scholarly journals Mast cells and pathological process in lungs of rats and mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 6493-2021
Author(s):  
NOMEDA JUODZIUKYNIENE ◽  
ALBINA ANIULIENE ◽  
JURATE SIUGZDAITE ◽  
JUDITA ZYMANTIENE ◽  
VIDA JUOZAITIENE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Mycoplasma Pulmonis ◽  
Rats And Mice

The aim of this study was to evaluate the number of mast cells in healthy and affected lungs of mice and rats and determine histopathological differences of the inflammatory process in the lungs of rats and mice. The lungs of healthy and affected laboratory mice (n = 80) and rats (n = 80) were used for the studies. The histpathological examination of HE slides was performed. The number of mast cells in healthy and affected lungs of mice and rats was calcaluted in Giemsa stained slides. The number of connective tissue mast cells in healthy animals and in areas of lymphoid hyperplasia and bronchiectasis was significantly higher in rats than in mice. Interstitial pneumonia with bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis and atelectasis was more expressed in rats (P = 0.006-0.025) than in mice. Lymphoid tissue hyperplasia in the lungs of mice was found much more intense than in rats (P = 0.011). In affected laboratory mice and rats Mycoplasma pulmonis was identified. Interstitial pneumonia with bronchiolitis and bronchiectasis and atelectasis were more pronounced in rats. In our opinion, because healthy rats have more mast cells in the connective lung tissue and developed more severe pneumonia, they had a higher response of mast cells to the inflammatory process compared to mice. There was a more intense lymphocytic response in the lungs of mice.

scholarly journals Transmission of murine viruses and mycoplasma in laboratory mouse colonies with respect to housing conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix R. Homberger ◽  
Peter E. Thomann
Keyword(s):  
Sendai Virus ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Laboratory Mouse ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Mycoplasma Pulmonis ◽  
Common Criteria ◽  
Encephalomyelitis Virus ◽  
The Common

Pathogen-free sentinel mice were placed in 7 animal rooms with different housing conditions and were serologically screened for antibodies to mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), Sendai virus, reovirus 3, Theiler's mouse encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), ectromelia virus and Mycoplasma pulmonis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, at intervals after introduction. The most commonly detected antibody was against MHV, which was found in mice from 4 rooms, followed by PVM antibody in mice from 3 rooms. Seroconversion to Sendai virus and TMEV was detected in mice from one room each. No seroconversion to any of the antigens was found in 2 rooms. The common criteria of these 2 rooms were that they housed pathogen-free animals from a single source and that the access to the rooms was, purposely or not, restricted to people who had no contact to other mice. The study demonstrated the importance of husbandry and hygienic regimen on the prevalence of infectious agents in laboratory mice.

Lymphocytic infiltrations of the lung

2020 ◽  
pp. 4241-4244
Author(s):  
S. J. Bourke
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade

Lymphocytic infiltrations of the lung arise from the proliferation of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue, resulting in a spectrum of rare conditions ranging from benign polyclonal lymphoid interstitial pneumonia to monoclonal primary malignant lymphomas of the lung. Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia is most commonly seen in Sjögren’s syndrome or other connective tissue diseases, and in association with HIV infection, and is characterized by reticulonodular shadowing on CT imaging and (usually) a good response to corticosteroids. Primary pulmonary lymphomas fall into three categories: lymphomatoid granulomatosis, low-grade B-cell lymphoma, and high-grade B-cell lymphoma. The latter require treatment with cytotoxic drugs and have a poor prognosis.

Lacrimal Gland Orbital Lobe Cysts Associated With Lymphoid Hyperplasia or Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma in Patients With Chronic Autoimmune Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. e59-e62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice E. Dutton ◽  
Elizabeth M. McElnea ◽  
Tal J. Rubinstein ◽  
David S. Curragh ◽  
Penny A. McKelvie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Lacrimal Gland ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Chronic Autoimmune Disease

scholarly journals Sjögren Syndrome Complicated by Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma and Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Ahmed ◽  
Osama Raslan ◽  
Razi Muzaffar ◽  
Nadeem Parkar ◽  
Nitin Marwaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia

Ex vivo development of functional human lymph node and bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue

Blood ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 2483-2489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindra Tirouvanziam ◽  
Ibrahim Khazaal ◽  
Victoire N'Sondé ◽  
Marie-Alix Peyrat ◽  
Annick Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Functional Relations

We introduce a novel in vivo model of human mucosal immunity, based on the implantation of human fetal bronchial mucosa and autologous peribronchial lymph node (PLN) in the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse. In the SCID host, human fetal bronchi implanted alone retain macrophages and mast cells but lose T cells. In contrast, fetal bronchi co-implanted with PLN contain, in addition to macrophages and mast cells, numerous T cells and B cells, often clustered in intramucosal bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). Functionally, bronchus–PLN cografts are able to mount robust αβ and γδ T-cell–mediated immune responses to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 3,4-epoxy-3-methyl-1-butyl-diphosphate challenges. No other autologous lymphoid organ (bone marrow, thymus, liver) allows for BALT development in co-implanted bronchi, which suggests special ontogenetic and functional relations between extramucosal PLN and intramucosal BALT. Overall, the bronchus–PLN cograft appears as a promising model for human bronchial immune development and function. Our study is the first to document long-term ex vivo maintenance of functional human lymph nodes as native appendices to mucosal tissue. Our results, therefore, suggest a simple strategy for developing similar experimental models of human immune function in other mucosae.

Mitogenicity and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasma pulmonis in Rats. I. Atypical Interstitial Pneumonia Induced by Mitogenic Mycoplasmal Membranes

1981 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Naot ◽  
S. Davidson ◽  
E. S. Lindenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Mycoplasma Pulmonis

scholarly journals Psychological Stress, Mast Cells, and Psoriasis—Is There Any Relationship?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13252
Author(s):  
Ewelina Woźniak ◽  
Agnieszka Owczarczyk-Saczonek ◽  
Waldemar Placek
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Skin ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Stress Influences

Psoriasis vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disease with still unknown pathogenesis. In recent years, genetic and environmental factors have been mentioned as the main causes. Among environmental factors, many researchers are trying to investigate the role of mental health and its importance in the development of many diseases. In the pathophysiology of psoriasis, the role of the interaction between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems are often emphasized. So far, no one has clearly indicated where the pathological process begins. One of the hypotheses is that chronic stress influences the formation of hormonal changes (lowering the systemic cortisol level), which favors the processes of autoimmunity. In inflammatory skin conditions, mast cells (MCs) are localized close to blood vessels and peripheral nerves, where they probably play an important role in the response to environmental stimuli and emotional stress. They are usually connected with a fast immune response, not only in allergies but also a protective response to microbial antigens. Among many cells of the immune system, MCs have receptors for the hormones of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis on their surface. In this review, we will try to take a closer look at the role of MCs in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. This knowledge may give the opportunity to search for therapeutic solutions.

scholarly journals The diagnostic challenge of adenocarcinoma in pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2110393
Author(s):  
Anita Savić Vuković ◽  
Melita Kukuljan ◽  
Morana Dinter ◽  
Ksenija Jurinović ◽  
Nives Jonjić
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Marginal Zone ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Immunoglobulin G4 ◽  
Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analyses

Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia is a rare, nonneoplastic lymphoproliferative disorder mostly manifesting as one or more nodules or localized lung infiltrates. The lesion comprises reactive germinal centers with well-preserved mantle zones and sheets of interfollicular mature plasma cells, lymphocytes, histiocytes, and neutrophils. The radiological finding is not specific, and the diagnosis of pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia relies generally on pathohistological and immunohistochemical analyses. The most important differential diagnoses are extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and immunoglobulin G4–related sclerosing disease. Nonetheless, we present a case of pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in a 69-year-old woman with the diagnostic challenge of cytological atypia in alveolar spaces inside the lymphoid tissue, coexisting with the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the lepidic pattern. Therefore, this case highlights the importance of identifying these rare benign and reactive lymphoproliferative diseases given the risk of developing not only lymphoma but also carcinoma.

scholarly journals Alteration in the Lipid Profile and the Desaturases Activity in Patients With Severe Pneumonia by SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Pérez-Torres ◽  
Verónica Guarner-Lans ◽  
Elizabeth Soria-Castro ◽  
Linaloe Manzano-Pech ◽  
Adrián Palacios-Chavarría ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

The kidnapping of the lipid metabolism of the host’s cells by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) allows the virus to transform the cells into optimal machines for its assembly and replication. Here we evaluated changes in the fatty acid (FA) profile and the participation of the activity of the desaturases, in plasma of patients with severe pneumonia by SARS-CoV-2. We found that SARS-CoV-2 alters the FA metabolism in the cells of the host. Changes are characterized by variations in the desaturases that lead to a decrease in total fatty acid (TFA), phospholipids (PL) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs). These alterations include a decrease in palmitic and stearic acids (p ≤ 0.009) which could be used for the formation of the viral membranes and for the reparation of the host’s own membrane. There is also an increase in oleic acid (OA; p = 0.001) which could modulate the inflammatory process, the cytokine release, apoptosis, necrosis, oxidative stress (OS). An increase in linoleic acid (LA) in TFA (p = 0.03) and a decreased in PL (p = 0.001) was also present. They result from damage of the internal mitochondrial membrane. The arachidonic acid (AA) percentage was elevated (p = 0.02) in the TFA and this can be participated in the inflammatory process. EPA was decreased (p = 0.001) and this may decrease of pro-resolving mediators with increase in the inflammatory process. The total of NEFAs (p = 0.03), PL (p = 0.001), cholesterol, HDL and LDL were decreased, and triglycerides were increased in plasma of the COVID-19 patients. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 alters the FA metabolism, the changes are characterized by alterations in the desaturases that lead to variations in the TFA, PL, and NEFAs profiles. These changes may favor the replication of the virus but, at the same time, they are part of the defense system provided by the host cell metabolism in its eagerness to repair damage caused by the virus to cell membranes.

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