COMPLEX MONITORING OF GEOCRYOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND GROUND TEMPERATURE REGIME OF THE ARCTIC COASTAL ZONE IN THE AREAS OF INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osip Kokin ◽  
Osip Kokin ◽  
Stanislav Ogorodov ◽  
Stanislav Ogorodov ◽  
Nataliya Belova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Fast Ice ◽  
Field Works ◽  
Complex Monitoring ◽  
Planning And Construction

The research of geocryological structure of the coasts is important in the planning and construction of infrastructure in permafrost zone. Long-term monitoring of temperature regime of the Arctic coastal zone soils needs to predict the steady state of the object during its operation and prevent possible negative consequences resulting from interruption of the steady state. It is especially important in conditions of today's climate change, as well as the possibility of warming effect of engineering facilities (for example pipelines). The results of a study of the coastal seasonally frozen cap, formed in the contact zone of freezing fast ice to the bottom are presented by the examples of the Mys Kamenniy settlement at the Gulf of Ob coast (Kara Sea) and Varandey settlement at the Pechora Sea areas. The technology of the monitoring station establishment for the geocryological statement and temperature regime of the Arctic coastal zone observations is proposed based on the conducted field works experience.

COMPLEX MONITORING OF GEOCRYOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND GROUND TEMPERATURE REGIME OF THE ARCTIC COASTAL ZONE IN THE AREAS OF INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osip Kokin ◽  
Osip Kokin ◽  
Stanislav Ogorodov ◽  
Stanislav Ogorodov ◽  
Nataliya Belova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Fast Ice ◽  
Field Works ◽  
Complex Monitoring ◽  
Planning And Construction

The research of geocryological structure of the coasts is important in the planning and construction of infrastructure in permafrost zone. Long-term monitoring of temperature regime of the Arctic coastal zone soils needs to predict the steady state of the object during its operation and prevent possible negative consequences resulting from interruption of the steady state. It is especially important in conditions of today's climate change, as well as the possibility of warming effect of engineering facilities (for example pipelines). The results of a study of the coastal seasonally frozen cap, formed in the contact zone of freezing fast ice to the bottom are presented by the examples of the Mys Kamenniy settlement at the Gulf of Ob coast (Kara Sea) and Varandey settlement at the Pechora Sea areas. The technology of the monitoring station establishment for the geocryological statement and temperature regime of the Arctic coastal zone observations is proposed based on the conducted field works experience.

scholarly journals Long-term modelling of nitrogen turnover and critical loads in a forested catchment using the INCA model

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-J. Langusch ◽  
E. Matzner
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Critical Load ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Critical Loads ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
N Saturation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Hydrological Conditions

Abstract. Many forest ecosystems in Central Europe have reached the status of N saturation due to chronically high N deposition. In consequence, the NO3 leaching into ground- and surface waters is often substantial. Critical loads have been defined to abate the negative consequences of the NO3 leaching such as soil acidification and nutrient losses. The steady state mass balance method is normally used to calculate critical loads for N deposition in forest ecosystems. However, the steady state mass balance approach is limited because it does not take into account hydrology and the time until the steady state is reached. The aim of this study was to test the suitability of another approach: the dynamic model INCA (Integrated Nitrogen Model for European Catchments). Long-term effects of changing N deposition and critical loads for N were simulated using INCA for the Lehstenbach spruce catchment (Fichtelgebirge, NE Bavaria, Germany) under different hydrological conditions. Long-term scenarios of either increasing or decreasing N deposition indicated that, in this catchment, the response of nitrate concentrations in runoff to changing N deposition is buffered by a large groundwater reservoir. The critical load simulated by the INCA model with respect to a nitrate concentration of 0.4 mg N l–1 as threshold value in runoff was 9.7 kg N ha–1yr–1 compared to 10 kg ha–1yr–1 for the steady state model. Under conditions of lower precipitation (520 mm) the resulting critical load was 7.7 kg N ha–1yr–1 , suggesting the necessity to account for different hydrological conditions when calculating critical loads. The INCA model seems to be suitable to calculate critical loads for N in forested catchments under varying hydrological conditions e.g. as a consequence of climate change. Keywords: forest ecosystem, N saturation, critical load, modelling, long-term scenario, nitrate leaching, critical loads reduction, INCA

scholarly journals Main Approaches to Damage Assesment from Hazardous Processes (On the Example of the Central Federal District)

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Valentina Nikolaevna Burova
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Heavy Rains ◽  
Economic Damages

This article discusses the manifestation of dangerous hydrometeorological processes in the Central Federal district. The analysis of manifestation dynamics of these dangers is carried out. The dependences of the hazardous processes cases number in general and by categories of on the temperature regime consequences are considered in the article. It was found out that within areas where average annual temperature exceeds annual temperature in the Central Federal district the number of hurricanes and heavy rains exceeds the average value, and the number of cases leading to negative consequences associated with blizzards and snowfall well below their average long-term manifestations, but the number of floods above their average values. The algorithm of calculation of forecast economic damages from manifestation of hydrometeorological dangers is offered.

scholarly journals A Framework to Manage Coastal Squeeze

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10610
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Silva ◽  
María Luisa Martínez ◽  
Brigitta I. van Tussenbroek ◽  
Laura Odette Guzmán-Rodríguez ◽  
Edgar Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Critical State ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Coastal Squeeze ◽  
Mexican Caribbean

The coastal zone is in a critical state worldwide, due to the loss and fragmentation of its ecosystems. Much of this is caused by long-term anthropic local, regional, or global actions, which drive coastal squeeze processes. Most of the criteria to evaluate the effects of coastal squeeze are focused on merely identifying its effect on the coastal zone. Here, we propose a framework to manage (identify, analyze, quantify, and tackle) the effect of coastal squeeze. This DESCR framework examines the relations between Drivers, Exchanges, and States of the environment to subsequently evaluate the chronic, negative Consequences and determine possible Responses. To illustrate the application of the DESCR framework, the coastal zone of Puerto Morelos, in the Mexican Caribbean, was studied using this approach. We analyzed the systemic interactions among the coastal ecosystems in this area, such as coral reefs, seagrass beds, beach, coastal dunes, and mangroves, which have been altered over the last decades, resulting in a severe coastal squeeze. Recommended responses include urgent measures for ecosystem management to mitigate the coastal squeeze.

Formation of fast ice and its influence on the coastal zone of the Arctic seas

Oceanology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Bogorodskii ◽  
A. V. Marchenko ◽  
A. V. Pnyushkov ◽  
S. A. Ogorodov
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Fast Ice

Diatoms and aquatic palynomorphs in the sediments of the Eurasian Arctic seas and their significance for paleooceanological investigations in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Yelena I. Polyakova ◽  
Yekaterina I. Novichkova ◽  
Tatiana S. Klyuvitkina ◽  
Elizaveta A. Agafonova ◽  
Irina M. Kryukova
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Marginal Filter ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Hydrological Parameters ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Long Term Studies

Presented the results of long-term studies of diatoms and aquatic palynomorphs in surface sediments of the Arctic seas and the possibility of their use for the reconstructions of paleocirculation water masses, advection of Atlantic and Bering sea water into the Arctic ocean, changes in the river runoff to the seas, sedimentary processes in the marginal filter of the largest rivers, seasonal sea ice cover and other hydrological parameters.

Trends and Prospects of Development of the Oil and Gas Sector in the Context of Digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Kazanin
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Business And Society ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

The modern oil and gas industry is heavily dependent on the processes and trends driven by the accelerating digitalization of the economy. Thus, the digitalization of the oil and gas sector has become Russia’s top priority, which involves a technological and structural transformation of all production processes and stages.Aim. The presented study aims to identify the major trends and prospects of development of the Russian oil and gas sector in the context of its digitalization and formation of the digital economy.Tasks. The authors analyze the major trends in the development of the oil and gas industry at a global scale and in Russia with allowance for the prospects of accelerated exploration of the Arctic; determine the best practices of implementation of digital technologies by oil and gas companies as well as the prospects and obstacles for the subsequent transfer of digital technologies to the Russian oil and gas industry.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods, such as analysis, synthesis, and scientific generalization.Results. Arctic hydrocarbons will become increasingly important to Russia in the long term, and their exploration and production will require the implementation of innovative technologies. Priority directions for the development of many oil and gas producers will include active application of digital technologies as a whole (different types of robots that could replace people in performing complex procedures), processing and analysis of big data using artificial intelligence to optimize processes, particularly in the field of exploration and production, processing and transportation. Digitalization of the oil and gas sector is a powerful factor in the improvement of the efficiency of the Russian economy. However, Russian companies are notably lagging behind in this field of innovative development and there are problems and high risks that need to be overcome to realize its potential for business and society.Conclusions. Given the strategic importance of the oil and gas industry for Russia, its sustainable development and national security, it is recommendable to focus on the development and implementation of digital technologies. This is crucial for the digitalization of long-term projection and strategic planning, assessment of the role and place of Russia and its largest energy companies in the global market with allowance for a maximum number of different internal and external factors.

scholarly journals Holocene polynya dynamics and their interaction with oceanic heat transport in northernmost Baffin Bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Jackson ◽  
Anna Bang Kvorning ◽  
Audrey Limoges ◽  
Eleanor Georgiadis ◽  
Steffen M. Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The North ◽  
North Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ocean Conditions

AbstractBaffin Bay hosts the largest and most productive of the Arctic polynyas: the North Water (NOW). Despite its significance and active role in water mass formation, the history of the NOW beyond the observational era remains poorly known. We reconcile the previously unassessed relationship between long-term NOW dynamics and ocean conditions by applying a multiproxy approach to two marine sediment cores from the region that, together, span the Holocene. Declining influence of Atlantic Water in the NOW is coeval with regional records that indicate the inception of a strong and recurrent polynya from ~ 4400 yrs BP, in line with Neoglacial cooling. During warmer Holocene intervals such as the Roman Warm Period, a weaker NOW is evident, and its reduced capacity to influence bottom ocean conditions facilitated northward penetration of Atlantic Water. Future warming in the Arctic may have negative consequences for this vital biological oasis, with the potential knock-on effect of warm water penetration further north and intensified melt of the marine-terminating glaciers that flank the coast of northwest Greenland.

scholarly journals Microplastic contamination of the drilling bivalve Hiatella arctica in Arctic rhodolith beds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Teichert ◽  
Martin G. J. Löder ◽  
Ines Pyko ◽  
Marlene Mordek ◽  
Christian Schulbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Bivalve Species ◽  
Filter Feeder ◽  
Hiatella Arctica ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Water Depths

AbstractThere is an increasing number of studies reporting microplastic (MP) contamination in the Arctic environment. We analysed MP abundance in samples from a marine Arctic ecosystem that has not been investigated in this context and that features a high biodiversity: hollow rhodoliths gouged by the bivalve Hiatella arctica. This bivalve is a filter feeder that potentially accumulates MPs and may therefore reflect MP contamination of the rhodolith ecosystem at northern Svalbard. Our analyses revealed that 100% of the examined specimens were contaminated with MP, ranging between one and 184 MP particles per bivalve in samples from two water depths. Polymer composition and abundance differed strongly between both water depths: samples from 40 m water depth showed a generally higher concentration of MPs and were clearly dominated by polystyrene, samples from 27 m water depth were more balanced in composition, mainly consisting of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polypropylene. Long-term consequences of MP contamination in the investigated bivalve species and for the rhodolith bed ecosystem are yet unclear. However, the uptake of MPs may potentially impact H. arctica and consequently its functioning as ecosystem engineers in Arctic rhodolith beds.

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