scholarly journals The role of α-tocopherol and ɷ-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in miscarriage at early stages of pregnancy with cytomegalovirus infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
N. A. Ishutina ◽  
I. А. Andrievskaya ◽  
I. V. Dovzhikova ◽  
N. N. Dorofienko
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Epa And Dha ◽  
Group A ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Introduction. It is now generally acknowledged that cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) is one of the main causes of miscarriage. However, the mechanism of this effect has not been sufficiently studied. At the same time, the influence of acids of the ɷ-3 family and α-tocopherol (αTP) on the placentation process through a pro-angiogenic action is shown.Aim. To study the concentration of αTP and ɷ-3 family acids in the peripheral blood and establish their role in miscarriage in CMV-seropositive women with CMVI reactivation.Materials and methods. A case-control study included 64 women in the first trimester of pregnancy (7-10 weeks), of which 36 were CMV-seropositive with CMVI reactivation (main group) and 28 were CMV-seronegative (control group). CMVI was diagnosed by the determination of class M and G antibodies by ELISA, as well as CMV DNA detected by PCR. The concentration of ɷ-3 acids of the family (eicosapentaenoic – EPA, docosahexaenoic – DHA) in blood serum was studied by capillary gas-liquid chromatography (J.P.Carreau, J.P.Dubacq). The αTP concentration was determined by the fluorometric method (L.G.Hansen, W.I.Warwich).Results. In women of the main group, a significant (p<0.001) decrease in the concentration of αTP to 1.32±0.025 μg/mL was observed in the peripheral blood compared to the same indicator in the control group (1.49±0.029 μg/mL). At the same time, the levels of EPA and DHA were also statistically significant (p<0.001) lower than the same indicator in the control group and amounted to 1.09±0.012 and 6.09±0.015%, respectively (in the control, 1.29±0.071 and 8.80±0.071%, respectively). Conclusion. The obtained results of the study allow us to establish the important role of disorders in the content of α-TF, EPA and DHA in the pathogenesis of miscarriage during reactivation of CMVI in the early periods of gestation, which can serve as a basis for expanding diagnostic and therapeutic measures in this pathology of pregnant women.

scholarly journals DISTURBANCE OF 20α-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN VILLOUS CHORION SYNCIOTHYTHROPHOBLAST AT REACTIVATION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (65) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Инна Довжикова ◽  
Inna Dovzhikova ◽  
Михаил Луценко ◽  
Mikhail Lutsenko ◽  
Ксения Петрова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers

The aim of the work is to assess the effects of cytomegalovirus infection on the 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the villous chorion syncytiotrophoblast in the first trimester of pregnancy. The materials for the study included 48 villous chorions samples taken during spontaneous abortions at 8th–10th weeks of gestation from women with reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection (the main group). The control group included 35 villous chorions samples from pregnant women with chronic cytomegalovirus infection in the latent stage taken at medical abortions at the same stage of gestation. The results of women’s examination were studied taken into account the activity of cytomegalovirus infection by immunoassay by detection of IgM antibodies or by 4 times and more increase of IgG antibody titers in the paired serums in dynamics in 10 days. The activity of 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was assessed by the histochemical method. Quantitative evaluation of the reaction products was carried out on sections under the microscope MT (Japan) connected to software-hardware complex «SCION Corporation» (USA). At histochemical specimen of villous chorion of pregnant women who had a reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy (main group), there was a decrease of cytophotometric parameter of 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity till 30.1±2.12 pixels/μm2 (p<0.001) compared with the control group. The decrease in the reaction activity in syncytiotrophoblast indicated a decrease in the contents of 20α-dihydroprogesterone in placenta, which contributed, in our opinion, to spontaneous abortion.

scholarly journals Lower peripheral blood Toll-like receptor 3 expression is associated with an unfavorable outcome in severe COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Saad Menezes ◽  
Alicia Dudy Müller Veiga ◽  
Thais Martins de Lima ◽  
Suely Kunimi Kubo Ariga ◽  
Hermes Vieira Barbeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pyrin Domain ◽  
Peripheral Blood Gene Expression ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe role of innate immunity in COVID-19 is not completely understood. Therefore, this study explored the impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on the expression of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in peripheral blood cells and their correlated cytokines. Seventy-nine patients with severe COVID-19 on admission, according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification, were divided into two groups: patients who needed mechanical ventilation and/or deceased (SEVERE, n = 50) and patients who used supplementary oxygen but not mechanical ventilation and survived (MILD, n = 29); a control group (CONTROL, n = 17) was also enrolled. In the peripheral blood, gene expression (mRNA) of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9, retinoic-acid inducible gene I (RIGI), NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), interferon alpha (IFN-α), interferon beta (IFN-β), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interferon lambda (IFN-λ), pro-interleukin(IL)-1β (pro-IL-1β), and IL-18 was determined on admission, between 5–9 days, and between 10–15 days. Circulating cytokines in plasma were also measured. When compared to the COVID-19 MILD group, the COVID-19 SEVERE group had lower expression of TLR3 and overexpression of TLR4.

scholarly journals Chronic cerebrovascular disease: the role of venous disorders and the possibility of pathogenetic correction

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 544-551
Author(s):  
I.A. Schukin ◽  
◽  
M.S. Fidler ◽  
I.A. Koltsov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Duplex Scanning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Venous Disorders ◽  
Tinetti Test

Aim: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the L-lysine escinate venotropic drug in the treatment of cephalgic, atactic and asthenic syndromes in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia, mainly caused by venous disorders. Patients and Methods: the study involved 60 patients with a diagnosis of chronic cerebral ischemia with signs of chronic venous insufficiency. All patients were randomly divided into two groups consisting of 30 people. Patients in the main group received L-lysine escinate, and the control group received Vinpocetine. The drugs were administered by intravenous drip for 10 days. A dynamic assessment was performed using a modified subjective scale of asthenia evaluation (MFI-20), 100 mm long visual analogue scale (VAS) for headache, subjective neurological impairment scale (SNIS), and Tinetti test. An ophthalmic examination with an assessment of the fundus vessels and an ultrasound duplex scanning of head vessels (veins) were also conducted. Results: it was shown that L-lysine escinate therapy showed a statistically more significant reduction in the severity of headache (according to VAS) and an improved stability measured by Tinetti test versus during Vinpocetine treatment. There were no significant differences in the level of asthenia (MFI-20), the severity of emotional disorders, and the SNIS score. Also, the number of patients with dilated fundus veins significantly decreased during treatment in the main group (p<0.05), which was not the case in the control group. According to ultrasound duplex scanning data, the venous flow velocity through the veins of Rosenthal and angular veins during L-lysine escinate therapy was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in patients receiving Vinpocetine. Conclusion: the inclusion of vasotropic drugs (in particular, the L-lysine escinate venotonic drug) in the treatment regimen of patients with chronic brain ischemia seems appropriate, especially if there are signs of venous insufficiency. KEYWORDS: systemic venous insufficiency, chronic cerebrovascular disease, venous dyscirculation, glymphatic system, L-lysine escinate, Vinpocetine. FOR CITATION: Schukin I.A., Fidler M.S., Koltsov I.A. Chronic cerebrovascular disease: the role of venous disorders and the possibility of pathogenetic correction. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(9):544–551. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-9-544-551.

scholarly journals The role of brief intervention in achieving and maintaining abstinence in patients with alcoholic liver disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
V. D. Lunkov ◽  
M. V. Maevskaya ◽  
V. T. Ivashkin
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Group A ◽  
Observation Period

Objective of the study. prove the effectiveness of brief psychological intervention (BPI) conducted by an internist in achieving and maintaining abstinence in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD).Materials and methods. A total of 65 patients were included in the study: 29 patients in the BPI group and 36 in the historical control group. A comparative analysis of the frequency of achievement and maintenance of abstinence and analysis of factors associated with these parameters were conducted.Results of the study. The frequency of achieving abstinence was significantly higher in the BPI group compared with the control group after 6, 9, 12 and 24 months from the date of inclusion in the study (p <0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001, p = 0.017, respectively; criterion χ2). The frequency of failures to achieve abstinence in the CPC group was significantly lower than in the control group after 6 months and in general for the entire observation period (p = 0.004, p = 0.005, respectively; criterion χ2). Provision of BPIs for 12 months after alcohol-induced decompensation serves as a factor that is reliably associated with achieving total abstinence within 24 months (p = 0.001, criterion χ2). Decompensated cirrhosis of the liver serves as factors independently associated with failures to achieve abstinence within 24 months after alcohol-induced illness (OS: 10.72 [95% CI 2.17–52.81]; p = 0.004) and the absence of BPI after discharge from the hospital (OSH BPI: 0.80 [95% CI 0.14–0.479]; p = 0.006)Conclusion. BPIs provided by an internist to the patients with ABD for 12 months after alcohol-induced decompensation leads to a higher rate of achieving total abstinence and decrease in the frequency of failures to achieve abstinence within 24 months after discharge from the hospital.

scholarly journals The Role of Post-Ingestive Feedback in the Development of an Enhanced Appetite for the Orosensory Properties of Glucose over Fructose in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin P. Myers ◽  
Megan Y. Summers ◽  
Elizabeth Geyer-Roberts ◽  
Lindsey A. Schier
Keyword(s):  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Taste Quality ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sensory Property ◽  
Matched Group ◽  
Group A

The simple sugars glucose and fructose share a common “sweet” taste quality mediated by the T1R2+T1R3 taste receptor. However, when given the opportunity to consume each sugar, rats learn to affectively discriminate between glucose and fructose on the basis of cephalic chemosensory cues. It has been proposed that glucose has a unique sensory property that becomes more hedonically positive through learning about the relatively more rewarding post-ingestive effects that are associated with glucose as compared to fructose. We tested this theory using intragastric (IG) infusions to manipulate the post-ingestive consequences of glucose and fructose consumption. Food-deprived rats with IG catheters repeatedly consumed multiple concentrations of glucose and fructose in separate sessions. For rats in the “Matched” group, each sugar was accompanied by IG infusion of the same sugar. For the “Mismatched” group, glucose consumption was accompanied by IG fructose, and vice versa. This condition gave rats orosensory experience with each sugar but precluded the differential post-ingestive consequences. Following training, avidity for each sugar was assessed in brief access and licking microstructure tests. The Matched group displayed more positive evaluation of glucose relative to fructose than the Mismatched group. A second experiment used a different concentration range and compared responses of the Matched and Mismatched groups to a control group kept naïve to the orosensory properties of sugar. Consistent with results from the first experiment, the Matched group, but not the Mismatched or Control group, displayed elevated licking responses to glucose. These experiments yield additional evidence that glucose and fructose have discriminable sensory properties and directly demonstrate that their different post-ingestive effects are responsible for the experience-dependent changes in the motivation for glucose versus fructose.

scholarly journals Correlation between expression levels of IL-37, GM-CSF, and CRP in peripheral blood and atherosclerosis and plaque stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921984406
Author(s):  
Tao Zheng ◽  
Qingyun Zhou ◽  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Qinning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The study aimed to study the correlation between expression levels of interleukin-37 (IL-37), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in peripheral blood and the status of atherosclerosis (AS) and plaque stability and to confirm the clinical significance of these inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of AS. A total of 64 AS patients (case group) were selected and divided into unstable plaque group (group A, 28 cases) and stable plaque group (group B, 36 cases) according to the color ultrasonography results of arterial vessels. At the same time, 30 healthy subjects were classified into the control group. General information of the enrolled subjects was collected, including levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), CRP, and homocysteine (Hcy). The expression levels of IL-37 and GM-CSF in the serum of peripheral blood samples collected from these subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was no significant difference between the case group and the control group in the levels of TC, TG, HDL, and LDL ( P > 0.05). However, the expression level of Hcy in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of IL-37, GM-CSF, and CRP in the case group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05). In addition, compared with group B, the expression level of GM-CSF in group A was significantly increased ( P < 0.05), while no significant difference was detected between group A and group B in the expression levels of IL-37 and CRP ( P > 0.05). In conclusion, inflammatory factors IL-37, GM-CSF, CRP, and Hcy were all involved in the pathogenesis of AS, and the increased levels of GM-CSF were closely related to the progress of unstable plaques. These results may aid the early diagnosis/treatment of AS.

Renal function in the laboratory rat: a student exercise.

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. S49 ◽  
Author(s):  
R L Walker ◽  
M E Olson
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Group A

Because of the increased concern over use of human body fluids in physiology teaching laboratories, we developed an exercise in renal function that utilizes laboratory rats. The purpose is to demonstrate the role of the kidneys in the homeostatic control of extracellular fluid volume, plasma ionic concentrations, and osmolarity. Three treatment groups are utilized: a volume-expanded (access to 1 g/100 ml sucrose) group, a volume-expanded and salt-loaded (access to 0.9 g/100 ml NaCl) group, and a volume-depleted (water-deprived) group. A normovolemic control group (access to tap water) is also included. Rats are housed individually in metabolic cages that allow accurate measurement of fluid intake and urine output. Blood samples are removed via cardiac puncture. The animals recover from this procedure and can be reutilized within 2-3 wk. When class data are pooled, clear trends are seen that demonstrate the volume-, osmo-, and ionoregulatory abilities of the kidneys.

PROLACTIN IN MAINTENANCE OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM OF EARLY PSEUDOPREGNANCY IN THE GOLDEN HAMSTER

1981 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. HARRIS ◽  
B. D. MURPHY
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Golden Hamster ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples

The role of prolactin in the maintenance of the corpus luteum of pseudopregnancy was studied in the golden hamster. Nine groups of seven to fourteen animals each received 1 mg bromocriptine at 11.00 h on days 1, 2 or 3 of pseudopregnancy (three groups for each day). On each day of treatment with bromocriptine, one group of hamsters was injected with bovine prolactin 4 h before bromocriptine, and one group received prolactin 4 h before bromocriptine for three consecutive days following treatment with bromocriptine. One group received bromocriptine only. These nine groups were compared with a control group of animals given 0·85% saline instead of bromocriptine and prolactin. Peripheral blood samples were taken from all hamsters at 11.00 h on days 3, 4, 5 and 6 of pseudopregnancy and plasma levels of progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay. Luteolysis, indicated by a decline in progesterone level by 24 or 48 h after treatment with bromocriptine, occurred in all hamsters given bromocriptine alone, whether it was administered on day 1, 2 or 3. Pretreatment with a single dose of prolactin did not mitigate the bromocriptine-induced fall in progesterone. In the majority of cases, pretreatment with prolactin plus daily doses of prolactin maintained the progesterone at levels not different from saline-treated hamsters. These data suggest that prolactin is a necessary luteotrophin during early pseudopregnancy without which luteolysis ensues.

High-Dose Chemotherapy in Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: Favorable Long-Term Outcome for Extrapulmonary Primary Localization.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3075-3075
Author(s):  
Antonia M.S. Mueller ◽  
Alex Kuehnemund ◽  
Monika Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
High Dose Chemotherapy ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Primary Localization

Abstract Small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (SCNC) are composed of round to spindle-shaped cells with features of both neuroendocrine and epithelial neoplasms. SCNC can be found in basically all epitheloid organs; however, the vast majority arises in the lung, while extrapulmonary (EP) localization is rare. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and EP SCNC are considered one histological entity and are treated similarly. Despite the high initial response to chemo- and radiotherapy, most patients relapse after short remission, and overall prognosis is dismal. Clinical trials employing high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) neither demonstrated a clear benefit nor clarified its significance in SCLC. The role of intensified treatment in EP SCNC has not been specifically addressed in detail. Conversely to SCLC, some subgroup analyses indicated that patients with EP SCNC might benefit from intensive treatment. We analyzed a total of 22 patients: 8 with EP SCNC (group A; m:f 3:5; median age 36 years (y) [range 22–56]) and 14 patients with SCLC (group B; m:f 10:4; median age 55 y [40–63]), all undergoing HDCT with auto-SCT at our single center from 07/90–01/05. A control group C consisted of 30 patients with EP SCNC (m:f 21:9, median age 66 years [32–81], who received different standard treatments without auto-SCT. All group A patients had stage IV disease (liver n=5, lymph nodes n=4, pancreas n=1, orbita n=1, bone n=1, kidney n=1). Two of these patients received additional local radiotherapy. In group B, 7 patients had limited and 7 patients extensive disease, (stage I (n=1), II (n=2), III (n=10), IV (n=1). HDCT with VIC (etoposide, ifosfamide, carboplatin; n=21), or CCT (carboplatin, cyclophosphamide, thiotepa; n=1) was followed by infusion of a median 3.2x10^6 CD34+ cells. Prophylactic radiotherapy was performed in 12 patients (mediastinum n=11; brain n=10). With a median follow-up (FU) of 48 months (7–152) for group A and 85 months (0–170) for group B, 5/8 (63%) of patients with EP SCNC (group A) are alive and in complete remission (CR), compared to 5/14 (36%) SCLC patients (group B). Best response ever achieved after HDCT was a CR in 5/8 (63%), a partial remission (PR) in 2/8 (25%) and stable disease (SD) in 1/8 (12%) in group A. In group B, a CR was attained in 11/14 (79%), a PR and a SD in 1/14 (7%) patients, respectively. In the conventionally treated control group C, a transient PR was achieved in 5/30 (16%), and after a median FU of 9.7 months, only 2/30 (6.7%) EP SCNC patients are alive. Our analysis suggests that selected SCNC patients may benefit from HDCT, particularly when integrated into multimodal treatment concepts. The remarkably favorable outcome in patients with EP primary site, even when HDCT was implemented as salvage treatment warrants further studies on the role of HDCT in SCNC. Careful attention will have to be paid to prognostic clinical features, such as primary site and/or histological parameters including neuroendocrine marker profiles and mitotic indices. These may help to predict which patients will benefit from intensified treatment. In addition, further histological studies should address the identification of markers specific for lung- vs. extrapulmonary primary localization. For this purpose all available tumor tissue from our study is currently under histological re-analysis, assessing the expression of the novel tumor testis antigens.

Prevalence of allelic and genotypic variants of the rs1143627 polymorphism in the IL1β gene among patients with typhoid

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
D.B. Mirzajonova ◽  
◽  
H.Ya. Karimov ◽  
G.K. Abdukhalilova ◽  
K.T. Boboev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Allele Detection ◽  
Generic Structure

Objective. To evaluatethe role of allelic and genotypic variants of gene IL1β polymorphism rs1143627 in susceptibility to typhoid fever (TF). Materials and methods. 41 patients with TF and 84 chronic carriers of S. typhi were endrolled in the study. Control group included 91 healthy individuals, All of the individuals under study were Uzbeks. DNA samples were isolated from peripheric blood with the kit Ribo-sorb (AmpliSens®, Russia). Genotyping of polymorphism rs1143627 of gene IL1β was carried out by the standard PCR using kits “SNP-Express” (LLC NPF “LITECH”, Russia) according to the instruction of manufacturer. Results. The domination of allele 31T was found in the main group (patients and carriers). Its frequency was significantly lower in comparison with the control group (51.2% and 67.0%, respectively; χ2 = 10.8; p = 0.001). Minor allele -31С cytokine IL1β, on the contrary was detected more frequently in patients with TF (48.8%), than in the control group (33.0%) in χ2 = 10.8 and p = 0.001. Calculated relative chance of this allele detection in the main group in comparison with control group was OR = 1.9 in 95% CI 1.304-2.88. Conclusion. Genotypic variant C/C of polymorphism rs1143627 of the gene IL1β made a certain contribution into forming of generic structure of susceptibility to S. typhi. Risk of susceptibility of macro organism to pathogen in the presence of this genotype is higher more than 2.5 times (χ2 = 4.3; p = 0.04; CI 95% 1.037–7.359). Key words: Typhoid fever, bacteria carrier, bacteria S. typhi, polymorphism rs1143627 of the gene IL1β

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