scholarly journals River rehabilitation in urban areas – restrictions, possibilities and positive results

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 944-952
Author(s):  
Michael Weyand ◽  
Ludgerus Rullich
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
River Rehabilitation ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
The Given ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
River Bottom

Abstract Reaching the goal of good ecological status stipulated by the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) is generally difficult in German rivers. Appropriate habitat conditions for multiple and abundant incidence of flora and fauna are still missing. Existing water bodies, particularly in urban areas, are extremely affected by anthropogenic-induced pressures, resulting in reinforced river bottoms and river banks. In such regions, river rehabilitation is a challenging task and often requires a step by step approach to alter the given conditions. Nevertheless, work must be done and may create successful results as in the case of the Sprockhoevel creek. Over recent years this 11-km-long river in the western and industrialised part of the Ruhr River basin has partly been changed in shape to better resemble nature. Such change implies the widening of the river bed, the improvement of the river bottom by inserting natural gravel substrate, the removal of drop structures and the construction of a new river bed. Presently, this part of the river has again become a valuable habitat for aquatic life. Moreover, the area surrounding the rehabilitated Sprockhoevel creek is now also attractive for the neighbourhood community. Rehabilitation projects have the additional effects of reconnecting people to nature, encouraging public interest in near-natural aquatic systems, and catalysing further investments in similar projects.

scholarly journals Impact of Land Use and Runoff on Stream Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia S. Karlsen ◽  
Mogens R. Flindt ◽  
Melanie J. Sønderup ◽  
Martin H. Madsen ◽  
Sara Egemose
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Invertebrate Composition ◽  
Urban Catchments ◽  
Stream Quality ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Climate changes, intensive agricultural production, and expanding urban areas make the study of runoff and its possible impact on stream quality increasingly important. In this study, we examined large datasets concerning catchment type, stream quality, and invertebrate composition in a comprehensive geographic information system study. The aim was to examine correlations between land use type and quality of the receiving waters to detect possible differences in anthropogenic impacts. The studied area covered 937 km2, and the dataset included 1672 stretches of streams and data from 468 fauna sampling stations. Runoff from agricultural areas more negatively influenced the stream quality than runoff from urban areas. Considering urban catchments, the areas with separate sewer systems generally influenced the stream quality less than catchments with combined sewer systems. In conclusion, the catchment of any specific stream must contain an area with a minimum of 20–30% without agriculture or urban areas to obtain good ecological status; when focusing only on the riparian zone (10 m on each side of the stream), a minimum of 40–55% is needed to create a good ecological status. Therefore, management focus on the entire catchment is important and separate sewers should be preferred rather than combined sewers.

scholarly journals Influence of Anthropogenic Loads on Surface Water Status: A Case Study in Lithuania

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4341
Author(s):  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Daiva Šileikienė ◽  
Vitas Marozas ◽  
Laura Čiteikė
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Agricultural Pollution ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Water Catchment ◽  
Lake Basins

Twenty-six water bodies and 10 ponds were selected for this research. Anthropogenic loads were assessed according to pollution sources in individual water catchment basins. It was determined that 50% of the tested water bodies had Ntotal values that did not correspond to the good and very good ecological status classes, and 20% of the tested water bodies had Ptotal values that did not correspond to the good and very good ecological status classes. The lake basins and ponds received the largest amounts of pollution from agricultural sources with total nitrogen at 1554.13 t/year and phosphorus at 1.94 t/year, and from meadows and pastures with total nitrogen at 9.50 t/year and phosphorus at 0.20 t/year. The highest annual load of total nitrogen for lake basins on average per year was from agricultural pollution from arable land (98.85%), and the highest total phosphorus load was also from agricultural pollution from arable land (60%).

scholarly journals Macrophyte assessment in European lakes: Diverse approaches but convergent views of ‘good’ ecological status

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Poikane ◽  
Rob Portielje ◽  
Luc Denys ◽  
Didzis Elferts ◽  
Martyn Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Status ◽  
Good Ecological Status

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL METHOD OF STRUGGLE AGAINST THE BASIC WRECKERS OF THE SWEET CORN IN R. OF MOLDOVA

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asea Timus ◽  
N. Croitoru
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biological Method ◽  
Trichogramma Evanescens ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Given ◽  
Harmful Species

Every year, the demand of ecological products in the world is increasing more and more. Republic of Moldova also aspires to expand the areas of agricultural crops to get production with the "ecological" status. The sweet corn, is one of these cultures and every year the areas increase. However, because of the considerable develop of harmful insects on cultural fields, the damage reaches up to 15-20 % and more it is necessary to take measures of struggle. One of these, is a biological method and in this case it has appeared effective. For the period of sweet corn cultivation, excepting for the technology observance of cultivation of the given culture, there have been used biological methods of struggle against harmful insects. Depending on climatic conditions of each zone of the country where it is grown up this culture, different species of harmful insects develop. In R. Moldova, begining with year 2000, have been registered the following harmful species of insects on sweet corn: Aphis spp. (Aphididae); Agrotis spp. (Elateridae); Blaps halophila Fisch. (Tenebrionidae); Phylotreta spp. (Chrysomelidae); Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Noctuidae) Ostrinia nubilalis Hb. (Pyraustidae). The constant useful fauna which develops due to these harmful species is: Nabis spp. (Miridae); Chrysopa spp., (Chrysopidae); Coccinella spp. (Coccinelidae) and others. That is why, annually are let out individuals from species Trichogramma evanescens W., to reduce the number of harmful species H. armigera Hubner. This species annually damages on different cultures, including on sweet corn. The results on released trichogrammas in 2005, for struggle against harmful species H. armigera Hubner, are presented in this work.

scholarly journals Its present state overmoistened landscape systems of Lviv Region

2014 ◽  
pp. 347-354
Author(s):  
N. Blazhko
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Present State ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Wetland Landscape ◽  
Current State ◽  
Destabilizing Factors ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Stabilizing Factors

Reviewed the current state of wetland landscape systems (PLC) Lviv region. Highlighted areas PLC of good ecological status, with a satisfactory ecological condition and unsatisfactory environmental conditions. Key words: overmoistened landscape systems (OLS)peat, peat, drainage improvement, environmental stabilizing factors, environmental destabilizing factors.

scholarly journals Interactions of the Effects of Provenances and Habitats on the Growth of Scots Pine in Two Provenance Tests in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirzeta Memišević Hodžić ◽  
Dalibor Ballian
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Provenance Test ◽  
The Given

This research aims to determine the interaction of the effects of provenance and habitat conditions on provenance tests on the growth of Scots pine on two experimental plots in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Provenance tests are located on plots with different ecological conditions and altitudes: Romanija Glasinac, 1000 m, and Gostović Zavidovići, 480 m. Both tests include 11 provenances and two clonal seed plantations with 10 families in each, and five repetitions. Tree heights and diameters at breast height were measured at the age of 21 years. Interactions were determined using multivariate analysis for measured traits. The highest average heights on the provenance test Glasinac had provenances Bugojno, Romanija Glasinac, and Šipovo (8.8 m), and on the Gostović provenance Rogatica (11.0 m). The highest average diameter at breast height on the Glasinac test had Šipovo provenance (13.9 cm) and on the Gostović test Bosanski Petrovac provenance (12.3 cm). Variance analysis showed statistically significant differences among provenances in terms of diameter at breast height and height values. Multivariate analysis showed the presence of interactions of effects of provenances and habitat conditions on provenance tests. For provenances that did not show interaction, it is recommended to use provenances that performed better in the given ecological conditions, and for those that showed interaction, it is necessary to choose those provenances which are expected to show better results in given conditions later in life. The obtained results are very important for the conservation activities of this species.

Hurdles for implementation of constructed wetlands as Nature-based Solutions in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Andrés García Murcia ◽  
Fernando Jaramillo ◽  
Sofia Wikström
Keyword(s):  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Status ◽  
Natural Wetlands ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Background Context

<p>Eutrophication in the Baltic Sea has been one of the major environmental issues during the last century partly due to extensive land-use change, loss of natural retention systems, and insufficient management. European legislation such as the Water Framework Directive (WFD) attempts to guide the recovery of good ecological status from freshwater to the sea, and suggests wetlands as ecosystems that can potentially contribute to achieving this goal. Wetlands are considered remarkable Nature-based Solutions (NbS) for improving water quality by diminishing the nutrient loads. This study aims to set a background context of the WFD implementation in Sweden, determine the status of constructed wetlands, and evaluate the stakeholders’ perspectives to identify the main administrative hurdles of wetland implementation in Sweden. For this purpose, we conducted a narrative review, database analysis, and semi-structured interviews with members of the institutions involved in water management. Our results show that it is essential to find synergies among the WFD and other directives to expand cross-sectoral cooperation, implement adjustments on the funding scheme that includes restoration and maintenance of natural wetlands, and increase compensation periods and cost ceiling. Likewise, it is crucial to perform significant improvements in the monitoring system, including more frequent data collection, as well as exploring new strategies to capture landowners’ interest in the implementation of NbS, such as the Catchment Officers program. Finally, we suggest paludiculture as a promising farming practice to increase proprietors’ attention on novel market alternatives, and in turn, to provide benefits for climate, water, and biodiversity.</p><p><strong>Keywords </strong>Wetlands management · Water Framework Directive · Nature-based Solutions · Eutrophication · Semi-structured interviews · Sweden</p>

scholarly journals Development of a fish-based index for the assessment of the ecological status of Lake Balaton in the absence of present day reference condition

2020 ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Specziár ◽  
Tibor Erős
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Lake Balaton ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Good Ecological Status ◽  
Electric Fishing

A fish-based index is proposed to indicate the ecological status of Lake Balaton, Hungary in accordance with the standard of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). The Balaton fish index (BFI) synthetises information of 13 lake-specific fish metrics including gillnetting and electric fishing data of species richness of native assemblages, relative abundance, biomass and age structure of native key species, representation of non-native species and general health status. The main anthropogenic pressures considered were the degradation of littoral habitats, invasion of non-native fish species, eutrophication and fishing/angling including stocking. Ecological quality ratio (EQR) is assessed by relating actual fish assemblage metrics to the supposed undisturbed reference status of Lake Balaton reconstructed by expert judgement based on recent and historic information on the fish fauna and its changes. Values of BFI were consistent and indicated good ecological status of Lake Balaton in the period of 2005–2018. This study provides an example on how an EQR assessment methodology might be established in unique habitats with no possibilities for statistical evaluation of pressure-respond relationships and exact determination of the reference status.

scholarly journals Impact of potash mining in streams: the Llobregat basin (northeast Spain) as a case study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Ladrera ◽  
Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles ◽  
Narcís Prat
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Potash Mining ◽  
Rivers And Streams ◽  
Fluvial Habitat ◽  
Good Ecological Status

Potash mining is significantly increasing the salt concentration of rivers and streams due to lixiviates coming from the mine tailings. In the present study, we have focused on the middle Llobregat basin (northeast Spain), where an important potash mining activity exists from the beginning of the XX century. Up to 50 million tonnes of saline waste have been disposed in the area, mainly composed of sodium chloride. We assessed the ecological status of streams adjacent to the mines by studying different physicochemical and hydromorphological variables, as well as aquatic macroinvertebrates. We found extraordinary high values of salinity in the studied streams, reaching conductivities up to 132.4 mS/cm. Salt-polluted streams were characterized by a deterioration of the riparian vegetation and the fluvial habitat. Both macroinvertebrate richness and abundance decreased with increasing salinity. In the most polluted stream only two families of macroinvertebrates were found: Ephydridae and Ceratopogonidae. According to the biotic indices IBMWP and IMMi-T, none of the sites met the requirements of the Water Framework Directive (WFD; i.e., good ecological status). Overall, we can conclude that potash-mining activities have the potential to cause severe ecological damage to their surrounding streams. This is mainly related to an inadequate management of the mine tailings, leading to highly saline runoff and percolates entering surface waters. Thus, we urge water managers and policy makers to take action to prevent, detect and remediate salt pollution of rivers and streams in potash mining areas.

scholarly journals Development of a Sanitation Safety Plan for improving the sanitation system in peri-urban areas of Iringa, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Domini ◽  
G. Langergraber ◽  
L. Rondi ◽  
S. Sorlini ◽  
S. Maswaga
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Safety Plan ◽  
First Results ◽  
Assessment Matrix ◽  
Planning Methodology ◽  
The Given

The Sanitation Safety Planning methodology is implemented within a cooperation project in Iringa, Tanzania. The study presents the methodology and its adaptation and use for the given context, in order to assess risks and to support stakeholders in improving the current sanitation system and validate the design of an improved one. First results of the application of the methodology, obtained in one of the four peri-urban wards of Iringa, demonstrated its efficacy and utility in prioritising risks and identifying cost-effective control measures. Risks were assessed by the use of a semi-quantitative approach, and a simplified risk assessment matrix was developed for the case study. A sensitivity analysis was carried out in order to evaluate criteria for prioritising control measures to be selected for the development of an achievable improvement plan.

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