scholarly journals ILMU ḤUḌŪRĪ Khazanah Epistemologi Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-120
Author(s):  
Saidurrahman Saidurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Phenomenal Knowledge ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Existentialist Philosophy ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Knowledge of the presence (ḥuḍūrī) with mystical experience as describe above is deemed the most popular models of knowledge in Islamic philosophy at the same coloring methodology and epistemology of Islam. Through logical arguments, semantic analysis and epistemo¬logy sharp Suhrawardī considered very successfully demonstrate authenticity huduri science as a science model of non-representational. Among the classical epistemological problems that have not been resolved until now -but able to be dissected in clear and distinct- is about the relationship of subject and object of knowledge, that is the problem more acute in modern Western philosophy. What is interesting is when when to review the issues very carefully and consistently Mehdi directing and bringing the students (who interest in Islamic philosophy) into the recesses of the inner world and the dialogue with the depth of their own existence. It is undeniable that Ha'iri Mehdi Yazdi take existentialist philosophy illumination Suhrawardī and MullaṢadrā as a main reference, as he learned the lesson of Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus, Ibn Sīnā, and al-Ṭūsī, citing the idea of a number of Western philosophers were actually familiar with the science huduri that he wanted to offer. However unique, he expertly directs their ideas to the conclusion that it is inevitable for us to acknowledge the existence of non - phenomenal knowledge. Abstrak:Pengetahuan dengan kehadiran (ḥuḍūrī) dibarengai pengalaman mistik seperti yang paprkan diatas dipandang model pengetahuan yang paling populer dalam filsafat Islam sekaligus mewarnai metodologi dan epistemologi Islam. Melalui argumen-argumen logis, analisis semantik dan epistemologi yang tajam Suhrawardī dipandang sangat berhasil mendemonstrasikan keautentikan ilmu huduri sebagai sebuah model ilmu non-representasional. Diantara problem-problem klasik episte-mologis yang belum terselesaikan hingga kini—tetapi mampu dibedah secara clear dan distink—adalah tentang hubungan subjek dan objek pengetahuan, yang problemnya makin akut dalam filsafat Barat modern. Yang menarik adalah ketika ketika mengulas masalah-masalah itu Mehdi sangat cermat dan konsisten mengarahkan dan membawa para murid-muridnya (peminat filsafat Islam) memasuki relung-relung dunia batin dan berdialog dengan kedalaman eksistensi mereka sendiri. Tak dapat dipungkiri bahwa Mehdi Ha’iri Yazdi mengambil filsafat iluminasi Suhrawardī dan eksistensialis MullaṢadrā sebagai acuan utamanya, seraya memetik pelajaran dari Plato, aristoteles, Plotinus, Ibn Sīnā, dan al-Ṭūsī, mengutip gagasan sejumlah filosof Barat yang sebetulnya asing dengan ilmu ḥuḍūrī yang hendak ia tawarkan. Akan tetapi uniknya, dengan piawai ia mengarahkan gagasan-gagasan mereka kepada penarik¬an kesimpulan bahwa adalah tak terelakkan bagi kita untuk mengakui eksistensi pengetahuan non-fenomenal itu. Keywords: ilmu ḥuḍūrī, khazanah, epistemologi, cogito ergo sum, atheisme.

Rudolf Otto and the Limits of Religious Description

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Philip Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Religious Language ◽  
Karl Barth ◽  
Friedrich Schleiermacher ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Numinous Experience ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In a recent study entitled ‘Numinous Experience and Religious Language’, Dr Leon Schlamm has endorsed Rudolf Otto's well known and much discussed account of the relationship of religious experience to religious language, and then used this position to criticize some highly influential voices in the continuing debate on the precise nature of mystical experience. The aim of this paper, in response to Schlamm, is to question the plausibility of Otto's account in The Idea of the Holy of the nature of religious knowledge and his closely related understanding of the relationship between religious experience (or as he prefers, numinous experience) and religious language. By implication, this also calls into question Schlamm's use of Otto's position in his criticism of those writers on mysticism that he takes issue with, chiefly Steven Katz and those who propose an essentially Kantian interpretation of mysticism. However, for the most part I shall leave the contemporary debate on mysticism unaddressed, though my comments do have a bearing on it. If there is a wider target, it is chiefly those interpreters of religion, like Schlamm, who conceive of the relationship of religious experience (or the religious object itself) and religious language in essentially the same way as Otto. One thinks immediately here of Friedrich Schleiermacher, whom Otto admired greatly, and who stands in the same Liberal Protestant tradition. Also Karl Barth, who ironically, for all his strictures of Liberal Protestantism, actually propounded a view of the meaning and nature of religious language which is remarkably similar to the views of both Schleiermacher and Otto; at least at the beginning of his theological career, in his famous commentary on Romans: all that talk of God as ‘the inexpressible’ and ‘the Wholly Other’. In addition one could mention those classical texts of Hinduism and Buddhism, which like many contemporary writers on mysticism (e.g. the late Deirdre Green), conceive of mystical experience and the truth which it reveals as ‘beyond the scope of discursive thought, language and empirical activity’.

scholarly journals Gnosis and metacognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Michail Murashkin
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Self Control ◽  
True State ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Divine Transcendence ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with gnosis and features of metacognition. Initially, the Gnostics considered whether the term "gnosis" was used, what knowledge did they gain from certain experiences. The subject matter of the study reveals important features of the human psyche. For example, the property of separating one’s self from the external environment is like seeing oneself from the side. This property empowers a person in communicating with other people. This expanded opportunity purifies the human being, because it leads to self-control. During vegetable growing, conditions of a special nature can be experienced by themselves. The Gnostics also spoke about it.The article states that the philosophy of gnosis operates through belief in the special inner world of man, the higher world. But this higher can only be felt when a person is in a state of enstasis as a compensatory trance.The article compares the gnosis of the ancient world with modern philosophical trends. Here, in the descriptions of the inner world of man, the divine transcendence is demonstrated. In this regard, the Gnostics sought knowledge of the true state of mind. This search is engaged in metacognition.The author of the article considers it necessary to clarify what metacognition is. A person has the ability to understand what he or she is thinking. Scientists call it metacognition. Metacognition is when a person feels the world not through the prism of his thoughts, but directly. We can also see this in Gnostics with deep compensatory enstasis, or compensatory trance. Then the person stands apart, because it breaks all the wrong connections. Gnosis tries to capture the knowledge of all these processes. Metacognition helps to establish certain characteristics of compensatory trance, to establish characteristics of compensatory illumination. Compensatory illumination may occur in a state of a particular type of trance. Therefore, the article tries to look at the relationship of compensatory trance and compensatory illumination.

scholarly journals The Importance of This and That: Reflections on Context in Early Islamic Philosophy

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
Phil Enns
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Contemporary Situation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Early Islamic

The discussion over the relationship between what is true globally and what is true locally is not new. It might be helpful, therefore, to consider issues surrounding the relationship between globalization and local values in light of previous forms of this discussion. To this end, I would like to reflect on the discussion of context in the writings of al-Farabi, Ibn Sina and al-Ghazali. To focus this paper, I will consider only three issues, namely that of history, science and the role of reason in religion. I will argue that al-Farabi and Ibn Sina present an account of context that begins with experience as a foundation and then moves to the universal, emphasizing the importance of tradition, demonstration and rationality. Against these two, al-Ghazali argues for the importance of leaving behind experience in order to reach that which is certain, emphasizing the supernatural, intuition and mystical. My goal is to draw out some implications these writers recognized followed from their often dense and esoteric discussions of the nature of particulars and universals, and conclude with some suggestions for our contemporary situation.

scholarly journals The Semantics of Participation in the Russian Language as a Reflection of the Cultural Universal «Own/Foreign» Concept and the «West/East» Opposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1538-1546
Author(s):  
Igor Kim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The West ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Empirical Material

This paper deals with the issues of an important ethnic trait through the reflection in the Russian language and in the speech behavior of native speakers. This trait is focused around the need for actualization of «participation» or complicity in speech and social behavior as an invisible connection established in the inner world of the subject of the relationship of participation with other persons, animals, objects, spatial and social objects and even eras and ideas. The developed semantics of participation in the Russian language reflects the cultural universal concept of «own/foreign». L. Levy-Bruhl studied one member of that opposition theoretically and on the basis of extensive empirical material created the anthropological theory of participation. Russian linguists V. V. Ivanov, Yu. D. Apresyan, V. S. Khrakovsky and A. P. Volodin, I. I. Kovtunova studied concepts associated with the notion of participation in the mid‑1980s using the material of Russian deixis and the category of possessiveness. In the Russian language, the semantics of participation is expressed by various linguistic means: the means of verbal and pronominal deixis, diminutives, possessive syntactic constructions and affixes, words with the semantics of emotional attitude and assistance

Orientalism and Islamic philosophy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ubai Nooruddin
Keyword(s):  
Important Work ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Orientalism is the concept that there is something very special and different about the thought of those living in the East, which can be discovered through the methods of scholarship current in the West. It is a reflection of the relationship of imperial and intellectual domination of a West which feels it is superior to an ‘inferior’ East. This often results in an understanding of Islamic philosophy which sees the latter as essentially unoriginal, derivative and of only historical interest. While orientalists have produced interesting and important work, most fail to appreciate the independent status of the material which they analyse.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri Di Meubel Aluminium UD La Tahzan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Bella Amellia ◽  
Gunung Setiadi ◽  
Arifin Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Knowledge of the Use of Personal Protective Equipment in UD La Tahzan Aluminum Furniture in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. The results of the preliminary survey showed that there were 50% of 10 aluminum furniture workers who knew the importance of the benefits and uses of personal protective equipment and 50% knew less. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledge with the use of personal protective equipment at UD La Tahzan aluminum furniture in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. The research method used was an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study amounted to 35 people. Data analysis using X2 (Chi square) test.The results of the study showed that there were 24 people who had poor knowledge there were 23 people who did not use personal protective equipment. Statistical test results (p = 0.007) means that there is a relationship of knowledge with the use of personal protective equipment at UD La Tahzan aluminum furniture in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. Suggestions for future researchers to measure lighting, noise especially the work climate because it is one of the factors that might influence the use of personal protective equipment.

scholarly journals RELASI GENDER DALAM KAJIAN ISLAM “THE TAO OF ISLAM, KARYA SACHIKO MURATA”

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Atika Zuhrotus Sufiyana
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Divine Command ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Yin And Yang ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe

Listened more closely, Sachiko's cosmological and theological approach of murata flourished from the view of men and women, the word of Allah: "and everything we created in pairs". Couples who are often called dalm al-Qur'an that can be interpreted as a picture of the cosmos is the sky and earth. A number of verses imply that everything in the universe is covered by both of these. In this discussion, we can find the special feature of Sachiko Murata's thinking lies in the approach that uses cosmological and theological approach, followed by Chinese cosmology which focuses on the thinking of Chinese and Islamic philosophy which depicts the universe within the boundaries of Yin and Yang principles. In an easily digestible language, Sachiko murata attempts to analyze gender relations through cosmological theory in Islam, by emphasizing the concept of Tajalliyat Ibn 'Arabi, which is similar to Emotion's emancipation theory. In the Qur'an, there are 99 names of Allah that show these two attributes. He concludes that the Feminine Masculine mapping of gender differences of identity when associated with God as a source of human and natural existence, then every human being has masculine and feminism, as the phenomenon of day and night, darkness, and so on.The product of his thinking about gender relations became clearer, when Sachiko murdered the argument in the form of an analogy of the creation of the heavens and the earth (male and female relationships such as the relationship of heaven and earth), the degree of men to women and in marriage, all of which came from reality cosmology. A woman in relation to a man is like Nature in relation to divine command, because woman is the locus for the existence of children. Nature in relation to the divine command is the locus of the embodiment for the entities of the physical bodies. Through the laws of nature they are born and from themselves they become manifest. There is no command without the laws of nature and there is no law of nature without command. Understanding the degree of men over women, men are superior to one level above women in terms of cosmological justification, not merely based on the text of the Qur'an. While the woman's degree is elevated when the position of women as the recipient of the activity of men, means women have the advantage over the uterus as a manifestation of the survival of natural reproduction and women are made alluring so that men give love, affection to women because women are part of men. Here is where God makes men and women equal in the case of Shari'a.

scholarly journals ‘Alaqat Dilaliyyah baina Alfaz al-Ruh wa al-Nafs wa al-Qalb fi al-Qur’an al-Karim

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-227
Author(s):  
Ahmad Abdullah ◽  
Ulfah Luthfyatunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Verification Method ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Educational Inclusion ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to know the verses of using the terms spirit, soul, and heart in the Holy Quran, knowing its lexical and contextual meanings, knowing the relationship of its significance, and knowing the educational inclusion of its significance. This research is based on thinking that the words in the Qur'an have a semantic and contextual relationship and the educational inclusion of the meanings of the words soul, soul and heart in it depends on the science of Islamic education. As for the method used in this research, it is the method for analyzing the content with a semantic analysis, whereby the research is directed to analyzing the meanings of words. As for the entry in this research, it is the qualitative entry. By not researching the writer, we obtained the results from it. In the verses that contain the words of the soul, the soul, the heart and the like there are many, and each of its words has different meanings. The writers found the educational inclusion of the use of the words of soul, soul and title, which includes a method of Islamic education, which is the method of abandonment, sweetening, manifestation and the method of attachment, creation, verification, method of worship and the method of supplication, remembrance.

scholarly journals Encounters with Ultimacy?: Autobiographical and Critical Perspectives in the Academic Study of Religion

Open Theology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-372
Author(s):  
Paul Hedges
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Linguistic Power ◽  
Rudolf Otto ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Critical Perspectives ◽  
Academic Study

Abstract “Ultimacy,” it is argued, is not an area that academic studies in theology nor the study of religion can properly investigate; nevertheless, it is also illegitimate to argue therefore that claims to it are simply linguistic power plays. Using an autobiographical methodology, the author explores how their own “imagined” “mystical” experience and scholarly studies may shed light on approaching the study of religious experience, noting particularly work by Rudolf Otto, Robert Sharf, Gregory Shushan, and Ann Taves. Reflections are offered on studying religious experience, approaching ultimacy, and the relationship of theological and religious studies. Moreover, some critical and decolonial perspectives are brought to bear both on the author’s own work, academic studies, and contemporary debates around studying what may be termed “mysticism” or religious experience. The author also argues that the autobiographical and reflexive model offered herein may be a useful perspective for scholarship in the study of religion.

scholarly journals Absorption, Mentalizing, and Mysticism: Sensing the Presence of the Divine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Joseph Coleman ◽  
James Edward Bartlett ◽  
Jenny Holcombe ◽  
Sally B. Swanson ◽  
Andrew Ross Atkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Spiritual Practice ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Extraordinary Experiences ◽  
Mystical Experiences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Research suggests trait absorption, individual differences in Theory of Mind (ToM), and orthopraxical training are important for explaining a variety of extraordinary experiences typically associated with religion. However, no studies exist quantifying ToM ability or testing its relationship with trait absorption in the prediction of what is arguably the most ubiquitous type of extraordinary experience—the mystical experience. To address this, two exploratory studies were conducted using a sample of meditators (N = 269) and undergraduate students (N = 123). In study one, regression analyses revealed weekly religious/spiritual practice, absorption, and mentalizing predict increased mystical experiences. Moreover, moderation analysis indicated the absorption-mysticism relationship is stronger among individuals with lower mentalizing ability. Study two only replicated the relationship of absorption and weekly practice with mysticism. These studies highlight the robust contribution of absorption in mystical experiences and suggest a more dynamic role for mentalizing than is accounted for in the current literature.

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