scholarly journals Metabolic activity of intestinal microflora in newborns with a different mode of delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
I. V. Nikolaeva ◽  
G. S. Shaikhieva ◽  
V. A. Anokhin ◽  
A. D. Tsaregorodtsev ◽  
I. Kh. Sharafutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Microbial Composition

The authors studied microbial composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in 20 babies born by caesarean section (main group) and 20 babies born vaginally (control group). There were isolated bifidobacteria from meconium at a concentration of 105– 1010 CFU/g by the bacteriological method in 4 (20%) children of the main group and 6 (30%) children in the control group. The gas-liquid chromatography revealed the metabolic activity of various representatives of the intestinal microflora in children of both groups, regardless of the mode of delivery; the indicators of metabolic activity were significantly lower than in the infants. The children in both groups had similar absolute and relative content of short-chain fatty acids in meconium. The data of gas-liquid chromatography indicate the metabolic activity of the meconium microbiota, which is dominated by anaerobic microbial populations and there is a high proportion of proteolytic and conditionally pathogenic flora. The data obtained confirm the process of intrauterine translocation of microbes from mother to child and indicate the importance of the microflora of the future mother in the process of forming the intestinal microbiota of the child.

scholarly journals Physical development and its relationship to the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in young children

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
I. V. Vakhlova ◽  
G. V. Fedotova ◽  
L. G. Boronina ◽  
Yu. N. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Important Indicator

Introduction. The metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota is an important indicator of the functioning of the digestive tract, one of the main functions of which is the absorption of nutrients.The aim of the study was to analyze the content of short chain fatty acids in feces and assess their relationship with the indicators of physical development in children 3 years of age.Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted in 89 children 3rd year of life. The 1st observation group included children of the I and II health groups, the children of the 2nd group underwent surgical treatment on the intestine in the first months of life, the children of the3rd group are with atopic dermatitis. FD assessment was carried out in accordance with WHO recommendations (2017) the spectrum of FGC in feces was determined by gas-liquid chromatography.Results. It was determined the features of the rates of FD in healthy children, children with a history of intestinal resection and children with atopy in relation to the indicators of metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota. The percentile distribution of the values of FGC in feces and their comparative assessment in the observation groups are given.Discussion. The content of FGM in feces has differences depending on the health status of children of the 3rd year of life. Different level of FGC shows a close relationship with the indicators of FD. Conclusions. A decrease in growth rates (body length SD: from -1 to -2) was revealed at low values (<25%) of the amount of acids, with an increase in propionate (25%) in feces. Reduced nutrition (body weight SD: from -1 to -2) it was associated with low values of the sum of isoacids and AI(-) (<25%); by 3rd year of life, the risk of low nutrition decreased in 4 times with high values (75%) of the sum of acids in feces (OR=4.33[1.09-17.71]). The multidirectionality of the content of fecal matter in young children and their influence on the indicators of FD emphasizes the versatility of the functions of the intestinal microbiota, which has a local and systemic effect on the human body.

scholarly journals Pathogenetic role of intestinal microflora in carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome in early-aged children with rotavirus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-690
Author(s):  
N. V. Vorobiova ◽  
O. V. Usachova ◽  
A. H. Kaplaushenko
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Malabsorption Syndrome ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Carbohydrate Malabsorption ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The aim is to evaluate the effect of metabolic activity of intestinal microflora on laboratory manifestations of carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome in early-aged children with rotavirus infection by studying the main intestinal metabolites – short-chain fatty acids in faeces. Materials and methods. 60 breastfed children with rotavirus infection aged 1–24 months were examined. The total amount of carbohydrates in faecal samples was determined using Benedict’s test, and the detection of short-chain fatty acids in faeces was carried out using liquid chromatography in the dynamics of the disease – on the 3rd, 5th and 10th day. Results. It was established, that the amount of reducing sugars in faeces decreased with the increasing concentration of intestinal microflora metabolites during the entire period of rotavirus infection. In patients with ≤0.5 % level of carbohydrates in faeces, the total content of short-chain fatty acids was the highest and exceeded by 2.0, 1.8 and 1.7 times the indicators of children with Benedict’s test values >0.5 % on the 3rd, 5th and 10th days of the disease, respectively (p < 0.05). A decrease in the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in the above category of children occurred mainly due to a deficiency in the production of acetic and propionic acids (P < 0.05). In the acute period of the disease, an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota infrastructure was noted towards a deficiency of obligate anaerobes that was expressed in a decrease in the anaerobic index (P < 0.05). The severity of these disorders influenced the severity of carbohydrate malabsorption: with an increase in the level of undigested sugars in faeces >0.5 %, the anaerobic index values were 3 and 5 times lower than at a carbohydrate level ≤0.5 % on the 3rd and 5th days of the disease, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions. It has been found that early-aged children with rotavirus infection have structural and functional disorders of the intestinal microflora, which influence the severity of carbohydrate malabsorption syndrome. The lower the saccharolytic activity of intestinal bacteria, the more pronounced the manifestations of this syndrome during the entire period of the disease.

scholarly journals INTESTINAL MICROBIOCENOSIS AND CYTOKINE STATUS IN LUNG CANCER PATIENTS RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Margarita Yu. Serkova ◽  
E. B Avalueva ◽  
I. G Bakulin ◽  
S. I Sitkin
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Microbiocenosis

In patients with oncological diseases chemotherapy leads to the damage of a mucous membrane of gastrointestinal tract, as well as to a deterioration of the intestinal microbiocenosis. The article presents the changes in intestinal microbiocenosis in lung cancer patients, chemotherapy, the nature of the influence appointed in the schemes of the treatment of lung cancer, impact of anticancer drugs on the state of the intestinal microflora, and the improvement of technologies of treatment of lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy on the basis of supplementation of the complex therapy by the probiotics Material and methods. 41 lung cancer patient receiving the first line of the first cycle of chemotherapy was included. The age of patients varied from 49 to 73 years, the average duration of the disease was 1 year. Patients from the main group (n = 21) received probiotics treatment together with the chemotherapy course. Patients from the control group (n = 20) received only chemotherapeutic preparations. All patients were observed before and after treatment, the study of metabolites of intestinal microorganisms in blood was performed by the method of the gas-liquid chromatography - mass-spectrometry by G.A. Osipov’s method, determination of cytokine status multiplex method. The efficiency of probiotic therapy was evaluated by results of the dynamics of studied indices. Results. The deterioration in intestinal microflora was manifested as the decreased quantity of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and increased quantity of different pathogenic microorganisms. It was noted decreased rate in the improvement of composition intestinal microflora after the treatment course with the metabiotic. Conclusion. Using of metabiotic medicines with the chemotherapy in lung cancer patients is promising to prevent deterioration of the gut microflora.

scholarly journals The role of α-tocopherol and ɷ-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in miscarriage at early stages of pregnancy with cytomegalovirus infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
N. A. Ishutina ◽  
I. А. Andrievskaya ◽  
I. V. Dovzhikova ◽  
N. N. Dorofienko
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Epa And Dha ◽  
Group A ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Introduction. It is now generally acknowledged that cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) is one of the main causes of miscarriage. However, the mechanism of this effect has not been sufficiently studied. At the same time, the influence of acids of the ɷ-3 family and α-tocopherol (αTP) on the placentation process through a pro-angiogenic action is shown.Aim. To study the concentration of αTP and ɷ-3 family acids in the peripheral blood and establish their role in miscarriage in CMV-seropositive women with CMVI reactivation.Materials and methods. A case-control study included 64 women in the first trimester of pregnancy (7-10 weeks), of which 36 were CMV-seropositive with CMVI reactivation (main group) and 28 were CMV-seronegative (control group). CMVI was diagnosed by the determination of class M and G antibodies by ELISA, as well as CMV DNA detected by PCR. The concentration of ɷ-3 acids of the family (eicosapentaenoic – EPA, docosahexaenoic – DHA) in blood serum was studied by capillary gas-liquid chromatography (J.P.Carreau, J.P.Dubacq). The αTP concentration was determined by the fluorometric method (L.G.Hansen, W.I.Warwich).Results. In women of the main group, a significant (p<0.001) decrease in the concentration of αTP to 1.32±0.025 μg/mL was observed in the peripheral blood compared to the same indicator in the control group (1.49±0.029 μg/mL). At the same time, the levels of EPA and DHA were also statistically significant (p<0.001) lower than the same indicator in the control group and amounted to 1.09±0.012 and 6.09±0.015%, respectively (in the control, 1.29±0.071 and 8.80±0.071%, respectively). Conclusion. The obtained results of the study allow us to establish the important role of disorders in the content of α-TF, EPA and DHA in the pathogenesis of miscarriage during reactivation of CMVI in the early periods of gestation, which can serve as a basis for expanding diagnostic and therapeutic measures in this pathology of pregnant women.

Cytokine profile in women with threatened miscarriage and intestinal dysbiosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Bezmenko ◽  
Natalia D. Sadovaya ◽  
Marina E. Meshkova ◽  
Elena A. Malakhova
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endotoxin Level ◽  
Threatened Miscarriage ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Intestinal Microbiocenosis

Hypothesis/Aims of study: Systemic endotoxinemia resulting from intestinal dysbiosis activates the Th1 immune response and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, which can cause abortion. This study was aimed at assessing interleukin levels in women with the threat of miscarriage and exploring their dependence on intestinal microbiocenosis and the level of endotoxinemia. Study design, materials and methods: The study involved 87 women aged 18 to 43 years in pregnancy from six to 22 weeks. The main group consisted of 50 women with a threatened miscarriage. The control group included 37 women with normal pregnancy. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of intestinal microbiocenosis was performed by real-time PCR, with endotoxin and interleukin levels evaluated using conventional methods. Results: In patients of the main group, intestinal dysbiosis of grade I was detected in 30 % (n = 15), of grade II in 46 % (n = 23), and of grade III in 24 % (n = 12) of cases. In the control group, intestinal microflora disorders corresponded to grade I dysbiosis in 67.6 % (n = 25) and grade II dysbiosis in 32.4 % (n = 12) of cases, there being no cases of severe dysbiosis revealed. The level of endotoxin in pregnant women of the main group was 0.57 0.02 nmol / ml and was classified as increased. The endotoxin level in the blood serum of pregnant women of the control group was 0.34 0.02 nmol / ml and was characterized as low (p 0.001). A strong correlation was found (r = 0.8, p 0.001) between the grade of intestinal dysbiosis and the level of endotoxinemia. The cytokine profile in patients of the main group was characterized by increased concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 4.9 1.6 pg / ml, IL-6 4.8 1.5 pg / ml) and a decreased concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10 18.0 4.5 pg / ml), when compared to the control group (IL-1 1.8 0.2 pg / ml, IL-6 2.1 0.2 pg / ml, IL-10 30.3 4.4 pg/ml). There were a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between the level of endotoxinemia and the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a weak negative correlation between the endotoxin level and the concentration of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Conclusion: Endotoxinemia, which occurs as a result of intestinal microflora dysbiosis and activates pro-inflammatory pathways, can really be as a triggering factor in the pathogenesis of miscarriage in pregnant women.

Synbiotics impact on dominant faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids production in sows

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Śliżewska ◽  
Agnieszka Chlebicz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of synbiotics on intestinal microbiota and its metabolism in sows. Three different synbiotics were administered with feed to animals from three experimental groups. Two groups of sows were given commercially available probiotics (BioPlus 2B®, Cylactin® LBC) as forage additives for comparison. The control group of sows was given unmodified fodder. The study was conducted for 48 days (10 days before farrowing, and continued 38 days after) and faeces samples were collected four times. The scope of this work was to designate the dominant microbiota in sows’ faeces. Therefore, the total number of anaerobic bacteria, Bifidobacterium sp., Lactobacillus sp., Bacteroides sp., Clostridium sp., Enterococcus sp., Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli and yeast was determined, using the plate method. Changes in the concentration of lactic acid, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) were also determined in correlation with the feed additives administered to the sows using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis (HPLC). Our results allowed us to conclude that synbiotics have a beneficial effect on intestinal microbiota of sows and its metabolism. We observed that the impact of the synbiotics on the microbiota was more significant than the one induced by probiotics.

scholarly journals The fermentation characteristics of Sparassis crispa polysaccharides and their effects on the intestinal microbes in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-yang Liu ◽  
Shao-jun Yun ◽  
Jin-ling Cao ◽  
Feier Cheng ◽  
Ming-chang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Microbes ◽  
Sparassis Crispa ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Abstract Background Sparassis crispa polysaccharides (SCPs) have multiple pharmacological activities. Fermentation characteristics of SCPs and its effects on the intestinal microbes in mice remain inconclusive. Results In this study, SCPs were fermented by the human feces and used to administer the Kunming mice to explore the fermentation characteristics of SCPs in the intestinal tract and the effects on the intestinal microbes in mice. Results from in vitro experiments revealed that SCPs were utilized by intestinal microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The specific monosaccharide composition of SCPs determines which SCFAs are produced. Furthermore, the colon index and villi length of the SCPs-treated mice were significantly higher compared with the control group. In addition, SCPs exhibited beneficial effect on the relative abundance and diversity of dominant bacteria in the intestinal tract, such as increasing Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and up-regulating SCFA-producing bacteria, including Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Alloprevotella, Alistipes, Bacteroides, Butyricimonas, Parabacteroides, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Oscillibacter. SCPs increased the abundance of genes in carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism. Conclusion Our results indicate SCPs can improve the physiological indices of the colon in mice, which is likely to be associated with the increase in the relative abundance and diversity of SCFA-producing bacteria and SCFAs level produced by intestinal microbiota. Graphic abstract

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