French airport runoff pollution management (water and sludge): toward a new approach based on constructed wetlands? Case of Aéroports de Paris – Orly (France)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Branchu ◽  
Laetitia Gres ◽  
Frederic Mougin ◽  
Martin Le Blanc ◽  
Emmanuelle Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Kinetic Constant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Rest Time

One of the environmental concerns for airport managers is stormwater management. Three kinds of contamination occur at airports: (1) chronic contamination, (2) seasonal contamination associated with de-icing procedures and (3) accidental pollution. At Orly Airport, a stormwater treatment plant (STEP) is devoted to removing chronic pollution. About 4 million m3 of water are processed yearly by the STEP, producing about 50–100 t of sludge. Mainly contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons (Hc), it is removed as final wastes. During the winter, the STEP is unable to treat organic load associated with de-icers (formate and glycol). In order to improve onsite stormwater management, two experiments were carried out in real conditions between 2008 and 2010. The first one dealt with the ability of two vertical flow planted beds (VFPB) associated with two kinds of plant to treat waters contaminated by de-icers. Organic loads of up to 2,094 mg/L chemical oxygen demand (COD) were passed through sand filters in a closed-loop system. Organic degradation was characterized by a first-order kinetic constant driven by nutrient availability. Nutrient (N, P) addition was then necessary to reach treatment objectives (40 mg/L COD). The second system evaluated sludge Hc removal by four VFPB associated with several plant species. This experiment showed that the measured Hc removal rates of 70% for sludge and 95% for water did not depend on the choice of plant and that a rest time was necessary to allow Hc removal. Finally, a treatment system, based on VFPB, should be a good alternative which could optimize both sludge and contaminated water management.

scholarly journals Performance of slow sand filters in the after-treatment of effluent from Pernambuco state textile center

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alanna Maria do Nascimento Bezerra ◽  
Marcos Henrique Gomes Ribeiro ◽  
Artur Paiva Coutinho ◽  
Ana Emília Carvalho de Gusmão da Cunha Rabelo ◽  
Elizabeth Amaral Pastich Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Legal Limits ◽  
Effluent Treatment Plant ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
State Textile

Jean laundering generates significant effluent flows with a high organic load, color, and other pollutants, making it difficult to adjust effluent releases within legal limits. Slow Sand Filters (SSF) with downflow were tested for seven days (bench scale), to propose an after-treatment of effluents from an Effluent Treatment Plant of a jean laundry. The research evaluated the removal of the following parameters: color, turbidity, chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, conductivity, ammonia, total phosphorus and salinity of the textile effluent. The experimental apparatus had four SSF: the first filter was fed with distilled water, while the other three filters (triplicates) were fed with effluent. The filters had, on average, the following removal efficiencies: 91% for ammonia, 61.24% color, 89.43% turbidity, and 83.54% for phosphorus. Regarding the removal of organic matter, 98.11% for BOD and 81.17% for COD, demonstrating that SSFs were efficient in removing particulate, dissolved materials and organic matter.

Sustainable wastewater management technology for tourism in Thailand: case and experimental studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1977-1984
Author(s):  
W. Liamlaem ◽  
L. Benjawan ◽  
C. Polprasert
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Constant ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Thailand has adopted the concept of eco-tourism as a protocol to protect environmental resources. One of the key factors in enabling the achievement of this goal is the improvement of the quality of effluent from those homestays and resorts which still lack efficient on-site wastewater treatment. This research utilized case studies of subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs), planted mainly with the Indian shot (Canna indica L.), which were designed to treat wastewaters at three resorts located in Amphawa District, Samut Songkram Province in central Thailand. The results showed that the treated effluent was of sufficient quality to meet the building effluent standards Type C, which require the concentrations of biological oxygen demand (BOD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and suspended solids (SS) to be less than 40, 40 and 50 mg/L, respectively. In addition, the first-order kinetic constants for the design and operation of SFCWs were determined. For treating wastewater containing organic substances, with no prior pre-treatment, the first-order kinetic constant of 0.24 1/d can be applied to predict effluent quality. For treating other types of domestic wastewater, a first-order kinetic constant in the range 0.40–0.45 1/d can be used when sizing and operating SFCWs. This research highlights the great potential of SFCWs as a sustainable wastewater management technology.

Treatment of high organic content wastewater from food-processing industry with the French vertical flow constructed wetland system

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paing ◽  
V. Serdobbel ◽  
M. Welschbillig ◽  
M. Calvez ◽  
V. Gagnon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Food Processing Industry ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This study aimed at determining the treatment performances of a full-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands designed to treat wastewater from a food-processing industry (cookie factory), and to study the influence of the organic loading rate. The full-scale treatment plant was designed with a first vertical stage of 630 m², a second vertical stage of 473 m² equipped with a recirculation system and followed by a final horizontal stage of 440 m². The plant was commissioned in 2011, and was operated at different loading rates during 16 months for the purpose of this study. Treatment performances were determined by 24 hour composite samples. The mean concentration of the raw effluent was 8,548 mg.L−1 chemical oxygen demand (COD), 4,334 mg.L−1 biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), and 2,069 mg.L−1 suspended solids (SS). Despite low nutrients content with a BOD5/N/P ratio of 100/1.8/0.5, lower than optimum for biological degradation (known as 100/5/1), mean removal performances were very high with 98% for COD, 99% for BOD5 and SS for the two vertical stages. The increasing of the organic load from 50 g.m−2.d−1 COD to 237 g.m−2.d−1 COD (on the first stage) did not affect removal performances. The mean quality of effluent reached French standards (COD < 125 mg.L−1, BOD5 < 25 mg.L−1, SS < 35 mg.L−1).

Modelling Nitrification of a Lagoon Effluent in Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactors

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight Houweling ◽  
Frédéric Monette ◽  
Louise Millette ◽  
Yves Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Total Ammonia

Abstract A pilot study was performed at the Sainte-Julie wastewater treatment plant to evaluate the potential of using the Moving-Bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) process for removing BOD5 (5-day biochemical oxygen demand) and ammonia nitrogen in a two-stage process at the exit of the first lagoon. Nitrification was observed in the first reactor at rates similar to those reported in the literature for a similar biomass carrier when bulk liquid dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations were 6 g of O2 per m3. Nitrification rates were significantly reduced when DO was reduced to 3 g of O2 per m3. DO concentrations were maintained at 6 g of O2 per m3 in the second reactor, and nitrification rates comparable to those reported in the literature were observed for a temperature range of 3 to 16°C. An empirical DO-limited model was validated for the first reactor while in the second reactor nitrification was found to be either DO limited or total-ammonia-nitrogen limited, depending on nitrification rates in the upstream reactor. The DO-limited model predicts that the MBBR process is more sensitive to organic load than it is to temperature. A commercially available numerical model was calibrated to the results of the pilot study. Model results indicate that detachment and attachment rates play an important role in determining nitrification rates in the biofilm. Similar nitrification rates in an MBBR system installed upstream and downstream from an aerated lagoon in winter conditions were predicted using the empirical DO-limited model.

scholarly journals Effect of adding microorganism and carbon source to substrate on nitrogen removal treating the drainage of WWTP

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1947-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Wei ◽  
Li Ting-mei ◽  
Cheng Lu-lu ◽  
Liu Lu ◽  
Yu Lu-ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Carbon Release ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Excellent Property

Abstract Developing substrate with carbon release properties is helpful to enhance nitrogen removal in low C/N ratio wastewater treatment. In this study, substrates with and without adding carbon source and microorganism were prepared to treat the drainage effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), the difference in nitrogen removal were investigated. The results showed that adding a carbon source and microorganism to substrates could not only increase the amount of chemical oxygen demand (COD) released, but also enhance the adsorption capacities of NH4+-N and NO3–-N. The carbon release process followed the first-order kinetic equation. A nitrogen removal model consisting of four phases of diffusion, adsorption, assimilation and transformation was proposed. In the short term, nitrogen was mainly removed by adsorption; adding microorganism contributed to enhance nitrification and denitrification. In the long-term, nitrogen removal performances were similar whether microorganism was added or not, and microbial species on the surface of substrates were similar. This work suggested when using substrate to treat wastewater for nitrogen removal, preparing a substrate with excellent property for biofilm formation was the most important factor.

The use of bottle caps as submerged aerated filter medium

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1518-1525
Author(s):  
Laurence Damasceno de Oliveira ◽  
Amir Mohaghegh Motlagh ◽  
Ramesh Goel ◽  
Beatriz de Souza Missagia ◽  
Benício Alves de Abreu Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

In this study, a submerged aerated filter (SAF) using bottle caps as a support medium was evaluated. The system was fed with effluent from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket system at ETE 2-South wastewater treatment plant, under different volumetric organic load rates (VOLRs). The population of a particular nitrifying microbial community was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization with specific oligonucleotide probes. The system showed an average removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) equal to 76% for VOLRs between 2.6 and 13.6 kg COD m−3_media.day−1. The process of nitrification in conjunction with the removal of organic matter was observed from applying VOLRs lower than 5.5 kg COD m−3_media.day−1 resulting in 78% conversion of NH4+-N. As the applied organic load was reduced, an increase in the nitrifying bacteria population was observed compared with total 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) stained cells. Generally, SAF using bottle caps as a biological aerated filter medium treating wastewater from an anaerobic system showed promising removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and conversion of NH4+-N.

Sodium hydroxide pretreatment of ensiled sorghum forage and wheat straw to increase methane production

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2447-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sambusiti ◽  
E. Ficara ◽  
M. Rollini ◽  
M. Manzoni ◽  
F. Malpei
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Kinetic Constant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Naoh Pretreatment ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Anaerobic Degradability ◽  
Ensiled Sorghum Forage

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sodium hydroxide pretreatment on the chemical composition and the methane production of ensiled sorghum forage and wheat straw. NaOH pretreatment was conducted in closed bottles, at 40 °C for 24 h. Samples were soaked in a NaOH solution at different dosages (expressed in terms of total solids (TS) content) of 1 and 10% gNaOH/gTS, with a TS concentration of 160 gTS/L. At the highest NaOH dosage the reduction of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin was 31, 66 and 44%, and 13, 45 and 3% for sorghum and wheat straw, respectively. The concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) in the liquid phase after the pretreatment was also improved both for wheat straw and sorghum (up to 24 and 33%, respectively). Total sugars content increased up to five times at 10% gNaOH/gTS with respect to control samples, suggesting that NaOH pretreatment improves the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicelluloses. The Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) tests showed that the NaOH pretreatment favoured the anaerobic degradability of both substrates. At 1 and 10% NaOH dosages, the methane production increased from 14 to 31% for ensiled sorghum forage and from 17 to 47% for wheat straw. The first order kinetic constant increased up to 65% for sorghum and up to 163% for wheat straw.

Stormwater treatment by dissolved air flotation: first results from a pilot project

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bernard ◽  
P. Herviou ◽  
T. Poujol
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
First Results ◽  
Important Input ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

A stormwater treatment plant using dissolved air flotation was operated in 1993, at the outlet of the Chelles River catchment area (Seine-et-Marne, France). The process was divided into two different stages. Firstly, a coagulation/flocculation stage, secondly a flotation stage in a flotation tank. The flow rate was set at 13 m3/h. Stormwater was the main part of the effluent but with some urban wastewater as the network is not strictly separate. The process efficiency was tested for suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and hydrocarbons. A total hydrocarbon removal was observed. Finally, constant output concentrations were observed in spite of important input roughwater concentration variations.

scholarly journals Physicochemical assessment of urban wastewater of Cotonou (Benin)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed M. Arêmou Daouda ◽  
S. Peace Hounkpè ◽  
M. Belfrid Djihouessi ◽  
A. V. Onesime Akowanou ◽  
Martin Pépin Aïna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Commercial Laundry

Abstract The present study aims to fill the data gap analysis in urban wastewaters characteristics in Benin and its statistical analysis. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Total Phosphorus (TP) and UV Absorbance at 254 nm, were determined on domestic (greywater and blackwater) and industrial (hospital, pharmaceutical and commercial laundry) wastewater in Cotonou city. Analysis of variance showed a strong significant difference in the physico-chemistry of the various effluents. The pharmaceutical wastewater has the highest concentration of organic pollution (COD = 5,912 ± 1,026 mg/L, Abs.UV254 = 2.667 ± 0.327 cm−1). The organic load of blackwater is mainly in particulate and biodegradable form. Besides, the correlation study showed the limits of pH and EC as an indicator of organic load. Furthermore, the choice of COD or BOD5 as the main design parameter would be limited to blackwater treatment. Abs.UV254 was found to be the parameter having a strong relationship with other parameters of all effluents except blackwater. It then takes priority over COD for the treatment of greywater and industrial wastewater. For future wastewater treatment plant design, we recommend to consider Abs.UV254 as an important parameter.

Side effects of cultured bacteria addition in wastewater collection system on plant operations – a case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjin Liu ◽  
Giraldo Eugenio
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Odor Control ◽  
Plant Operations ◽  
Cultured Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Collection

Cultured bacteria addition is one of the technologies used for odor control and FOG (fat, oil, and grease) removal in wastewater collection systems. This study investigated the efficiency of bacterial addition on wastewater odor control by conducting a set of full scale trials in a 60,000 cubic meter per day system for a period of two years. The objectives of this study were: (i) to identify factors that could impact wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operations due to the effect of bacterial addition in the collection system, (ii) to estimate/understand the level of those impacts, and (iii) to present some interesting findings from the completed case study. The plant operation data before and during the bacterial addition were reviewed. The application of the cultured bacteria presented in the study was found to have significant impacts on the operation of the WWTP in terms of influent biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS) loading, primary settling, sludge production, energy use, dissolved sulfides concentration, and methane production.

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