Implementation of a wastewater treatment plant operation support tool based on on-line simulation

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Jumar ◽  
R. Tschepetzki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Cost

The operators of modern wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are faced with increasing demands. Beyond the requirement to consistently meet discharge limits for pollutant loads, the cost efficiency of plant operation is becoming more and more important. This results in new challenges for automatic control and human control action. On-line simulation opens up interesting perspectives to provide comprehensive process information, serving as a base for optimised operation of WWTPs. This paper describes the development and application of a computer analysis and support tool for the large-scale municipal WWTP of the city of Magdeburg, Germany. It will show that by linking a simulation server to the Distributed Control System (DCS) relevant additional features for plant control arise. A good cost-benefit ratio of the system is achieved by using web techniques for implementing the software.

Status and future trends of ICA in wastewater treatment – a European perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Jeppsson ◽  
J. Alex ◽  
M.N. Pons ◽  
H. Spanjers ◽  
P.A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Time Control ◽  
The Status ◽  
On Line

The status of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) within the European wastewater community is reviewed and some major incentives and bottlenecks are defined. Future trends of ICA are also discussed. The information is based on a COST 624 workshop and a non-exhaustive survey with regard to ICA carried out in 13 European countries during March 2001. The level of instrumentation (type of sensors, usage frequency, etc.) and how these instruments are used for on-line control purposes are presented for each individual country (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland). The most common types of applied real-time control in wastewater treatment plants are given. One conclusion of the paper is that sensors no longer represent the main bottleneck for on-line control, rather the lack of plant flexibility is more troublesome. Moreover, the current transitional phase of the wastewater industry in Europe represents a unique opportunity to apply ICA on a large scale. The driving forces are simply too strong to ignore.

New simulators for the optimum management and operation of wastewater treatment plant

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
E. Ayesa ◽  
G. Garralon ◽  
A. Rivas ◽  
J. Suescun ◽  
L. Larrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Plant Exploitation ◽  
Plant Data ◽  
The Common ◽  
Optimum Management ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This paper presents the basic description and the first full-scale implementation of a new kind of simulator specially designed to facilitate and improve the management and operation of modern wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). This new kind of simulator for plant operation is specifically adapted to every WWTP and the software is developed considering the common needs of the operators in plant exploitation. The internal structure of the plant operation simulator is based on a complete connection between the real data and the mathematical model of the plant. The software is then able to perform the processing, storage and management of the plant data and to predict the evolution of the process reading the required inputs from its stored files. The results obtained with the first application recommend the implementation of this new kind of simulators for plant operation in other treatment plants. However, it is important to note that the application of this technology implies a systematic and rigorous methodology in the acquisition and processing of the most significant plant data.

Model and Sensor Based Optimization of Nitrogen Removal at Klagshamn Wastewater Treatment Plant

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1315-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Aspegren ◽  
B. Andersson ◽  
U. Nyberg ◽  
J. la C. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
On Line ◽  
Ammonia Sensors

Optimization of wastewater treatment plants with extensive phosphorus and nitrogen removal is complicated. The Klagshamn wastewater treatment plant in Sweden is operated with pre-precipitation of phosphorus with ferric chloride and denitrification with methanol as carbon source. An activated sludge process, operated with pre-precipitation and denitrification with external carbon source in a compartmentalized plant, requires only small tank volumes but increases the need for proper operation and optimization. On-line nitrogen, ammonia, and TOC sensors are used for a day-to-day control and optimization while mathematical modelling is used for long term strategic planning. The on-line measurements are further used as the basis for the modelling. TOC and ammonia sensors at the influent clearly identify typical and extreme loading variations and nitrate measurements in the activated sludge tanks and the effluent shows the dynamics of the processes. These measurements provide a basis for model calibration. In combination low residuals of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter can be achieved.

scholarly journals Ecosystem services provision by gully control. A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Romero-Díaz ◽  
E. Díaz-Pereira ◽  
J. De Vente
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cultural Ecological ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Gully Control

Gully erosion causes severe damage to crops and infrastructures and affects the provision of ecosystem services worldwide. To assess the potential of gully control measures to protect ecosystem services and assess the conditions required for their large-scale implementation, this paper critically evaluates a range of gully control measures documented in the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT). Environmental and socio-economic impacts of technologies are assessed, as well as the implications for ecosystem services, costs and benefits of implementation, and stakeholder’s perception. It is demonstrated how gully control measures provide notable on-site and off-site benefits for socio-economic, cultural, ecological, and production goals, and to protect crucial ecosystem services. Control measures particularly contribute to soil and water conservation and to regulating ecosystem services by controlling soil erosion, water cycling, and natural hazards. Most effective control measures consist of combined vegetative and structural measures and of catchment wide interventions. While implementation of gully control can initially be expensive, on the long term, the cost-benefit ratio is usually positive. Moreover, the results emphasize the importance of evaluating control measures considering monetary aspects and all ecosystem services they provide. Nevertheless, individual farmers can often not afford the implementation and maintenance costs due to barriers for implementation and therefore require sustained institutional support. 

scholarly journals Modelling impacts of seasonal wastewater treatment plant effluent permits and biosolid substitution for phosphorus management in catchments and river systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Whitehead ◽  
M. N. Futter ◽  
S. Comber ◽  
D. Butterfield ◽  
L. Pope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
River Systems

The issues of diffuse and point source phosphorus (P) pollution in river systems are presented using a catchment model to assess nutrient behaviour, seasonal effluent standards and biosolid substitution. A process-based, dynamic water quality model (INCA-P) has been applied to four UK catchments, namely, the Rivers Tywi, Wensum, Lunan and Hampshire Avon, to simulate water fluxes, sediments, total phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations. The model has been used to assess impacts of both agricultural runoff and point P sources from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) on water quality. With increasing costs for P fertilizer and P reduction at WWTPs, a strategy of recycling P from WWTPs as biosolids to substitute for fertilizers in vulnerable catchments has been investigated. Significant reductions in P concentrations are achieved if this substitution were implemented on a large scale. Reductions in SRP of between 6% and 41% can be achieved using this strategy. The effects of implementing new WWTP standards are shown to reduce SRP by 30%. Seasonal consent standards applied in only summer months could reduce SRP by 53% and achieve a substantial reduction in treatment costs year round.

Benchmarking plant operation and instrumentation, control and automation in the wastewater industry

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
P. Ingildsen ◽  
P. Lant ◽  
G. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Key Performance Indicators ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Volume Energy

Benchmarking is an effective tool to compare the performance of full-scale wastewater treatment plant operation. In this study, 29 wastewater treatment plants from eight countries were surveyed with the aim of developing some key performance indicators, which may be used for benchmarking purposes. The level of utilisation of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) has also been measured. The study of ICA utilisation revealed that on average only 23% of all sensors are used for online control. For most parameters, ICA is not the single dominant factor determining performance, although it is the factor that has the highest potential to improve performance. Eighty percent of the participating plants had implemented new control during the last five years leading to improvements in nitrogen and phosphorous removal, energy efficiency and ease of operation. The survey has quantified how “non-standardised” wastewater treatment plant operational practice is. Some simple key performance indicators are derived that relate the level of removal of ammonium, total nitrogen, phosphorous and suspended solids to the resources needed for their removal, i.e. volume, energy, organic matter and precipitation chemicals. Several indicators are suggested for each substance. The indicators show a great difference from the best to the poorest performance indicating that improvement potentials exist at many plants.

scholarly journals Methodology for Optimizing Sewage Sludge Treatment, Valorization and Disposal Methods. Application to the Marrakech (Morocco) Wastewater Treatment Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-318
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Support Tool

Wastewater treatment leads to a significant production of about 150 to 200 kg of sludge per population equivalent (P.E) per year, with a humidity level higher than 90%. The treatment and discharge of this sludge involves high costs for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), which can amount to up to 60% of their total operating cost. The environmental and public health aspect should also be carefully considered during evacuation as sludge may contain harmful elements. Currently, several treatment, valorization and disposal methods are possible for sludge. In order to respect the various constraints on the possibilities of discharging sludge and to minimize its cost, a reasonable approach must be followed to establish an optimal management path according to the WWTP situation. The objective of this work is to develop a methodology for optimizing sludge treatment, valorization and disposal methods for a given WWTP. This method is based on operational research technique. The methodology follows the following six steps: description of the existing situation, identification of possible treatment, valorization and disposal methods for the WWTP and development of a decision tree specific to the WWTP, mathematical formulation and assumptions, mathematical resolution and sensitivity analysis, validation of the solution and application of the solution. After the application of this methodology, a decision support tool is developed to define the optimal method(s) for sludge management in the WWTP. According to the example of the application of this methodology on sludge management of the WWTP of Marrakech (Morocco), the optimal solution, with respect to the data used and keeping the installations in place, is the application of agricultural spreading after the sludge treatments which are: thickening, anaerobic digestion, mechanical dehydration and solar drying. On a 20-year operation, an average gain of about €10 (110 DHs) per ton of dry solid (DS) incoming is generated.

Field Verification of On-Line Instrumentation at a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 669-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon W. Speirs ◽  
Robert D. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Field Verification ◽  
On Line

As part of a full-scale project to demonstrate the advantages of using automated process control in wastewater treatment plants, on-line sensors used in various control loops were calibrated and/or verified during control system commissioning and startup. The on-line measurements included liquid flow rates, air flow rates, suspended solids concentrations, and dissolved oxygen concentrations. The methods used to confirm instrument performance are presented along with results that show that several instruments were found to operate outside the manufacturers' written specifications. In addition, on-line methods which can help determine when recalibrations are required, and thereby help to reduce maintenance costs and ensure reliability, are also presented.

Feedforward aeration control of a Biocos wastewater treatment plant

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wett ◽  
K. Ingerie
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
On Line ◽  
Nitrogen Elimination ◽  
And Control ◽  
Influent Flow ◽  
Aeration Control

The Biocos strategy as a cyclical time controlled activated sludge system shows a great variability in operation and control. One topic such a type of treatment plant has to deal with is the optimum relation between aerobic and anoxic conditions. The aeration control has to adapt the length of the nitrification phases to the current constraints in order to save operational costs and maximise nitrogen elimination. Since wastewater treatment plants up to a certain size are usually not equipped with on-line nitrogen probes, influent flow and temperature can be taken as control parameters for the aeration system. The defined relation between influent flow and ammonia load is based on measurements and the relation between ammonia load and required aeration time is model based.

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