scholarly journals Decision-making process of tomatoes purchase by generation Z: case study in the Slovak Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Michaela Šugrova ◽  
Marek Plachy ◽  
Ľudmila Nagyova ◽  
Jozef Šumichrast
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Scientific Hypotheses

The paper aims to investigate and assess the decision-making process of young Slovak consumers – generation Z – in the purchase of tomatoes. The respondents participatet in a questionnaire survey and blind testing of four tomato samples (two samples were Slovak and another two were foreign tomatoes). For a deeper analysis of the collected data, five scientific hypotheses were formulated. The accuracy of provided hypotheses was verified using the following mathematical-statistical methods: Chi-Square test of independence, Mann-Whitney U-test, and as Chi test for equality of proportions between two samples. The research results show that generation Z buys tomatoes once a week or several times a month. Moreover, it was found out that most young consumers are mostly influenced by freshness, taste, quality of tomatoes, and general appearance, the least by packaging, brand/specific tomato grower, information on the packaging and references. According to all observed attributes within the blind testing of tomato by the respondents, the best-evaluated sample was the Slovak sample of tomatoes – the sample B. Subsequently, all respondents were provided with information about the tested tomatoes, and it can be stated that they would also actually buy Slovak sample B in the store. Finally, one can state that the higher price of this sample has no significant impact on the respondents of generation Z.

scholarly journals Responsible Decision making for Sustainable Motivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Blašková ◽  
Irena Figurska ◽  
Ruta Adamoniene ◽  
Kristína Poláčková ◽  
Rudolf Blaško
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Organizational Sustainability ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Empirical Point ◽  
Level Of Significance

This article examines motivation and the quality of decision making’s effect on motivation as important preconditions for organizational sustainability. The article is focused on an examination of the content and intensity of perceived motivation, and the forms of decisions that were made while motivating people. Motivation (from a theoretical and empirical point of view) is related to crucial processes of human potential development and motivation. The analysis, synthesis and generalization of knowledge related to sustainability, motivation and decision making in human potential motivation are presented in the theoretical part of the article. The empirical part presents the results of sociological questionnaire, focusing on the area of decision making in motivation that was carried out on sample of respondents in the Slovak Republic (n = 500), Poland (n = 390) and Lithuania (n = 226). The results confirm a strong correlation between the level of the motivation and the quality of key processes of development of human potential (leadership, appraisal, communication, and the creation of an atmosphere of trust). In all examined countries and processes, the calculated values of the chi-square test were significantly higher than the table value (level of significance = 0.05). The section describing the results contains a proposed content-componential model of decision making in affecting and building sustainable motivation.

The influence of lifestyle on consumer behavior and decision making in research aimed at protein bars

10.5219/1231 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 318-327
Author(s):  
Andrej Géci ◽  
Alexandra Krivošíková ◽  
Ľudmila Nagyová ◽  
Dagmar Cagáňová
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Food Commodity

We live in an era when all circumstances on the market are changing rapidly, which leads consumers (even, if they are not aware of it) to certain behaviour that affects their daily activities. Lifestyle can be described as someone's way of living or the things that a person or a particular group of people usually do. It is included among the modern elements of consumer behaviour and also affects an individual´s decision-making process. The concerns over obesity and dangerous food ingredients have prompted a “healthy lifestyle” to become the latest trend in marketing. Therefore, the regular exercising, the reduction of stress, drinking enough water, and eating nutritious food takes on its importance. The main objective of the paper is to assess the consumer behaviour on the market of a selected food commodity. For this purpose, protein bars, which are part of diet not only of athletes but also of ordinary consumers, have been chosen. To achieve this main goal, a questionnaire was designed and data were collected from the respondents of the different age groups in the Slovak Republic. Based on the primary results, the authors of the paper can claim that more than 60% of the respondents try intentionally to choose better options of food as they want to live healthy. For a deeper analysis, the assumptions were formulated and subsequently verified by the Pearson Chi-square test of independence and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The paper provides useful information on consumer behaviour that can help not only producers and retailers but also to consumers themselves.

scholarly journals Improving the quality of strategic decision-making process in universities through employing expert systems: A case study from a developing country

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Hanaa Ouda Khadri Ahmed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Strategic Goals

Strategic decisions represent the fundamental core of the strategic planning process and strategic management in universities and they are essential in shaping the universities' policies and achieving their strategic goals. Without those strategic decisions, the universities stand unable to achieve their strategic goals and mission; therefore, specialists realized the critical importance of improving the quality of strategic decision-making in the current complex fast-changing environment that its dynamism continuously increases and which is based on the use of cutting-edge information and communications technology (ICT). Undoubtedly strategic decision-making process requires processing a huge amount of information with different robust smart methods and the extensive use of experts knowledge. There are many discussions about the uses and applications of expert systems (ESs), which are evolving rapidly in solving real problems in many fields that require experienced experts with deep sound experiences, and despite these many applications in many different fields and domains. Literature reveals that there is a scarcity of scientific research on how to employ expert systems to raise the quality of strategic decision-making processes in universities. Thus the purpose of the research is to fill this research gap by investigating how expert systems will enhance the quality of the strategic decision-making process in universities. The research design is a case study applied in Ain Shams University as a model of public universities in a developing country. This research makes a new research contribution by suggesting a futuristic proposal for improving the quality of the strategic decision-making process in universities through employing expert systems that are based on the theoretical framework of the research and the results of the field study.

scholarly journals Quality of Business Environment of the SME: A Sectoral View

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Jan Dvorsky ◽  
Jaroslav Belas ◽  
Ivana Novotna ◽  
Martin Fero ◽  
Zora Petrakova
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Commercial Law ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Chi Square Test

The aim of the article is to find out differences in the perception of selected factors that determine the business environment among selected groups of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), divided according to the sector of the national economy they belong to. The first group included SMEs from the sector of transport and services. The second group included SMEs from the construction, manufacturing and agriculture sectors. The questionnaire was completed by 459 SMEs in the Czech and the Slovak Republics. To evaluate the formulated hypotheses, the Chi-square test and the Z-score were used. The case study showed interesting findings. The SMEs in transport and services perceive the competitive environment as more acceptable than the SMEs in construction, manufacturing and agriculture. In addition, the SMEs in transport and services are of the opinion that customers accept prices of their products and services to a greater extent than the SMEs in construction, manufacturing and agriculture. There are also significant differences between selected groups of SMEs in assessing the quality of the judicial system in commercial law and the view that the current level of macroeconomic indicators supports entrepreneurship and creates interesting business opportunities. The national economy sector is not an important criterion in assessing financing, the family environment, R&D infrastructure, the quality of the business environment or the quality of education. The paper brings interesting findings and new incentives for small and medium-sized enterprises; for organizations supporting the business environment; for further research and discussion on the cross-sectoral assessment of the business environment quality and its important factors.

Did Groupthink or Polythink Derail the 2016 Raqqa Offensive?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey Barr ◽  
Alex Mintz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Tactical Decisions

This chapter examines the effect of group dynamics on the 2016 decision within the administration of President Barack Obama to lead the international coalition in a mission to liberate Raqqa, Syria, from the Islamic State. The authors show that whereas the groupthink syndrome characterized the decision-making process of the US-led coalition’s decision to attack Raqqa, it was polythink that characterized the decision-making dynamics both in the US-led coalition and within the inner circle of Obama’s own foreign policy advisors. Through case-study analysis, the authors illustrate that groupthink is more likely in strategic decisions, whereas polythink is more likely in tactical decisions.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiological study of toxoplasmosis in women referred to a pre-marriage counseling center in Alborz Province, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melica Shahighi ◽  
Aliehsan Heidari ◽  
Hossein Keshavarz ◽  
Amir Bairami ◽  
Saeedeh Shojaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives The aim of the current study was to assess prevalence of Toxoplasma infection and its associated risk factors in women of childbearing-age in central Iran. Results Of 400 serum samples assessed for anti-T. gondii antibodies, 81 (20.25%) samples were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies, including 74 positive samples (91.3%) for anti-T. gondii IgG and seven positive samples (8.7%) for IgG and IgM. Of seven IgG and IgM positive samples, five and two samples were high and low in IgG avidity, respectively. Based on PCR analysis, Toxoplasma infection was detected in one sample with anti-T. gondii IgM and low IgG avidity. The Chi-square test showed significant correlations of T. gondii seropositivity with history of undercooked meat consumption and contacts with cats (p < 0.05). In the present study, 79.75% of the participants were negative for IgG against T. gondii infection. Furthermore, recently acquired Toxoplasma infection was found using IgG avidity and PCR assays among women of childbearing-age in the study area, which would increase the risk of their fetus becoming infected. Educational program and antenatal screening of childbearing-age women for T. gondii infection may be important primary prevention strategies and help reduce the risk of congenital toxoplasmosis in this population.

scholarly journals Do Camels (Camelus dromedarius) Need Shaded Areas? A Case Study of the Camel Market in Doha

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
Martina Zappaterra ◽  
Laura Menchetti ◽  
Leonardo Nanni Costa ◽  
Barbara Padalino
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Variable Space ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Sun And Shade ◽  
Poor Welfare ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed at documenting whether dromedary camels have a preference for shade and how their behavior would change depending on the presence of shade and variable space allowance. A total of 421 animals kept in 76 pens (66 with shelter (Group 1), and 10 without shelter (Group 2)) at the camel market in Doha (Qatar) were recorded for 1 min around 11:00 a.m. when the temperature was above 40 °C. The number of animals in the sun and shade and their behaviors were analyzed using an ad libitum sampling method and an ad hoc ethogram. The results of a chi-square test indicated that camels in Group 1 had a clear preference for shade (p < 0.001). The majority of Group 1 camels were indeed observed in the shade (312/421; 74.11%). These camels spent more time in recumbency and ruminating, while standing, walking, and self-grooming were more commonly expressed by the camels in the sun (p < 0.001). Moreover, locomotory stereotypic behaviors (i.e., pacing) increased as space allowance decreased (p = 0.002). Based on the findings of this pilot study, camels demonstrated a preference for shade; shade seemed to promote positive welfare, while overcrowding seemed to trigger stereotypy and poor welfare. Overall, our preliminary results are novel and provide evidence that shaded areas are of paramount importance for camel welfare. Further research, involving designed studies at multiple locations is needed to confirm these results.

scholarly journals Addition of sucrose on cryoprotectant solution of vitrification enhances the quality of Dorper sheep embryos produced in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4257
Author(s):  
Alane Pains Oliveira do Monte ◽  
João Bosco Loiola Filho ◽  
Thais Thatiane Dos Santos Souza ◽  
Mayara De Souza Miranda ◽  
Lívia Correia Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mass Occurrence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Vitrification Solution ◽  
Cryoprotectant Solution ◽  
Pellucid Zone

<p>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adding sucrose in vitrification solution of ovine embryos produced <em>in vivo</em>. Forty Dorper ewes were selected and superovulated. Immediately prior to the embryo collection by laparotomy, a laparoscopy was performed to verify the superovulatory response. The recovered flushing was followed by embryo evaluation and embryos were divided in two experimental groups where embryos from Control group were submitted to a traditional vitrification protocol and embryos from Sucrose group to a modified vitrification protocol with sucrose. After warming, embryos were again divided regarding cryoprotectant removal (Indirect) or not (Direct). The embryo quality was classified as embryos of degrees I (excellent or good), II (regular), III (poor) and IV (dead or degenerate). It was also verified the homogeneity of mass, occurrence of embryonic mass retraction and rupture of pellucid zone. The results were expressed as percentages and were subjected to Chi-square test with P &lt; 0.05. The embryos vitrified in the presence of sucrose had lower proportions of lower-quality embryos after warming (22.20 vs. 44.50%), higher percentages of homogeneous embryos after warming (63.89 vs. 38.89 %) while concerning other parameters there was no difference between these groups. It can be concluded that the addition of 0.4 M sucrose during vitrification improves the embryo quality.</p>

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