scholarly journals Water management for industrial development, energy conservation, and subjective attitudes: a comprehensive risk-oriented model to explore the tolerance of unbalanced allocation problem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangping Yu ◽  
Yulei Xie ◽  
Ling Ji ◽  
Jinbo Zhang ◽  
Yanpeng Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Allocation Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Water Energy Nexus ◽  
Consumption Control

Abstract In this study, a new concept concerning comprehensive characteristics of water resources utilization as an index for risk modeling within the water allocation management model is proposed to explore the tolerance of unbalanced allocation problem under water–energy nexus. The model is integrated with interval two-stage stochastic programming for reflecting system uncertainties. These uncertainties are associated with the industrial production feature and the decision-making process. With respect to water–energy nexus, energy proposed is mainly focused on the consumption intensity of water purification and transportation from different water sources. The developed model is applied for industrial water resources allocation management in Henan province, China. Multiple scenarios related to disparate energy consumption control and the comprehensive risk levels are simulated to obtain a reasonable trade-off among system profit, comprehensive risk, and energy consumption. The results indicated that the strict comprehensive risk management or energy consumption control measures could cause damage to system benefit owing to decreasing the flexibility of industrial water resources distributions, and the preliminary energy consumption or the comprehensive risk control would be beneficial to moderate the conflict between industrial sectors and water resources, and accelerate industrial structure transformation in the future.

Impacts and prognosis of natural resource development on water and wetlands in Canada’s boreal zone

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara L. Webster ◽  
Frederick D. Beall ◽  
Irena F. Creed ◽  
David P. Kreutzweiser
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Flow Regimes ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Boreal Zone ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Natural Flow Regimes

Industrial development within Canada’s boreal zone has increased in recent decades. Forest management activities, pulp and paper operations, electric power generation, mining, conventional oil and gas extraction, nonconventional oil sand development, and peat mining occur throughout the boreal zone with varying impacts on water resources. We review impacts of these industries on surface water, groundwater, and wetlands recognizing that heterogeneity in the dominance of different hydrologic processes (i.e., precipitation, evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge, and runoff generation) across the boreal zone influences the degree of impacts on water resources. Through the application of best management practices, forest certification programs, and science-based guidelines, timber, pulp and paper, and peat industries have reduced their impacts on water resources, although uncertainties remain about long-term recovery following disturbance. Hydroelectric power developments have moved toward reducing reservoir size and creating more natural flow regimes, although impacts of aging infrastructure and dam decommissioning is largely unknown. Mineral and metal mining industries have improved regulation and practices, but the legacy of abandoned mines across the boreal zone still presents an ongoing risk to water resources. Oil and gas industries, including non-conventional resources such as oil sands, is one of the largest industrial users of water and, while significant progress has been made in reducing water use, more work is needed to ensure the protection of water resources. All industries contribute to atmospheric deposition of pollutants that may eventually be released to downstream waters. Although most industrial sectors strive to improve their environmental performance with regards to water resources, disruptions to natural flow regimes and risks of degraded water quality exist at local to regional scales in the boreal zone. Addressing the emerging challenge of managing the expanding, intensifying, and cumulative effects of industries in conjunction with other stressors, such as climate change and atmospheric pollution, across the landscape will aid in preserving Canada’s rich endowment of water resources.

scholarly journals High Performance Energy-Aware Cloud Computing: A Scope of Future Computing

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-683
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Management ◽  
High Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Computing Environment ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Hybrid Techniques ◽  
Consumption Control

This publication discusses high-performance energyaware cloud (HPEAC) computing state-of-the-art strategies to acknowledgement and categorization of systems and devices, optimization methodologies, and energy / power control techniques in particular. System types involve single machines, clusters, networks, and clouds, while CPUs, GPUs, multiprocessors, and hybrid systems are known to be device types. Objective of Optimization incorporates multiple calculation blends, such as “execution time”, “consumption of energy”& “temperature” with the consideration of limiting power/energy consumption. Control measures usually involve scheduling policies, frequency based policies (DVFS, DFS, DCT), programmatic API’s for limiting the power consumptions (such as” Intel- RAPL”,” NVIDIA- NVML”), standardization of applications, and hybrid techniques. We address energy / power management software and APIs as well as methods and conditions in modern HPEACC systems for forecasting and/or simulating power/energy consumption. Eventually, programming examples are discussed, i.e. programs & tests used in specific works. Based on our study, we point out some areas and there significant issues related to tools & technologies, important for handling energy aware computations in HPEAC computing environment

An Empirical Study on Industrial Ecological Efficiency in Arid Resource Exploitation Region of Northwest China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xudong Zhou ◽  
Zhengkai Xue ◽  
Jumeniyaz Seydehmet
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Ecological Efficiency ◽  
Plan Period

Abstract Located in the northwest of China, Xinjiang is a typical arid desert area and mineral resources development zone. Lacking water resources and a fragile ecological environment restricts the sustainable development of the region. Based on the industrial panel data of Xinjiang from 2001 to 2015, this paper uses the Undesirable Output SBM model, Malmquist index model, and Tobit regression model to comprehensively and systematically measure and evaluate the industrial eco-efficiency and its change characteristics from provincial, regional and prefectural levels. The results show that:(1) The level of industrial eco-efficiency in Xinjiang is generally low, lower than the national average, but it has been rising steadily over time, from 0.36 in 2001 to 1.00 in 2008, and from 0.41 in the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period to 0.99 in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period. (2) The industrial ecological efficiency of Xinjiang is not balanced in space. Northern Xinjiang is larger than that of eastern Xinjiang and southern Xinjiang. The prefectures have uneven and asynchronous development, which can be divided into two development modes: industrial region and agriculture and animal husbandry region. (3) Through the decomposition analysis of the Malmquist index, it is found that the technology progress index is the restriction factor of the changing trend of TFP, while the technical efficiency index and the pure technical efficiency index are the promoting factors. (4) The main factors causing the loss of ecological efficiency are industrial sulfur dioxide emissions, industrial nitrogen oxide emissions, total industrial water consumption, general industrial solid waste. It can be seen that the emission of air pollutants and excessive industrial water are the main problems in the region. (5) Industrial ecological efficiency is positively correlated with industrial development level, scientific and technological innovation, industrial structure, and environmental planning, and negatively correlated with opening up and industrial agglomeration degree. (6) Xinjiang is an extremely arid and water-scarce region. These are the key and prerequisite of saving water resources and strengthening the comprehensive utilization of water resources. Water- saving should be given top priority no matter in industrial areas, or agricultural and animal husbandry areas.

scholarly journals Water–Energy Nexus in Typical Industrial Water Circuits

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel C. Oliveira ◽  
Muriel Iten ◽  
Henrique A. Matos ◽  
Jochen Michels
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Water Energy Nexus ◽  
Improvement Measures

Water–energy nexus has been recognized as an important and challenging issue, namely in industry. This is due to industry reforms, increasing demand, and climate change. This concept focuses on the link between energy and water infrastructure. Overall, there is limited understanding of the nature of this link, as it is assumed that water is not a threat to the energy sector or an influence of the electricity to the water resources. This work aims to present and evaluate case studies related to typical industrial water circuits. These circuits represent some of the most relevant industrial sectors in terms of water–energy nexus such as: steel industry, chemical industry, paper and pulp industry, and food industry. Moreover, these sectors also cover typical industrial water circuits, namely: cooling circuit, gas washing circuit, water treatment circuit, transportation circuit, and quenching circuit. The circuits have firstly been assembled in OpenModelica software considering the equipment and physical layout of each circuit. According to their actual operation conditions, the energy and water consumption have been estimated. Furthermore, water and energy efficiency improvement measures have been proposed and implemented into the assembled models. This enabled a techno-economic assessment based on the implementation of the improvement measures. In order to contextualise these results into the industrial trends, the achieved water and energy savings are projected into potential national and sectorial savings considering the current levels of water and energy demand for each sector.

scholarly journals Rethinking water resources management from water-energy nexus perspective — a research and comparison of Jing-Jin-Ji Region of China and California of the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 02024
Author(s):  
Shan Jiang ◽  
Yongnan Zhu ◽  
Lizhen Wang ◽  
Qingming Wang ◽  
Guohua He
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Water Energy Nexus

The relationship between water and energy is extremely close and complex, especially in water use system. However, the energy consumption of water systems has been ignored in water resources management due to the lack of deep understanding of the water-energy nexus. Based on analysis of waterrelated energy in water use, this paper selected Jing-Jin-Ji region of China and California of the United States to conduct a research study and found that the energy consumption of water use systems accounted for about 16% and 20% of the total electricity consumption of Jing-Jin-Ji region and California, respectively, water use has shifted more energy-intensive. This paper systematically quantified the urban water–energy relationship, analyzed the water supply structure and the energy efficiency and energy consumption in different water system sectors, and found that California’s total water use is 3.3 times that of Jing-Jin-Ji region, but the energy consumption of California’s water systems is only 2.3 times that of Jing-Jin-Ji region. This study suggests that water conservation is a cost-effective way to save energy, and it is necessary to quantitatively analyze the water-energy nexus for a more comprehensive and deep understanding of water resources management.

scholarly journals Pricing Strategy for Residential Water in Drought Years. Application to the City of Tianjin, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1073
Author(s):  
Bing Yu ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Jinggang Chu ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Guangtao Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Residential Water

In drought years, most residents fail to improve water use efficiency due to residential water supply normally being prioritized in many regions, which makes other low-priority industrial water users suffer more from water shortage. This paper proposes a Pricing Strategy for Residential Water (PSRW), a water tariff that changes on annual time scale, based on the scarcity value of water resources, aiming to promote residential water conservation and reallocate water resources across the residential and industrial sectors during droughts. An optimization model to maximize the total benefit of residents and industrial sectors is introduced based on marginal benefit and price elasticity. The water shortage of industrial sectors is used to reflect the scarcity of water resources, and the lowest water supply standard for households and the maximum proportion of household water fee expenditure (HWFE) to household disposable income (HDI) are used to ensure the residents’ acceptability to price raising. It shows an “S-type” relationship between the optimal price raising coefficient and industrial water shortage, and two turning points are found in the curve, which are the starting and stopping points of price raising. The appearance of starting point depends on the non-negative net benefit, and the stopping point is affected by the factors that represent the residents’ acceptability to price raising. The application to Tianjin, a city in northern China with the rapid growth of population and economy but scarce water resources, shows PSRW is a potential means to improve water efficiency and optimize water resource allocation in water scarcity situations.

Objectives of a Water Quality Monitoring Programme for the International River Basins in a Developing Country in Southern Africa – Mozambique

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
S J Hugman
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
International Obligations

Mozambique lies on the south-east coast of Africa. Its Independence, in 1975, was particularly difficult and severely disrupted the economy. All its major rivers rise in neighbouring countries and several, in particular those from South Africa and Swaziland, are already heavily used before crossing the border. Since 1977 the National Water Directorate has been responsible for management and development of water resources. The Directorate includes a hydrology department which maintains field-teams throughout the country. Virtually no water quality data are available from before 1972, when irregular sample collection began. Since Independence, sampling has continued but the Directorate has redefined the objectives of the programme to obtain maximum benefit from very limited resources. These objectives were chosen for economic, hydrological and political reasons. The long-term objectives are to provide the data required for agricultural and industrial development projects, to manage and maintain the quality of Mozambique's water resources, and to meet international obligations. In practice, the capacity of the hydrological service is insufficient to meet these objectives. The targets for the existing programme were therefore chosen to satisfy the most important objectives and to be feasible with present resources. The routine programme is being completely operated by technicians who have no more than nine years schooling.

scholarly journals How to Effectively Control Energy Consumption Growth in China’s 29 Provinces: A Paradigm of Multi-Regional Analysis Based on EAALMDI Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1093
Author(s):  
Yunlong Zhao ◽  
Geng Kong ◽  
Chin Hao Chong ◽  
Linwei Ma ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Consumption Growth ◽  
High Resolution Analysis ◽  
Resolution Analysis ◽  
Consumption Control

Controlling energy consumption to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has become a global consensus in response to the challenge of climate change. Most studies have focused on energy consumption control in a single region; however, high-resolution analysis of energy consumption and personalized energy policy-making, for multiple regions with differentiated development, have become a complicated challenge. Using the logarithmic mean Divisia index I (LMDI) decomposition method based on energy allocation analysis (EAA), this paper aims to establish a standard paradigm for a high-resolution analysis of multi-regional energy consumption and provide suggestions for energy policy-making, taking 29 provinces of China as the sample. The process involved three steps: (1) determination of regional priorities of energy consumption control by EAA, (2) revealing regional disparity among the driving forces of energy consumption growth by LMDI, and (3) deriving policy implications by comparing the obtained results with existing policies. The results indicated that 29 provinces can be divided into four groups, with different priorities of energy consumption control according to the patterns of coal flows. Most provinces have increasing levels of energy consumption, driven by increasing per capita GDP and improving living standards, while its growth is restrained by decreasing end-use energy intensity, improving energy supply efficiency, and optimization of industrial structures. However, some provinces are not following these trends to the same degree. This indicates that policy-makers must pay more attention to the different driving mechanisms of energy consumption growth among provinces.

scholarly journals Elevated Incidences of Antimicrobial Resistance and Multidrug Resistance in the Maumee River (Ohio, USA), a Major Tributary of Lake Erie

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 911
Author(s):  
Maitreyee Mukherjee ◽  
Leah Marie ◽  
Cheyenne Liles ◽  
Nadia Mustafa ◽  
George Bullerjahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Major Tributary ◽  
Very High

Maumee River, the major tributary in the western basin of Lake Erie, serves as one of major sources of freshwater in the area, supplying potable, recreational, and industrial water. In this study we collected water samples from four sites in the Maumee River Bay between 2016–2017 and E. coli was isolated, enumerated, and analyzed for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multidrug resistance (MDR). Strikingly, 95% of the total isolates were found to be resistant to at least one antibiotic. A very high resistance to the drugs cephalothin (95.3%), ampicillin (38.3%), tetracycline (8.8%), gentamicin (8.2%), ciprofloxacin (4.2%), cefoperazone (4%), and sulfamethoxazole (1.5%) was observed within isolates from all four sampling sites. Percentages of AMR and MDR was consistently very high in the summer and fall months, whereas it was observed to be lowest in the winter. A remarkably high number of the isolates were detected to be MDR—95% resistant to ≥1 antibiotic, 43% resistant to ≥2 antibiotics, 15% resistant to ≥3 antibiotics, 4.9% resistant to ≥4 antibiotic and 1.2% resistant to ≥5 antibiotics. This data will serve in better understanding the environmental occurrence and dissemination of AMR/MDR in the area and assist in improving and establishing control measures.

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