Secondary hyperparathyroidism in association with malnutrition - inflammation complex syndrome in chronic hemodialysis

To found the association of high PTH levels with some indexes of malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome (MICS), a study was carried out a group of maintenance hemodialysis patients(MHPs) consisting of nondiabetic and diabetic patients. Intact serum PTH (iPTH) and serum C-reactive protein(CRP), serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum cholesterol (chol)and serum triglyceride (Tg) were measured .Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated . Total patients were 36(f=15 m=21), consisting of 25 non-diabetic HD patients and 11 diabetic HD patients. The mean patient`s age was 44(17) years. The value of serum iPTH of total HD patients was 434455 (median:309)pg/nd, the value of serum iPTH of diabetic and nondiabetic-dialysis patients were 201277(median:41) and 537483(median:340)pg/ml respectively. In this study we found a near significant positive correlation of serum iPTH with serum CRP, a significant inverse correlation of serum iPTH with BMI and a near significant positive correlation of serum ALP with Logarithm of CRP, a significant positive correlation of serum phosphorus with serum CRP and also a significant inverse correlation of serum phosphorus with BMI were found. A near significant inverse correlation of serum cholestrol with serum phosphorus as well as a near significant inverse correlation of serum cholestrol with serum CRP were existed too. When patients with iPTH below than 200 pg/ml were deleted, the correlation of iPTH with CRP was positive (r =0.42, p =0.085) and when patients with iPTH more than 500pg/ml were deleted, this correlation was found to be negative(r = -0.42, p =0.047), means that a low iPTH values is an index of malnutrition while higher values is associated with inflammation, Further attention needs to better control of hyperphosphatemia and maintaining the iPTH levels 1.5 times of normal to avoid the sides effects of secondary hyperparathyroidism.

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The Role of Transferrin and Laminin Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type II Diabetic Patients

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2021/v33i730876 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 69-80

Author(s):

Mohy Eldin Abd EL-Fattah ◽

Laila Ahmed Rashed ◽

Suzan Magdy Mohammed Nasr

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Healthy Control Subject ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Serum Transferrin ◽

Type Ii ◽

Significant Inverse Correlation ◽

Healthy Control

Background/Aim: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important microvascular complications associated with type II diabetic patients. It occurs in 20-40% patients with diabetes mellitus, and microalbuminuria is still considered as the first sign of diabetic nephropathy. Low sensitivity and specificity of microalbuminuria leads to more sensitive biomarkers that may be used to detect diabetic nephropathy at an earlier stage with higher accuracy. This study was carried out to detect the validity of using serum Transferrin and Laminin as a diagnostic biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy in type ΙΙ diabetic patients. Methods: Egyptian patients (n=96) included 72 type 2 diabetic patients who were classified into three groups: group 1 - normoalbuminuric patients (uACR up to 30 mg/g), group 2 - microalbuminuric patients (uACR from 30 – 300 mg/g), group 3 - macroalbuminuric patients (uACR from >300 mg/g) and 24 healthy control were surveyed in a cross-sectional study over a period of 6 months at biochemistry department, KASR ALAINY Hospital of Cairo University. Patients were subjected to measurement of Albumin creatinine ratio, eGFR, Serum creatinine, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile. The serum concentrations of transferrin and lamnin were measured using a highly sensitive one-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay kit. Results: Serum laminin was significantly higher in macroalbuminuric patients than in the microalbuminuric and in microalbuminuric patients than in the normoalbuminuric and healthy control subject. By comparing these goups according to serum laminin concentration we found statistically significant positive correlation (p value <0.001, r= 0.670), serum transferrin was significantly lower in macroalbuminuric patients than in the microalbuminuric and in microalbuminuric patients than in the normoalbuminuric and healthy control subject. By comparing these goups according to serum transferrin concentration we found statistically significant inverse correlation (p value <0.001, r= -0.579). There was no correlation between level of serum transferrin /laminin and glycoregulation, and statistically significant positive correlation was found between serum laminin and duration of diabetes and statistically significant inverse correlation was found between serum transferrin and duration of diabetes. Conclusions: The results from this study provide the evidence that serum laminin and transferrin could be used as a diagnostic markers of diabetic nephropathy.

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Evaluation of serum adropin and irisin levels and its association with anthropometric obesity indices and biochemical parameters in Type 2 diabetic patients

Nutrition and Healthy Aging ◽

10.3233/nha-200110 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Foad Alzoughool ◽

Huda Al Hourani ◽

Manar Atoum ◽

Sajedah Bateineh ◽

Hanan Alsheikh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Correlation ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Obesity Indices ◽

Group Serum

BACKGROUND/AIM: The newly described proteins adropin and irisin are a highly conserved polypeptide that plays essential roles in metabolic and energy homeostasis, insulin resistance, and fat browning. The aim of this study is to evaluate the circulating levels of serum adropin and irisin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and also to elucidate possible relationships between serum adropin and irisin levels with anthropometric obesity indices and biochemical parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Single-center prospective observational study included 90 T2DM patients referred to the diabetes outpatient clinic. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum lipids, creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen were evaluated. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated, serum adropin and irisin were evaluated. RESULTS: The results showed a significant positive correlation between adropin and irisin in females but not in males (r = 0.311; P = 0.042). In males’ group, serum adropin levels showed significant negative correlation with serum glucose (–0.423, P = < 0.05), HbA1C (–0.364, P = < 0.05), and GFR (–0.355, P = < 0.05). In contrast, creatinine was showed a significant positive correlation with adropin in males (0.381, P = < 0.05). In females’ group, adropin showed a significant negative correlation with weight (–0.371, P = < 0.05), BMI (–0.349, P = < 0.05), WC (–0.402, P = < 0.01), and WHtR (–0.398, P = < 0.01). Contrary, in males’ group, serum irisin levels showed significant positive correlation with weight (0.338, P = < 0.05), BMI (0.332, P = < 0.05), WC (0.409, P = < 0.01), and WHtR (0.432, P = < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that, in T2DM patients, circulating serum adrpoin correlated negatively with anthropometric obesity indices of obesity in females, while serum irisin was positively correlated with anthropometric obesity indices of obesity in males.

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Correlation between Atherogenic index and the severity of coronary artery disease in diabetic patients undergoing elective coronary angiography using Gensini score

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa041.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

A S Elyamani ◽

M A Elnozahi ◽

A M Abdelmoteleb

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Angiography ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Gensini Score ◽

Atherogenic Index Of Plasma ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Artery Disease

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is one of the most important factors for CAD. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a new indicator involved in dyslipidemia. However, its relation with CAD severity in diabetic patients is not well established yet. Aim of the Study To study the relationship between atherogenic index of plasma and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the diabetic patients. Methods Our study was conducted on 150 diabetic patient with stable CAD undergoing elective coronary angiography in Al-Agoza Hospital from april 2016 to august 2018. Atherogenic index was calculated from the logarithmically transformed ratio of concentrations of TGs to HDL-C obtained from the patient’s lipid profile. correlation of the AIP and the severity of CAD according to Gensini scoring system was done. Results AIP had a statistically significant positive relation with IDDM (p = 0.033), NIDDM (p = 0.033), HTN (p = 0.024), dyslipedemia (p = 0.042). And a highly significant positive correlation with FBS (p < 0.001, r = 0.479) and HbA1c (p < 0.001, r = 0.538), proximal LAD lesions (p = 0.002), LCX (p < 0.001), and the number of vessls affected (p = 0.005). AIP Also had a highly significant positive correlation with severity of CAD in terms of Gensini score (p < 0.001, r = 0.692). Conclusion AIP is considered a good predictor of CAD severity and multivessel affection in diabetic patients.

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Inverse Correlation between Ovarian Development of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Smolts and Sea Age

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f87-156 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 1320-1325 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

E. Michael P. Chadwick ◽

Ross R. Claytor ◽

Claude E. Léger ◽

Richard L. Saunders

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Salmon ◽

Salmo Salar ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Ovarian Development ◽

Fork Length ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽

Smolt Age

In order to understand the factors which determine sea age of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), ovarian development of smolts was examined in 14 groups which varied in parental sea age, smolt age, and size. Parental sea age of smolts explained most of the variation in ovarian development. Smolts from one-sea-winter parents had a higher percentage of the more advanced oocyte stages in their ovaries, while smolts from two-sea-winter parents had a low percentage, and those from three-sea-winter parents had none. Annual within-stock variation and covariance with freshwater age were not significant. Hatchery-reared smolts had similar ovarian development to their wild counterparts. There was also a significant, positive correlation between fork length of smolts and ovarian development within groups.

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Brain Natriuretic Peptide is a Predictor of Cardiac Thrombus in Critically Ill Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2020.4441 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (B) ◽

pp. 119-124

Author(s):

Hossam A. Mowafy ◽

Hossam El Sherif ◽

Khaled A. Wahab ◽

Nora I. Abbas ◽

Gihan El Hilaly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

International Normalized Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Biomarker ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Cardiac Thrombus

CONTEXT: Plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are elevated in patients with acute ischemic stroke, particularly when accompanied by atrial fibrillation (AF). Plasma BNP might be a useful marker of vulnerability to thromboembolism in non-valvular AF patients. AIM: The aim of the present study was to assess whether the BNP level can serve as a biomarker of the left atrial (LA) thrombus in AF patients with acute ischemic stroke. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a multicenter prospective cohort study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty AF patients with acute ischemic stroke were included in the study. Their transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and BNP were assessed. RESULTS: There was a positive significant relation between serum BNP levels and LA thrombus detection by TEE. BNP with a cutoff value >498 pg/l can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for the presence of the LA thrombus. A significant positive correlation existed between serum BNP and LA diameter. Furthermore, a statistically significant positive correlation between serum BNP and AF rate and duration was found in all patients. In addition, a statistically significant inverse correlation was detected between serum BNP and direct bilirubin, international normalized ratio, and albumin. A statistically significant positive correlation existed between serum BNP and prothrombin concentration. CONCLUSION: BNP can be a good diagnostic biomarker for the detection of the LA thrombus in chronic AF patients with acute ischemic stroke.

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Assessment of Glycemic Control, Renal Function, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes MellitusPatients

Iraqi Journal of Science ◽

10.24996/ijs.2021.62.12.4 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4628-4638

Author(s):

Hawraa Sabah Al-Musawi ◽

MakarimQassim Al-Lami ◽

Ali H. Al-Saadi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Renal Function ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽

Stress Parameters

Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial syndrome that israpidly rising in all the continents ofthe globe, causing elevated blood sugar levels in affected people. A sample of 81 Iraqi T2DM patients was investigated based on several parameters. Glycemic control parameters includedlevels of fasting blood glucose (FBG),glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and insulin, along with insulin resistance (IR) and insulin sensitivity (IS). Renal function tests includedmeasuring the blood levels of urea and creatinine. Oxidative stress parameters included total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and thelevel of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results of the presentstudy showed a highly significant (P˂0.01) increase in FBG, HbA1c, insulin and IR levels in T2DM patients as compared to control.Insulin sensitivity showed a highly significant (p˂0.01) decrease in patients compared with control.Urea and creatinine levelsincreased in T2DM patients, but the differences were insignificant. TAC levelsignificantly (P<0.05) increased in patients compared with control. Also, the levels of ROSrevealed a highly significant (P<0.01) increasein T2DM patients compared with the control. Correlation analysis showedthat FBG has a highly significant (P<0.01) positive correlation with IR, urea, creatinine and ROS, as well as a significant (P<0.05) positive correlation with TAC. However, FBG shows a highlysignificant (P< 0.01) inverse correlation with IS. The levels of HbA1C show a significant (P<0.05) positive correlation with IR, creatinine, and TAC, whereas ithas a highly significant (P<0.01) positive relation with ROS. However, HbA1C level has a highly significant (P<0.01) inverse relation with IS. Insulin has highly significant (P<0.01) positive and negative associations with IR and IS, respectively.IR showshighlya significant (P<0.01) inverse correlation with IS, significant (P<0.05) positive correlation with creatinine, and highly significant (P<0.01) positive correlation with ROS. IS has a significant(P< 0.05) inverse correlation with urea. Urea shows a highly significant (P<0.01) positive correlation with creatinine. TAC has a significant (P<0.05) inverse correlation with ROS. Conclusion: diabetic patients revealed poor glycemic control. Fluctuating blood glucose concentrations may contribute significantly to oxidative stress, probablyeven more than chronic hyperglycemia. The observed significant positive correlation between FBG and the other tested parameters revealed that hyperglycemia is an obvious independent risk factor for T2DM progression.

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Intraperitoneal Pressure in Polycystic and Non-Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients, Treated by Peritoneal Dialysis

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000506177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 670-676

Author(s):

Anna Giuliani ◽

Sabrina Milan Manani ◽

Carlo Crepaldi ◽

Alessandro Domenici ◽

Fiorella Gastaldon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Polycystic Kidney ◽

Significant Inverse Correlation ◽

Intraperitoneal Pressure ◽

Wide Range ◽

Wide Variability

Introduction: Intraperitoneal volume (IPV) should be individualized and aimed to maintain an intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) lower than 17 cm H2O. IPP is very variable, given its relation with body size. However, it is not yet fully understood which anthropometric variable mostly affects IPP and the relation between IPP and organomegaly in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) patients is not known. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to analyse the relation between antropometric variables and IPP in a large cohort of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and to identify if a relation between nephromegaly and IPP exists in PKD patients. Methods: IPP was measured in PD patients and data was retrospectively collected. In PKD patients, total kidney volumes were measured in CT scans, and normalized with height (hTKV). Results: Seventy-seven patients were included in the study, 18% affected by PKD. Mean IPP was 14.9 ± 2.9 cm H2O and it showed significant positive correlation with body mass index (BMI; ρ = 0.42, p < 0.001). No correlation was found between IPP and absolute IPV; conversely, IPP has a significant inverse correlation with IPV normalized with BMI and body surface area (ρ –0.38, p = 0.001 and ρ –0.25, p = 0.02, respectively). Patients with IPP >17 cm H2O have significant larger BMI and lower IPV/BMI compared to those with IPP <17 cm H2O (29 ± 3.6 vs. 26 ± 4 kg/m2, p < 0.05 and 97 ± 15.5 vs. 109 ± 22 mL/kg/m2, p < 0.05). PKD patients have a wide variability in hTKV (range 645–3,787 mL/m2) and it showed a significant correlation with IPP/IPV (ρ = 0.6, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with larger BMI have greater IPP, irrespectively to IPV. In PKD patients, hTKV correlate with IPP/IPV ratio. However, given the wide range of distribution of hTKV, increased IPP cannot be presumed because of pre-existing polycystic kidney, but need to be quantified.

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Correlation between the Consumption Frequency of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages with Serum Triglyceride Levels in Female Adolescents

World Nutrition Journal ◽

10.25220/wnj.v02.i2.0007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Laga Patriantoro ◽

Yoga Devaera ◽

Saptawati Bardosono ◽

Khalida Fauzia ◽

Meirina Khoirunnisa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Sweetened Beverages ◽

Consumption Frequency ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescence increases significantly from year to year particularly in Depok. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is one of the causes. Excess triglyceride levels are one of the risk factor for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Consumption frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with increased serum triglyceride levels. Method: This study used a cross-sectional design involving 47 subjects recruited through the consecutive sampling method. The consumption frequency of sweetened soft drinks is taken by the semiquantitative FFQ method. Samples of serum triglyceride levels were taken from venous blood and measured using enzymatic methods.Result: Forty-seven subjects finished the study protocol The result showed that there is a significant positive correlation with very strong degrees (p = <0.001, r = 0.88) between the consumption frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages with serum triglyceride levels.Conclusion: There is a significant positive correlation with very strong degrees between the consumption frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages with serum triglyceride levels.Keywords: overweight, female adolescence, sugar-sweetened beverages, triglyceride

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ALTERATIONS OF SERUM CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS, MAGNESIUM, AND COPPER IN HYPERTHYROIDISM PATIENTS: A CASE–CONTROL STUDY

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i12.39611 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 95-98

Author(s):

DIANA ATHOKPHAM ◽

SHRABANI MOHANTY ◽

VENKATA BHARATKUMAR PINNELLI

Keyword(s):

Serum Calcium ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Serum Phosphorus ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Study Results ◽

Serum T3 ◽

Calcium Phosphorus

Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate the levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and copper in hyperthyroid cases and to correlate each of the parameter with serum T3, T4, TSH, FT3, and FT4, respectively. Methods: The study was conducted on 60 newly confirmed hyperthyroid cases based on the thyroid profile and 60 euthyroid cases were recruited as controls. Blood samples were collected from all these subjects and estimation of serum T3, T4, TSH, FT3, FT4, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium was done by autoanalyzer method. Serum copper was measured by modified spectrophotometric micro-method using guanidine hydrochloride and bathocuproine disulfonate disodium salt. The statistical analysis was done by paired test and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Study results in hyperthyroid cases show mean serum calcium and copper levels were significantly (p<0.001) increased, serum phosphorus levels were significantly (p<0.001) decreased when compared to euthyroid. However, there was no significant change in magnesium when compared with euthyroid controls (p=0.556). We also found a significant positive correlation among serum Ca versus T3, T4, FT3, and FT4. A negative correlation with serum Ca versus TSH as observed. We also found significant positive correlation between serum phosphorus with TSH and significant negative correlation of phosphorus with T3, T4, FT3, and FT4. No suggestive significant correlation was found between serum Mg with T3, T4, TSH, FT3, and FT4 and serum copper with serum T3, T4, TSH, FT3, and FT4. Conclusion: The present study has shown that metabolism of minerals is altered in hyperthyroid cases. Impaired metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and copper can lead to various metabolic disorders. Estimation of serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and copper may be helpful in better management to prevent further complication and can be used as diagnostic or prognostic aid in patients with hyperthyroidism along with other biochemical parameters.

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Status of Serum Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium and Copper in Hypothyroid Patients- A Case Control Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2020/44711.14094 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Diana Athokpham ◽

Shrabani Mohanty ◽

Venkata BharatKumar Pinnelli

Keyword(s):

Serum Calcium ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Serum Copper ◽

Serum Phosphorus ◽

Thyroid Disorders ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Serum T3 ◽

Calcium Phosphorus

Introduction: Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine abnormality in the world secondary to diabetes mellitus. Thyroid hormones are essential for growth, neuronal development, reproduction and regulation of energy metabolism. It influences the metabolism of all substrates including minerals. Many studies have shown that mineral metabolism is frequently disturbed in thyroid disorders. Aim: To estimate the levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper in hypothyroid cases and to correlate each of the parameter with serum Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), Free T3 (FT3), Free T4 (FT4) and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), respectively. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on sixty newly confirmed hypothyroid cases based on the thyroid profile and sixty euthyroid cases were recruited as controls. Blood samples were collected from all the patients for the estimation of serum T3, T4, FT3, FT4, TSH, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium by autoanalyser method. Modified spectrophotometric micro-method was used to measure Serum copper using Bathocuprine Disulphonate Disodium Salt (BCDS) and Guanidine hydrochloride salt. The Statistical software namely SPSS 18.0, and R environment ver.3.2.2 were used for the analysis of the data. Results: Study results shows that mean serum calcium, magnesium and copper levels were significantly (p<0.001) decreased while serum phosphorus levels were increased significantly (p<0.001) in hypothyroid cases as compared to euthyroid cases. A significant positive correlation was found between serum Ca vs T3, serum Ca vs T4, negative correlation with serum Ca vs TSH, serum Ca has no significant correlation with serum FT3 and FT4. Significant positive correlation was found between serum phosphorus and TSH while significant negative correlation of phosphorus in comparison with T3 and T4. No significant correlation was found between serum phosphorus with FT3 and FT4. Suggestive significant positive correlation was found between serum Mg with T3, T4 and significant negative correlation with serum TSH, Mg has no significant correlation with FT3 and FT4, there was no significant correlation of serum copper with serum T3, T4, TSH and FT4 but significant positive correlation with serum Cu with FT3 were observed. Conclusion: The present study has shown that metabolism of minerals are altered in thyroid dysfunction cases. This study concluded that impaired metabolism of minerals like calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper can lead to various metabolic disorders. Preventive measures like supplementation of minerals or hormone replacement therapy can be initiated early to control these secondary disorders.

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