scholarly journals The Semantics of Participation in the Russian Language as a Reflection of the Cultural Universal «Own/Foreign» Concept and the «West/East» Opposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1538-1546
Author(s):  
Igor Kim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The West ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Empirical Material

This paper deals with the issues of an important ethnic trait through the reflection in the Russian language and in the speech behavior of native speakers. This trait is focused around the need for actualization of «participation» or complicity in speech and social behavior as an invisible connection established in the inner world of the subject of the relationship of participation with other persons, animals, objects, spatial and social objects and even eras and ideas. The developed semantics of participation in the Russian language reflects the cultural universal concept of «own/foreign». L. Levy-Bruhl studied one member of that opposition theoretically and on the basis of extensive empirical material created the anthropological theory of participation. Russian linguists V. V. Ivanov, Yu. D. Apresyan, V. S. Khrakovsky and A. P. Volodin, I. I. Kovtunova studied concepts associated with the notion of participation in the mid‑1980s using the material of Russian deixis and the category of possessiveness. In the Russian language, the semantics of participation is expressed by various linguistic means: the means of verbal and pronominal deixis, diminutives, possessive syntactic constructions and affixes, words with the semantics of emotional attitude and assistance

scholarly journals On Adjectival Attributives Blood, Direct, Peaceful as Components of Archaic Nominations of Friends

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Tatyana Leontyeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Spiritual Intimacy ◽  
Class Identification ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Over Time ◽  
National Corpus

The article discusses the changes in collocability of the word friend over time. It notes that the works by A.S. Pushkin contain the forms, unexpected for the perception of the native speakers of the modern Russian language: blood friends, direct friend, peaceful friends. The analysis of the specified attributive combinations is carried out applying definitional, contextual, linguocultural analysis methods. The text material from the National Corpus of the Russian language is used. It is proved that the expression "blood friends" could denote "people connected by strong friendship" and "people of the same class". Physical kinship criterion has been proved to serve as a basis for cognitive understanding of spiritual intimacy and social class identification. However, the connection between primary and secondary semantics is not so direct here; it is mediated by the cultural layer – the custom of twinning, a form of artificial relationship noted among many peoples. Most examples of the usage of the phrase "direct friend" mean 'express your opinion to someone honestly, directly'. The expression "peaceful friends" is interpreted as based on a doubling of the meaning 'in a relationship of agreement'. The research results can be used in compiling dictionaries of the Russian language, and also in teaching linguistic disciplines.

scholarly journals On the problem of typological research of the Russian phonetic system in a linguodidactic context

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Е.Л. Бархударова
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Foreign Accent ◽  
Language Background ◽  
Sound Structure ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

В основе разработки курсов практической фонетики, адресованных иноязычной аудитории, лежит анализ типологического своеобразия фонетической системы изучаемого языка в контексте лингводидактики. К числу важных направлений типологического исследования звукового строя русского языка следует отнести, во-первых, изучение соотношения консонантизма и вокализма в его фонетической системе на иноязычном фоне, во-вторых, – анализ позиционных закономерностей русской фонетической системы в сопоставлении с функционированием звуковых единиц в типологически разных языках. В позиционных закономерностях звукового строя языка наиболее ярко проявляется его идиоматичность: в каждом языке позиционные закономерности носят специфический характер и определяются соотношением парадигматики и синтагматики звуковых единиц. Большое число фонологически значимых отклонений в иностранном акценте обусловлено интерферирующим воздействием позиционных закономерностей родного языка на русскую речь учащихся. The development of practical phonetics courses addressed to a foreign audience is based on the analysis of the typological features of the phonetic system of the target language in the context of linguodidactics. It is necessary to designate two important areas of typological research of the sound structure of the Russian language: the study of the relationship of consonantism and vocalism in its phonetic system against a foreign language background and the analysis of positional rules of the Russian phonetic system in comparison with the functioning of sound units in typologically different languages. Idiomatic character of the language is most clearly manifested in the positional patterns of its sound structure. In each language, positional patterns are specific and are determined by the dominance of paradigmatic or syntagmatic relations of sound units. A large number of phonologically significant deviations in a foreign accent are due to the interfering influence of the positional laws of the native language on the Russian speech of students.

scholarly journals ABBREVIATION IN THE SPEAKER’S GRAMMAR: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
E.N. Guts ◽  
◽  
D.V. Plotnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
School Students ◽  
Linguistic Sign ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article presents the results of a directed associative experiment carried out with high school students of secondary schools. The purpose of the article is to reveal the relationship between the structural and semantic features of the utterance and the strategies of the respondents’ choice of a linguistic sign (word/abbreviation) in the context of a directed associative experiment. The analysis of the experimental material made it possible to draw conclusions about the peculiarities of using the initial abbreviation as an associate; about the possibility of the abbreviation of stable and individual, situational associative links; about the strategies for choosing a linguistic sign (words, abbreviations, phrases) depending on the semantics of the reference word and the type of grammatical structure of the experimental sentence; on the consolidation of initial abbreviations in the linguistic consciousness of native speakers of the Russian language, which is associated with the strengthening of the law of economy of linguistic means in modern speech communication.

scholarly journals Dialectal vocabulary of labour activities of the people residing on the banks of the Nepryadva River

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
N. A. Krasovskaya ◽  
L. V. Kilmamatova
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
The People ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Professional Occupation ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Poultry Farming

The main goal of this article is to draw readers' attention to the dialectal vocabulary, which belongs to the thematic group of labour. Dialectal vocabulary is most often associated with historical facts, it reflects the traditional worldview of a person, his/her system of values. The article considers lexical units that were recorded on a territory rich in its historical and cultural past. This article is devoted to the analysis of dialectal vocabulary, reflecting labour activity and professional occupation of people living in the basin of the upper reaches of the Nepryadva River. Since ancient times, the population of this region was engaged in various activities and crafts. The thematic group “Labour activity” comprises a whole complex of subgroups that have repeatedly become the subject of consideration by linguists. In the framework of the article, the authors focus on the lexical empirical material that exists in the Tula group of dialects. They analyze a particular part of lexis that reflects important areas of human activity, such as field cultivation, gardening, horticulture, animal husbandry, poultry farming. As a result of the study, it is concluded that the dialectal vocabulary of the specified thematic group is a system, and the selected empirical material makes it possible to see the identity in the dialects of the studied settlements and certain differences. It should be emphasized that, despite the persistent tendency to leveling, dialectal lexical units related to the thematic group of labour continue to exist in modern dialects of the Russian language. The considered lexical units and samples of dialectal professional discourse require further scientific consideration.

scholarly journals Aspects of Considering the Phenomenon of Connotation: Lacunarity and Emotional Valency

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-112
Author(s):  
N. N. Kislitsyna ◽  
S. G. Agapova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linear Graphs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theses And Dissertations

The features of the connotation phenomenon in the aspect of the theory of lacunarity and the concept of emotional valency are considered. The result of the analysis of synchronized databases of reference information systems “Scientific electronic library of Theses and Dissertations”, “Electronic library of dissertations”, “Man and science” and “Library of dissertations” for the study of the connotation phenomenon is presented. A dissertation catalog has been compiled, including 184 works in which the subject, object or separate issue under consideration is connotation, a graphical explication of the results of the content analysis of these dissertations is presented, and the analytical and prognostic potential of the developed linear graphs is described. Extensional and intensional directions of the study of connotation, as well as their fluctuations, are shown. The source of illustrative material was the parallel sub-corpus (English) of the National Corps of the Russian Language. The question of the relationship of the emotional coloring of the word and emotional connotation is considered. It is stated that the study of connotation as a multidimensional phenomenon requires an integrative approach and the convergence of humanitarian and natural sciences. It is concluded that the use of the theory of lacunarity with respect to the study of the connotation of linguistic units seems promising, allowing to systematize the concept of the phenomenon of connotation in the framework of modern linguistics.

scholarly journals Gnosis and metacognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Michail Murashkin
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Self Control ◽  
True State ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Divine Transcendence ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with gnosis and features of metacognition. Initially, the Gnostics considered whether the term "gnosis" was used, what knowledge did they gain from certain experiences. The subject matter of the study reveals important features of the human psyche. For example, the property of separating one’s self from the external environment is like seeing oneself from the side. This property empowers a person in communicating with other people. This expanded opportunity purifies the human being, because it leads to self-control. During vegetable growing, conditions of a special nature can be experienced by themselves. The Gnostics also spoke about it.The article states that the philosophy of gnosis operates through belief in the special inner world of man, the higher world. But this higher can only be felt when a person is in a state of enstasis as a compensatory trance.The article compares the gnosis of the ancient world with modern philosophical trends. Here, in the descriptions of the inner world of man, the divine transcendence is demonstrated. In this regard, the Gnostics sought knowledge of the true state of mind. This search is engaged in metacognition.The author of the article considers it necessary to clarify what metacognition is. A person has the ability to understand what he or she is thinking. Scientists call it metacognition. Metacognition is when a person feels the world not through the prism of his thoughts, but directly. We can also see this in Gnostics with deep compensatory enstasis, or compensatory trance. Then the person stands apart, because it breaks all the wrong connections. Gnosis tries to capture the knowledge of all these processes. Metacognition helps to establish certain characteristics of compensatory trance, to establish characteristics of compensatory illumination. Compensatory illumination may occur in a state of a particular type of trance. Therefore, the article tries to look at the relationship of compensatory trance and compensatory illumination.

scholarly journals BODY PART NOUN GROUPS WITH SPATIAL MEANINGS IN LINGUISTIC WORLD PICTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Т.Е. Чаплыгина
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
World Picture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language

В статье рассматриваются особенности выражения пространственных отношений именными локативными группами с названиями частей тела. Анализ показал, что выбор предлогов в или на при выражении пространственных отношений существительными, называющими части тела, в большой степени обусловлен особенностями восприятия мира носителями русского языка. The article touches upon the subject of spatial relations expressed by means of body part names in Russian language. The research demonstrated, that the choice of prepositions v (in) or na (on) when expressing spatial relations with body part names is largely due to the peculiarities of the perception of the world by native speakers of the Russian language.

scholarly journals Regularities of mastering the accent of the Russian language of bilingual students

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
M.I. Shurpaeva
Keyword(s):  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Bilingual Students ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Selection Of

The article deals with the specifics of mastering the accentological norms of the Russian language of bilingual students. The regularities of assimilation of stress associated with the peculiarities of the native language and the properties of Russian stress. Types of exercises and tasks for development of skills of selection of shock syllable, assimilation of formative and semantic functions of stress are offered. The necessity of taking into account the relationship of phonetics, grammar and vocabulary in the process of assimilating the norms of stress bilingual students.

scholarly journals Text in the system of development of native and foreign speech activity: the relationship of the linguistic base of education in school and HEI

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Speech Activity ◽  
School Programs ◽  
The University ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article deals with the problem of interrelation of linguistic base of development of native and foreign speech activity of schoolchildren and students. The authors identify the actual difficulties experienced by Chinese students in mastering the Russian language at an advanced stage in the University, and justify the assumption that one of the reasons for difficulties in the creation of a complete text is in the margin of the linguistic base (insufficient information about the text) development of native language activity in the school to the needs of foreign language teaching at the University . In search of the reason, the authors carry out a comparative analysis of school programs in the native language of the two countries - Ukraine and China – and provide an opportunity for the pedagogical community to get acquainted with the content of training on the development of speech activity, with the structure of programs in order to understand and choose a more effective way of building the program and filling it with the necessary content from the field of linguistics of the text. This information, according to scientists, is the basis for the development of both native and foreign speech. Strengthening the school base for the development of a speech activity in the field of the native language will contribute to the transfer of knowledge and skills from the field of the native language to the field of foreign language and, thus, overcome the difficulties in mastering the ability to create a complete text in a foreign language, since the laws of construction of the text are similar in different languages. The continuity of knowledge between the links of the educational system in this aspect is an important condition for the effectiveness of mastering communicative competence, and its observance is the care of the compilers of programs and textbooks.

scholarly journals The specifics of the use of the pronoun pair sei — onyi in the works of M.V.Lomonosov

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-620
Author(s):  
Anna S. Smirnova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
The Body ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

Based on the National corpus data of the Russian language and especially on Mikhail Lomonosov’s texts, the article focuses on a pronoun pair sei — onyi. In the Church Slavonic and in the Middle Russian language these pronouns were used in the deictic and substitution (anaphoric) function. The pronoun pair sei and onyi in a phrase or period indicates a juxtaposition or opposition of objects and these pronouns are used in a substitution function. Closer attention to these pronouns in Lomonosov’s works and translations makes it possible to notice one feature that is not fixed in dictionaries and grammars, the peculiarity of using this pair of pronouns in anaphoric function: sei replaces the last (nearest) mentioned object and onyi replaces the first mentioned one. Rare examples of such use are also found in the translated texts of the Church Slavonic and Middle Russian corpus. Similar examples are found in the body of Lomonosov’s texts not only in his translated texts, but also in his self-translations and own Russian works (in prose and poetry). As the examples illustrate, the use of the pronominal pair sei — onyi in Lomonosov’s texts was influenced by the pronominal pair hic — ille in the classical Latin. By borrowing and developing the Latin model of pronouns Lomonosov sought to combine the Russian language with the Latin element in order to show the relationship of the Russian language with the ancient one and their cultural equality.

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