scholarly journals Constant darkness conditions modulate the effects of melatonin and luzindole on the antioxidant enzyme activities and levels of retinol and α-tocopherol in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kalinina ◽  
Viktor Ilyukha ◽  
Evgeniy Khizhkin ◽  
Irina Baishnikova ◽  
Ekaterina Antonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Melatonin Receptor ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Normal Light

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of both exogenous melatonin and melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole on the activities of antioxidant enzymes (AOE) (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT) and the level of low-molecular antioxidant vitamins (retinol, α-tocopherol) in male Wistar rats kept in normal light conditions (LD 12:12) or constant darkness (DD). In LD, while melatonin had no influence on the studied antioxidants, luzindole caused an increase in retinol and a decrease in α-tocopherol contents in the liver compared to the control. In DD, with no influence on AOE activities, both drugs exerted similar effects on the liver retinol and kidney α-tocopherol contents, increasing them in comparison with control. Exposing the animals to DD induced an increase in kidney SOD activity and in liver retinol content. Moreover, DD-mel rats had higher SOD activity in the liver and kidney and a higher retinol level in the liver compared to LD-mel ones; DD-luz rats had a higher liver retinol content compared to LD-luz ones. Liver retinol level seems to be the most sensitive to influence of DD, melatonin and luzindole; the data are probably connected with the involvement of vitamin A in the regulation of circadian rhythms.

scholarly journals The Effect of Uncaria gambir Roxb. Extract on Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Proteinuric Wistar Rats Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1505-1509
Author(s):  
Rosmayanti Syafriani Siregar ◽  
Aznan Lelo ◽  
Delyuzar Harris ◽  
Oke Rina Ramayani ◽  
Muhammad Ichwan
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Puromycin Aminonucleoside ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a glomerular disease that is most often found in children with proteinuric as clinical manifestation. Gambier extract is a traditional medicine that has antioxidant effect. Its use to treat  proteinuric has never been done. Therefore, we conducted an analytical study on the effect of gambier on proteinuric and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in proteinuric Wistar rat’s model. This research is an experimental study with a posttest control group design. The aim is analyzing the effect of giving gambier extract in decreasing urinary protein creatinine ratio and increasing SOD activity. Male Wistar rats were given an injection of puromycin aminonucleoside 1.5mg/100g body weight (BW), subcutaneously for 5 consecutive days for being nephrosis. The experimental animals in this study were divided into four groups: K1, the control group, consist of group of rats that were injected with 0.15ml/100 g BW of aquabidest and not given gambier extract. While K2 group consist of rats induced by Puromycin and given 1 ml of aquabidest. K3 consist of groups of rats induced by Puromycin and then given gambier extract 26mg/200g BW. Group K4 consist of rats induced by Puromycin and then given 80mg/200g BW of gambier extract. The four groups were given treatment for 14 days, after which the rats were placed in a metabolic cage for 24 hours to collect urine samples and then knocked down with ketamine for intra-cardiac blood collection. The results of this study showed differences between the four groups of rats in terms of the mean urine protein/creatinine ratio (p=0.015) and SOD activity (p=0.036). Groups of rats that were given gambier extracts 80mg/200g BW had lower urine protein / creatinine ratio and higher SOD activity. Therapy of gambier 80 mg/200g BW is better in managing proteinuric compared to 26mg/200g.

scholarly journals Effects of Exercise on Oxidative Stress in Rats Induced by Ozone

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Martinez-Campos ◽  
Eleazar Lara-Padilla ◽  
Rosa Amalia Bobadilla-Lugo ◽  
Robert David Kross ◽  
Cleva Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Pilot Experiment ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Adaptation To Exercise

Oxidative stress (OS) induced by acute exercise is reduced by chronic exercise. Ozone (O3) exposure produces OS. The aim of this study was to determine if aerobic exercise (AE) reduced OS produced by O3. A pilot experiment was performed with male Wistar rats submitted to AE (trained to swim 90 min/day). Adaptation to exercise was demonstrated three weeks after training by means of changes in reduced nitrates (NOx) in plasma. Therefore, two-week training was chosen for the following experiments. Six of twelve trained rats were exposed to O3(0.5 ppm, 4 h/day, one hour before exercise). Two groups of sedentary animals (n=6each) were used as controls, one of which was exposed to O3. At the end of the experiments NOx, 8-isoprostane (8-IP), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and carbonyls (CBs) were measured in plasma. CBs did not change in any group. O3-induced OS was manifested by reduced NOxand SOD activity, as well as increased 8-IP and MDA. Exercise significantly blocked O3effects although SOD was also decreased by exercise (a greater drop occurring in the O3group). It is concluded that AE protects against OS produced by O3and the effect is independent of SOD.

scholarly journals Useful Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Gastric Superoxide Dismutase Activity and Serum Malondialdehyde Level During Endurance Training in Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Gorzi ◽  
Mozhgan Asadi
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Gastric Tissue ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: Strenuous endurance training compromises the antioxidant defenses of the body and attempts to find supplements to heal gastric ulcers induced by strenuous endurance training are increasing. Objectives: Therefore, the current study aimed at investigating the effects of curcumin supplementation during nine weeks of endurance training on gastric antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase; SOD) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde; MDA) of serum in male Wistar rats. Methods: The current applied research was conducted on 26 male Wistar rats aged nine weeks and weighed 215.87 ± 20.49 g. After one week of acclimation to training, the rats were randomly assigned to four groups: the control, curcumin, endurance, and endurance + curcumin. During the nine weeks (five sessions per week), the rats performed an incremental endurance training (up to 70 minutes at 35 m/minute), and the curcumin supplement at 30 mg/kg of body weight was injected intraperitoneally three times per week. SOD activity was assayed by the spectrophotometric method, and serum MDA level was measured utilizing the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. For data analysis, ANOVA was employed using SPSS version 24. Results: The results of the study revealed that strenuous endurance training significantly reduced the activity of the gastric SOD enzyme (P < 0.05) and increased serum MDA level (P < 0.05), while curcumin supplementation increased gastric SOD enzyme activity, decreased serum MDA level, and resulted in the restoration of antioxidant defenses. Conclusions: Prolonged strenuous endurance training induces oxidative stress to gastric tissue, and curcumin supplementation restores the antioxidant defense of the gastric tissue and body.

scholarly journals Colonic and systemic effects of extruded whole-grain sorghum consumption in growing Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilce E. Llopart ◽  
Raúl E. Cian ◽  
Muñoz María Elvira López-Oliva ◽  
Ángela Zuleta ◽  
Adriana Weisstaub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Systemic Effect ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

AbstractColonic effects of extruded whole-grain sorghum diets were evaluated using a model of growing rats. In all, twenty-four male Wistar rats were fed control (C), extruded white sorghum (EWS) or red sorghum (ERS). Consumption of sorghum diets showed satiety properties, with reduction of caecal pH, and lower activity ofβ-glucosidase andβ-glucuronidase enzymes. Decreased copper zinc superoxide dismutase and manganese superoxide dismutase and increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels were observed in colonic mucosa. The induction of antioxidant enzymes occurred through the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 protein and its subsequent translocation into the nucleus. ERS was able to decrease the proliferation of proximal mucosa of colon, demonstrating a possible effect against colorectal tumourigenesis. EWS increased proliferation and also apoptosis, ensuring the re-establishment of homoeostasis of the colonic mucosa. No antioxidant systemic effect (serum or hepatic level) was observed. It is likely that despite the extrusion the low bioavailability of the phenolic compounds of sorghum diets caused them to exert mainly acute effects at the colon level. Extruded whole-grain sorghum is a good functional ingredient that might be promising in dietary prevention of intestinal diseases.

scholarly journals The subchronic effects of 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine on oxidative stress in rat brain

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081
Author(s):  
Ivan Simic ◽  
Violeta Iric-Cupic ◽  
Rada Vucic ◽  
Marina Petrovic ◽  
Violeta Mladenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subchronic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on several oxidative stress markers: index of lipid peroxidation (ILP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, superoxide radical (O2.-) levels, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus of the rat. The study included 64 male Wistar rats (200-250g). The animals were treated per os with of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) every day for 15 days. The subchronic administration of MDMA resulted in an increase in ILP, SOD and O2.-, and a decrease in GSH, from which we conclude that oxidative stress was induced in rat brain.

scholarly journals Microscopic and biochemical changes on liver and kidney of Wistar rats on combination antiretroviral therapy: the impact of naringenin and quercetin

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-608
Author(s):  
Edidiong Nnamso Akang ◽  
Olufunke O Dosumu ◽  
Ini-ibehe Essien Okoko ◽  
Oluwatomisin Faniyan ◽  
Ademola A Oremosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), which is a lifelong therapy for people living with human immunodeficiency virus, has been associated with nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity leading to its discontinuation. This study aimed at investigating the ameliorative potential of naringenin and quercetin on cART-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Seventy male Wistar rats (225–260 g) were divided into seven groups as control, cART, naringenin, quercetin, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), naringenin/cART (CN) and quercetin/cART (CQ). cART (24 mg/kg), naringenin (50 mg/kg) and quercetin (50 mg/kg) were dissolved in 1% v/v DMSO and administered orally for 56 days. Combination of cART and bioflavonoids had significant increase in superoxide dismutase (P &lt; 0.05), catalase (P &lt; 0.01), reduced glutathione (P &lt; 0.001) and decreased malondialdehyde (P &lt; 0.001) compared to cART only. Tumor necrosis factor Alpha (TNFα) level increased significantly in cART and CQ (P &lt; 0.01) groups, while others showed no significant changes compared to control. TNFα also significantly decreased in CQ level compared to cART (P &lt; 0.001). In addition, significant increase in creatinine level in cART only indicated progressive renal toxicity. Also, progressive pathological changes including congested blood vessels and hepatocellular necrosis were found in the liver, while the kidney had glomerular atrophy, and tubular distortion in cART-only group. Control, naringenin- and quercetin-treated groups showed normal renal and hepatic cytoarchitecture. These findings elucidate that progressive renal and hepatic toxicity is associated with the continuous use of cART; however, a combination of quercetin and naringenin with cART showed possible potential of ameliorating the damages posed by cART.

Absence of Modulating Effects of Cytokines on Antioxidant Enzymes in Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinn-Yang Chen ◽  
An-Hang Yang ◽  
Yao-Ping Lin ◽  
Jen-Kou Lin ◽  
Wu-Chang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells

Objective To investigate the modulation of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase by cytokines and endotoxin in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Design Cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells were treated with various concentrations of interleu kin-1 α, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNFα), interleukin-6, interleukin-8, transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), and lipopolysaccharide. Cell morphology was observed and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were assayed. The antioxidant enzyme activities of human peritoneal mesothelial cells were also compared with those of human liver and kidney tissues. Results Interleukin-1α, TNFα, TGFβ, and lipopolysaccharide caused dose-dependent cytotoxicities in mesothelial cells. The activities of these three antioxidant enzymes did not change after treatment with cytokines and endotoxin. The total superoxide dismutase activity of confluent human peritoneal mesothelial cells was found to be greater than that of human liver and kidney tissues and was composed mostly of manganese superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities of human peritoneal mesothelial cells were lower than those of human liver and kidney tissues. Conclusion In human peritoneal mesothelial cells, lack of induction of antioxidant enzymes by inflammatory cytokines, as well as high superoxide dismutase activity accompanied by insufficient glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities may both contribute to the susceptibility of these cells to oxidative damage. Therefore, appropriate management to decrease oxidative injury to the peritoneum should be taken into consideration when treating long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.

Novel Second Generation Platinum Containing Antineoplastic Agents Ssp, Sap, and Poly-Plat and Their Effect on Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Ec 1.1.1.49) in the Liver and Kidney of Male Wistar Rats.

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 57-58
Author(s):  
T. P. Multhaupt ◽  
S.K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Antineoplastic Agents ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Normal Kidney ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Liver Tissues

Poly-(trans-l,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinumj-carboxyamylose (Poly-Plat); 5-SuIfosalicylato-trans-(l,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum (SSP); and 4-Hydroxy-a-sulfonylphenylacetato (trans 1,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum (II) (SAP) (Andrulis Pharmaceuticals, Bethesda, MD) are three novel second generation platinum containing antineoplastic compounds. Initial studies indicate that these agents are more effective in the treatment of cancer while at the same time less toxic to the organism as a whole than cisplatin (CDDP). The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of these new compounds on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) as compared to CDDP treated and normal kidney and liver tissues.Wistar rats (100-120g) were given intraperitoneal injections of CDDP (9 mg/ kg) and Poly-Plat, SSP and SAP (10 mg/ kg) over a 5 day period. On day 6 the animals were sacrificed and tissues (kidney and liver) were freeze sectioned (7 μm). Sections were incubated in media according to the accepted method specific for the G-6-PDH localization at a pH of 7.46 for 30 min.

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