites etc. Finally, majority of community people have a positive perception towards on existing homestay program in Nepal.

scholarly journals ANALYZING THE PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF TYPHOID FEVER, MALARIA AND THEIR COINFECTIONS IN FEBRILE SUBJECTS OF URBAN INDIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Alok Kumar ◽  
Rashmi Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Urban Indian ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Very High

Background: Typhoid fever and malaria remain major public health threats in developing countries and tropical regions. In endemic regions, people are at a very high risk of developing both the disease at the same time with significant overlapping of associated symptoms and signs Aims: The present cross-sectional clinical trial was undertaken to assess the prevalence, typhoid fever, malaria, and their coinfections in urban Indian subjects with fever.               Materials and Methods: In 180 subjects, demographic data and clinical features of all the study subjects were recorded. For assessing typhoid fever, a slide agglutination test was done using H (flagellar) and O (somatic) antigen kits for S.typhi. The collected data were subjected to statistical evaluation for results formulation. Results: Total positive malaria cases were 37.22% (n=67). Among 67 positive cases, 43.28% (n=29) were seen to have P.vivax, 40.29% (n=27) had P. Falciparum and mixed infection were seen in 16.41% (n=11) subjects. Typhoid and malaria coinfection was seen in 6.66% (n=12) of study subjects. On correlating typhoid fever, malaria, and coinfections with demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics in the study subjects, it was seen that the age groups of 2 years to 10 years were associated with malaria, and the association was statistically significant with p=0.03. Conclusion: Within its limitations, the present study concludes that the coinfections are common owing to the high prevalence and overlapping symptoms of malaria and typhoid fever. Poor hand washing habits are associated with typhoid fever significantly.  Keywords: Coinfections, Malaria, P. Falciparum, S. typhi, Typhoid fever

scholarly journals Prevalence of syphilis, HIV and toxoplasmosis in prenatal screening in the population of the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmim Henrique de Souza Almeida ◽  
Hugo Freitas Viégas Fernandes ◽  
Carolina Maria Leal Rosas ◽  
Ellen Diniz de Menezes ◽  
Regina Célia de Souza Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction: There is a need for studies to know the real situation and outline measures to guarantee a reduction in the rates of pregnant women diagnosed with HIV, Syphilis and Toxoplasmosis. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Syphilis, HIV and toxoplasmosis in puerperal women assisted at the largest public maternity hospital in Campos dos Goytacazes in 2016. Methods: Cross-sectional study, using secondary data from the puerperal women assisted at the largest maternity hospital in the northern region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, in the year 2016. Results: There were 970 puerperal women, with a prevalence of HIV, Syphilis and Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy of 1.6, 2.7 and 2%, respectively. Most pregnant women were diagnosed at delivery due to low serological coverage during pregnancy. Conclusion: The high prevalence of Syphilis, HIV and Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy requires efficient prenatal care for its identification and approach.

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

HIGH PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITON AND WORM INFECTION AMONG VAN KIEU AND PAKOH CHILDREN AGED 12-36 MONTHS IN DAKRONG DISTRICT, QUANG TRI PROVINCE

2012 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Thi Lan Tran ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Xuan Ninh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Group Recommendation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Objectives: Assess the nutritional status, worm infection status and some related factors among children aged 12-36 months of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Subject and method: A cross sectional study was carried out in 2010, in 680 children aged 12-36 months in 4 communes of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Results: The malnutrition rate was 55.0% for underweight, 66.5% for stunting and 16.2% for wasting. The prevalence of malnutrition increases by age group. The prevalence of worm infection was 31.6%, the highest prevalence was belong to Ascaris infection (24.6%), followed by Hookworm and Trichuris (6.5% and 6.2%, respectively). The prevalence of worm infection among children under two is very high (27.0%). The prevalence of worm infection was distributed quite equally between the malnutrition children group and normal children group. Recommendation: Early deworming forchildren from 12 months should be considered as important strategy against the malnutrition of children in Dakrong district, Quang Tri province

scholarly journals Prevalence of MDR organism (MDRO) carriage in children and their household members in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta R Singh ◽  
Bunsoth Mao ◽  
Konstantin Evdokimov ◽  
Pisey Tan ◽  
Phana Leab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Siem Reap ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The rising incidence of infections caused by MDR organisms (MDROs) poses a significant public health threat. However, little has been reported regarding community MDRO carriage in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Siem Reap, Cambodia comparing hospital-associated households, in which an index child (age: 2–14 years) had been hospitalized for at least 48 h in the preceding 2–4 weeks, with matched community households on the same street, in which no other child had a recent history of hospitalization. Participants were interviewed using a survey questionnaire and tested for carriage of MRSA, ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) by culture followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing. We used logistic regression analysis to analyse associations between collected variables and MDRO carriage. Results Forty-two pairs of households including 376 participants with 376 nasal swabs and 290 stool specimens were included in final analysis. MRSA was isolated from 26 specimens (6.9%). ESBL-producing Escherichia coli was detected in 269 specimens (92.8%) whereas ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from 128 specimens (44.1%), of which 123 (42.4%) were co-colonized with ESBL-producing E. coli. Six (2.1%) specimens tested positive for CPE (4 E. coli and 2 K. pneumoniae). The prevalence ratios for MRSA, ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae carriage did not differ significantly in hospital-associated households and hospitalized children compared with their counterparts. Conclusions The high prevalence of ESBL-E across both household types suggests that MDRO reservoirs are common in the community. Ongoing genomic analyses will help to understand the epidemiology and course of MDRO spread.

scholarly journals Prevalence of urogenital, anal, and pharyngeal infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium: a cross-sectional study in Reunion island

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Calas ◽  
N. Zemali ◽  
G. Camuset ◽  
J. Jaubert ◽  
R. Manaquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Recommendations for sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening vary significantly across countries. This study evaluated the prevalence of urogenital and extragenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in patients visiting a French STI clinic in the Indian Ocean region to determine whether current STI screening practices should be updated. Methods This cross-sectional study examined all patients who visited the STI clinic between 2014 and 2015. Triplex polymerase chain reaction screening for CT, NG, and MG was performed on urine, vaginal, pharyngeal, and anal specimens (FTD Urethritis Basic Kit, Fast Track Diagnostics, Luxembourg). Results Of the 851 patients enrolled in the study, 367 were women (367/851, 43.2%) and 484 were men (484/851, 56.0%). Overall, 826 urogenital specimens (826/851, 97.1%), 606 pharyngeal specimens (606/851, 71.2%), and 127 anal specimens (127/851, 14.9%) were taken from enrolled patients. The prevalence of urogenital CT and MG was high in women ≤25 years (19/186, 10.21%; 5/186, 2.69%) and in men who have sex with women ≤30 years (16/212, 7.54%; 5/212, 2.36%). Among patients with urogenital CT infection, 13.7% (7/51) had urethritis. All patients with urogenital MG infection were asymptomatic. Men who have sex with men had a high prevalence of pharyngeal CT (2/45, 4.44%) and NG (3/44, 6.81%) and a high prevalence of anal CT (2/27, 7.41%), NG (2/27, 7.40%), and MG (1/27, 3.70%). After excluding patients with concomitant urogenital infection, extragenital infections with at least 1 of the 3 pathogens were found in 20 swabs (20/91, 21.9%) taken from 16 patients (16/81, 19.7%), all of them asymptomatic. Conclusions Routine multisite screening for CT, NG, and MG should be performed to mitigate the transmission of STIs in high-risk sexually active populations.

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