Unmet Need for Family Planning Contraceptive Methods among Mothers Attending Family Health Centers at Ismailia City

Abstract Despite persistent efforts, unmet need for contraceptives in India has declined only slightly from 14% to 13% between 2005–06 and 2015–16. Many women using a family planning method discontinue it without switching to another method and continue to have unmet need. This study quantified the share of current unmet need for modern contraceptive methods attributed to past users of these methods in India. Data were drawn from two rounds of the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2005–06 and 2015–16. Using information on women with current unmet need, and whether they used any modern method in the past, the share of past users with current unmet need for modern methods was calculated. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Among 46 million women with unmet need, 11 million were past users of modern methods in 2015–16. The share of current unmet need attributed to past users of modern contraceptive methods declined from 27% in 2005–06 to 24% in 2015–16. Share of current unmet need attributed to past users was associated with reversible method use. This share rose with increased use of modern reversible methods. With the Indian family planning programme’s focus on increasing modern reversible method use, the share of unmet need attributed to past users of modern methods is likely to increase in the future. The programme’s emphasis on continuation of contraceptive use, along with bringing in new users, could be one of the key strategies for India to achieve the FP2020 goals.

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Improving sexual and reproductive health knowledge and practice in Mozambican families with media campaign and volunteer family health champions

Family Medicine and Community Health ◽

10.1136/fmch-2018-000089 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. e000089

Author(s):

Paulo Henrique Pires ◽

Ronald Siemens ◽

Martins Mupueleque

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Family Health ◽

Media Campaign ◽

Planning Practice ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Before And After

ObjectiveTo increase knowledge, attitudes and practice of sexual and reproductive health and family planning and to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality rates in Mozambique.DesignAn implementation research project’s intermediate evaluation, applying two cross-sectional surveys. The surveys were planned for 316 subjects before and after interventions.SettingResearch performed in Natikiri district of Nampula province in northern Mozambique, targeting a suburban and rural populations in their homes.Participants452 people were surveyed (91 before, 361 after), all belonging to the Macua ethnic group.InterventionsA media campaign (2 weekly radio spots, bimonthly theatre performances) was performed for 8 months (2017 to 2018) and family health champions’ teachings (monthly home visits) performed for 3 months, on sexual and reproductive health and family planning. Outcome measures planned and measured were adolescent’s and adult’s knowledge, attitudes and practice about those. Data were analysed by gender, age group and frequencies, using a CI of 95% (p<0.5 statistically significant).ResultsRadio spots, community theatre and volunteer champions increased population’s knowledge about sexual and reproductive health and led to a more positive attitude toward family planning. Concerning attitude, results show differences between adults’ proportions before and after: (1) did you hear about sexual and reproductive health (p=0.0425); (2) knows project key messages (p<0.001); (3) knows prenatal visits importance (p=0.0301); (4) access to contraceptives was easy (p<0.001). Adolescents showed statistically significant differences before and after: (1) knows project key messages (p<0.001); (2) access to contraceptives was easy (p=0.0361). Family planning practice did not increase in both groups.ConclusionA health education intervention, using a media campaign and local volunteers, is useful to promote mother and child health. There is an unmet need for family planning and the use of modern contraception is below desired practice, needing further research about cultural barriers. Communication for behaviour change activities will pursue and impact will be assessed to document family planning practice improvement.

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Factors that affect the discontinuation of family planning methods in Myanmar: analysis of the 2015–16 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey

Contraception and Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s40834-020-00126-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Khaing Nwe Tin ◽

Thae Maung Maung ◽

Thiri Win

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Family Planning ◽

Health Survey ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Unplanned Pregnancies ◽

Contraceptive Discontinuation ◽

Voluntary Choice

Abstract Background Access to family planning contributes up to a 44% reduction in maternal deaths. Since the majority of unplanned pregnancies and abortions occur in women who were either not using contraception or not using it consistently, greater access to contraception and more consistent use of contraception are crucial in the reduction of unplanned pregnancies and abortions. This study aims to determine which types of contraceptives are most often discontinued, the reasons for discontinuation, and the factors that influence contraceptive discontinuation for women in Myanmar. Methods This study is a secondary data analysis of calendar data from the 2015–16 Myanmar Demographic Health Survey. The dependent variable is discontinuation of contraception within 12 months among episodes of contraceptive use in the 5 years before the survey among women age 15–49. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of contraceptive discontinuation. Results The 12-month discontinuation rate for all contraceptive methods was 39%. The discontinuation rates for short-term methods were remarkably high (43% for pills and 42% for injectables), while the rate for long-term methods was very low (7% for intrauterine devices and 0.2% for implants). Discontinuation while still in need of contraception was high (55%) although 28% of those women switched to other modern methods. Multivariable logistic regression showed the factors associated with contraceptive discontinuation were a woman’s age, location (state/region), wealth, and number of births within the past 5 years. Conclusions The high rate of discontinuation while in need is very alarming given goals to reduce the unmet need for family planning in Myanmar. Family planning programs must ensure timely, informed method-switching by women who discontinue contraception, especially among women for whom discontinuation is the highest (age 45–49, middle and richest wealth quintile, regions where high discontinuation and multiparity); increase the availability of long-term contraceptive methods, and improve counseling that ensures clients’ informed and voluntary choice of family planning services.

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Awareness and practice of contraceptive methods among women in Kerala, India

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20181343 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 1501 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anila Tresa Alukal ◽

Lissiamma George ◽

Resmy C. Raveendran

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Unmet Need ◽

World Population ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Barrier Method ◽

Medical College ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Government

Background: India is the second most populous country in the world, sustaining 17.01% of world population on 2.4% of world’s surface area. Indian women have more children than desired and often too close together. Family Planning can have a positive impact on population growth, maternal mortality, and infant and new-born outcomes. In spite of availability of wide range of contraceptives, the unmet need for family planning is estimated to be 12.8%. The purpose of this study is to assess awareness of the effective use of contraceptive methods among pregnant women, which will provide useful information for future intervention strategies and the reduction of unwanted pregnancies.Methods: The study was conducted at the Government Medical College Thrissur, Kerala and study period was 1year (2014-2015). The awareness and contraceptive practices of 514 pregnant women who were admitted for delivery were assessed by using questionnaire. The data was entered in MS excel sheet and analysed using SPSS software.Results: the awareness regarding barrier method of contraception was maximum. (96.7%), followed by permanent methods (96.8%), IUCD (94.9%) and natural methods (92.6%). Around 71.6% of the study population has used some form of contraception. The most commonly contraceptive method was natural methods (69.6%) followed by barrier method (59.9%). IUCD was the method which was least practiced (2.9%) followed by OC pills (19.1%).Conclusions: Even though women are well aware of most of the contraceptive methods, the percentage of women using it is very low. This shows that there is good knowledge regarding contraceptive methods, but a change is needed in the attitude and practice.

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Low contraceptive utilization among young married women is associated with perceived social norms and belief in contraceptive myths in rural Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0247484 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. e0247484

Author(s):

Tariku Dingeta ◽

Lemessa Oljira ◽

Alemayehu Worku ◽

Yemane Berhane

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Social Norms ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Cultural Factors ◽

Married Women ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Rural Ethiopia ◽

Contraceptive Utilization

Introduction Despite the increasingly wider availability of contraceptives and the high levels of unmet need for family planning in rural Ethiopia, contraceptive utilization among young married women is low. Studies on associated factors in Ethiopia so far have been focused on individual factors with little emphasis on socio-cultural factors. This study aimed to assess the association between contraceptive utilization and socio-cultural factors among young married women in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based survey was conducted among young married women aged 14–24 years. A total of 3039 women were interviewed by trained data collectors using a structured questionnaire. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) was used to identify factors associated with contraceptive utilization using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The current contraceptive prevalence rate was 14.1% (95% CI: 12.8–15.5). Perceived social approval (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.60–2.30) and perception of friends’ contraceptive practice (AOR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.20–1.54) were significantly and positively associated with contraceptive utilization. On the contrary, increased score of belief in contraceptive myths was significantly and negatively associated with contraceptive use (AOR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.49–0.73). Moreover, recent exposure to family planning information (AOR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.22–2.28), ever-mother (AOR = 9.68; 95% CI: 4.47–20.90), and secondary and above education level (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.38–2.70) were significantly associated with higher odds of contraceptive utilization. Conclusion Only about one-in-seven young married women were using contraceptive methods. Socio-cultural factors significantly influence young married women’s contraceptive utilization. Interventions to address social norms and pervasive myths and misconceptions could increase the use of contraceptive methods in young married women.

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EFEKTIFITAS SOSIALISASI MAL OLEH KONSELOR ASI SEBAGAI SALAH SATU UPAYA PENCEGAHAN UNMEET NEED KB

Midwifery Journal Jurnal Kebidanan UM Mataram ◽

10.31764/mj.v4i1.551 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Luluk Rosida

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Community Health Center ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Not Given ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Equivalent Control ◽

Postpartum Mothers

Abstract Lactation amenorrhea method (LAM) is an alternative that can be used by women who experienced the unmet need for family planning to breastfeed cause delays recovery of fertility after childbirth and can be used as a natural contraceptive methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the socialization of LAM by a breastfeeding counselor to efforts to reduce unmeet need in Yogyakarta. This quasi study uses the design of Non-Equivalent Control Group, which compares the return of menstruation to postpartum mothers with exclusive breastfeeding given LAM socialization by ASI counselors with postpartum mothers who were not given LAM socialization by ASI counselors. Women who are exclusively breastfeeding will in principle get longer menstrual initiation than those who do not exclusively breastfeed their babies. The sample in this study were mothers who had just given birth at the Community Health Center hospitalized in Yogyakarta. Bivariate analysis using the whtney man test. The results showed that there were differences in the return of menstruation in postpartum mothers who were given LAM socialization by ASI counselors with postpartum mothers who were not given LAM socialization.

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IMPROVING DESIGN AND DELIVERY OF FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES TO MEET THE UNMET NEED FOR CONTRACEPTION IN QUETTA BALOCHISTAN

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i4.245 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 213-218

Author(s):

Naiha Sagheer ◽

Saleem Ullah ◽

Noureen Latif ◽

Tabinda Zaman

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Mass Media ◽

Health Workers ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Approximeately 24 percent of married women of reproductive age in Pakistan would like to adopt family planning, but are unable to avail the means to practice contraception. This study has been conducted to find out frequency and perception about family planning practices and further to explore and analyze the causes of failure to meet the demand for contraception. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on married females of reproductive age group and married males while visiting the outpatient departments of two hospitals of Quetta from January to September 2017. They were interviewed by researchers through a structured, reliable and pretested questionnaire. The data obtained and analyzed by using SPSS 21 version. Results: 76% of participants were in favour of practicing yet only 33.8% had actually practiced it sometime during their reproductive years. The major reasons for not using family planning were the apprehension of harmful effects of contraceptive methods (52.6%), non-supportive partner (30%), unavailability of services (11.4%) and religious constraints (6%). The mass media was the main source of motivational information(69%) followed by Lady health workers. Conclusion: The current prevalence of family planning is still not at the expected level, There is a dire need of the continued use of mass media and services of community health workers to raise awareness. The practice of modern contraceptive methods can be enhanced by provision of client-centered quality services.. An increase in the number of family planning centers along with an efficient functioning, monitoring, and evaluation are also required to address unmet needs of the community near their doorstep.

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CONCORDANCE BETWEEN PARTNERS IN DESIRED WAITING TIME TO BIRTH FOR NEWLYWEDS IN INDIA

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s0021932011000459 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 57-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ABHISHEK SINGH ◽

STAN BECKER

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Waiting Time ◽

Waiting Times ◽

Family Health ◽

National Family Health Survey ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Family Planning Programme ◽

National Family ◽

Spousal Concordance ◽

Discordant Couples

SummaryExamining waiting time to birth among newlywed couples is likely to provide insights into the desire for spacing births among newlywed husbands and wives. Data from the Indian National Family Health Survey of 2005–06 are used to examine the desired waiting time (DWT) to birth among newlywed couples. The dependent variable is spousal concordance on desired waiting times. Overall 65% of couples have concordant desired waiting times. Among discordant couples, wives were more likely to want to wait longer than their husbands. Couples from richer wealth quintiles were more likely than couples from the poorest quintile to have concordant desired waiting times. Muslims were less likely than Hindus to have concordant desires. There is a need for spacing contraceptive methods among newlyweds in India. This may have implications for the Indian Family Planning Programme, which to date has largely focused on sterilization. Programmes need to include newlywed husbands to promote use of spacing methods.

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Analysing the factors favoring the use of modern contraceptive methods among Kinoise women in the Democratic Republic of Congo

International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) ◽

10.20525/ijrbs.v9i4.713 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 304-313

Author(s):

Lukau Matezo Espoir ◽

Malimingi Muhole Amantha

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽

Family Health ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Provincial City ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

The City

This study aims to identify the factors that favor the use of modern contraceptive methods in non-pregnant women who need to space or limit births. The analyzes were made using SPSS software (statistical package for social sciences) version 25. The data used in this publication comes from a TRAC survey on family planning carried out by the Family Health Association / Population Service international (ASF / PSI) in DRC. Continuously Tracking Results surveys are knowledge surveys, attitudes, and practices of women in matters of family planning but with the introduction of questions on scales as mentioned above. This survey concerned 1965 women aged 15 to 49 selected in urban and peri-urban areas of the provincial city of Kinshasa. Our results show that the discussion between partner or spouse on the use of modern contraceptive methods positively influences the majority of women (OR = 4.28; p <0.001),being part of a social norm (OR = 3.30; p <0.01) and having a high socioeconomic level (OR = 2.54; p <0.01), also favor positively the use of modern contraceptives. The paper concludes that any effort to increase contraceptive prevalence should target attitude, level of knowledge of methods, and spousal support to optimize the use of modern contraception in the city of Kinshasa.

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Shifting dynamics: Changes in the relationship between total fertility rate and contraceptive prevalence rate in Jordan between 2012 and 2017

Gates Open Research ◽

10.12688/gatesopenres.13188.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 160

Author(s):

Kristin Bietsch ◽

Ali Arbaji ◽

Jennifer Mason ◽

Rebecca Rosenberg ◽

Malak Al Ouri

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Total Fertility Rate ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Family Health ◽

Fertility Rate ◽

Modern Contraceptive ◽

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate ◽

Contraceptive Prevalence

Background: Between the two most recent Population and Family Health Surveys, Jordan saw a dramatic decline in the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) from 3.5 to 2.7 in 5.5 years. Over the same period, modern contraceptive use also declined, from 61.2% to 51.8% among married women. This decrease in both TFR and the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) diverges from the typical relationship seen between these two factors whereby historically as CPR increases, TFR decreases. This paper explores this unique pattern using multiple methodologies. Methods: First, we validate the survey data using nationally collected data on fertility and contraceptive distribution. Second, we look to changes that have historically influenced changes in CPR and TFR, including changes in ideal family size and wanted fertility rates. Third, we explore proximate determinants and other influences on fertility and changes in contraception, examining the changes in the method mix and unmet need; marriage patterns, including the demographics of the married population, spousal separation, and time since last sex; postpartum insusceptibility; infecundity, both primary and secondary; and abortion, to see if any have shifted significantly enough to allow for fertility to decline with less contraceptive use. Results: We find that the decline in fertility in Jordan was driven by a reduction in mistimed or unwanted pregnancies and there was a significant increase in the share of reproductive aged women who are infecund. We also concluded that the changes in fertility and contraceptive use are driven by changes in Jordanian nationals, not by the growing Syrian refugee population. Conclusions: Jordan is not the only country to be experiencing a shift in the typical relationship between CPR and TFR. Results can inform both future approaches for family planning programs and our expectations regarding what kind of change our family planning investments might buy.

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