<p>Gastrointestinal Tract Colonization Rate of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Associated Factors Among Hospitalized Patients in Arba Minch General Hospital, Arba Minch, Ethiopia</p>

Background : Increased multidrug resistance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) compromises the efficacy of treatment of urinary tract infections. Objective : The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of ESBL-producing uropathogens from hospitalized patients with chronic pyelonephritis and to identify the presence of genes involved in the resistance. Methods : A cross-sectional study of 105 patients with chronic pyelonephritis, treated in Kharkiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital, Ukraine was carried. Bacterial isolates were collected, antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates was determined by the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method and screening for the presence of blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX-M ESBL genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Results : 84 (80%) patients had positive urine cultures. Eschеrichia coli wаs the most common microorganism isolated. Among them, 29 (25.2%) were found to be ESBL producers. Out of 53 E. coli isolates, 10 (18.9%), 4 (7.5%) and 6 (11.3%) were identified to carry bla(TEM), bla(SHV) and bla(CTX-M) beta-lactamase genes, respectively. The highest resistance was observed against ampicillin (75.9%), ciprofloxacin (48.3%), levofloxacin (41.4%) and gentamicin (41.4%). Beside this, only meropenem (96.6% susceptibility), nitroxolinum (86.2%) and fosfomycin (72.4%) exhibited a good enough activity against ESBLs-producing urinary strains. Conclusion : Isоlation and detеction of ESBL-prоducing strаins are еssential fоr the sеlection оf the mоst effеctive antibiоtic for the empiric trеatment.

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Infections in Patients Colonized With Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciaa895 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Isabelle Vock ◽

Lisandra Aguilar-Bultet ◽

Adrian Egli ◽

Pranita D Tamma ◽

Sarah Tschudin-Sutter

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Treatment Recommendations ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Patient Level ◽

Empiric Treatment ◽

Extended Spectrum

Abstract We investigated relative proportions of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) versus non-ESBL-PE (nESBL-PE) infections in ESBL-PE colonized patients. ESBL-PE are not causative for the majority of infections in hospitalized patients colonized with ESBL-PE. Site of infection and patient-level exposures may be useful predictors of nESBL-PE infections, potentially guiding empiric treatment recommendations.

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Rectal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Hospitalized Patients: Selective Preenrichment Increases Yield of Screening

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01251-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (8) ◽

pp. 2709-2712 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

M. F. Q. Kluytmans-van den Bergh ◽

C. Verhulst ◽

L. E. Willemsen ◽

E. Verkade ◽

M. J. M. Bonten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Added Value ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Content Type ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum

This study evaluated the added value of selective preenrichment for the detection of rectal carriage of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E). ESBL-E rectal carriage was identified in 4.8% of hospitalized patients, and 25.9% of ESBL-E rectal carriers were identified with selective preenrichment only.

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Faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy volunteers and hospitalized patients in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: prevalence, resistance profile, and associated risk factors

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology ◽

10.4314/ajcem.v22i2.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 157-163

Author(s):

S. Soré ◽

S. Sanou ◽

Y. Sawadogo ◽

S. Béogo ◽

S.N.P. Dakouo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Faecal Carriage ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are a serious challenge to patients’ treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of ESBL-PE, investigate the associated resistance, and analyze the associated risk factors for acquisition of ESBL-PE.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on healthy volunteers and inpatients. After obtaining informed consent, rectal swabs were collected from each participant for isolation of Enterobacteriaceae on Hektoen enteric agar containing 4µg/L cefotaxime. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were identified using biochemical tests and ESBL production was confirmed by the double-disc synergy test of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Antibiotic susceptibility test of each isolate was done by the disc diffusion method and interpreted using the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) clinical breakpoints version 5.0.Results: During the study period, prevalence of faecal ESBL-PE among the study participants was 54.5% (103/189); 53.5% among healthy volunteers and 55.7% among inpatients (p=0.87). The major ESBL-PE isolates was Escherichia coli (71%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%). The isolates in hospitalized patients were resistant to norfloxacin (84.2%), cotrimoxazole (89.5%), and gentamicin (7.0%). The isolates from healthy volunteers were resistant to norfloxacin (86.2%), cotrimoxazole (82.8%), and gentamicin (1.7%).Gender, age, and previous antibiotic use were not significantly associated with carriage of ESBL-PE (p=0.51).Conclusion: The high prevalence of ESBL-PE in this study is worrying. There is an urgent need to develop measures to monitor and limit the spread of these multidrug-resistant organisms in healthcare facilities and the community in Burkina Faso. Keywords: faecal carriage, ESBL-PE, healthy volunteers, inpatients, Burkina Faso

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