scholarly journals Production of activated carbon from poultry feathers for waste water treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1407-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rue Chiramba ◽  
Gratitude Charis ◽  
Nonhlanhla Fungura ◽  
Gwiranai Danha ◽  
Tirivaviri Mamvura
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Poultry Feathers

Abstract Contamination of water bodies by heavy metal ions is a challenge many developing nations like Zimbabwe face, with negative environmental and socio-economic repercussions. Treating affected bodies usually requires a costly consignment of chemicals and activated carbon. This research investigates the possible use of an abundant waste resource – poultry feathers – to make activated carbon for heavy metal ion removal. Poultry consumption in this nation generates more than five million tonnes of feathers a year, with very few uses of this by-product. This research was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of activated carbon synthesized from poultry feathers with sodium hydroxide as the activating agent. It was tested for removing heavy metal ions from waste water at Lake Chivero and the experimental work done showed that it had a removal efficiency as high as 97%, with a high affinity for lead ions as compared with chromium ions. Upon characterization, the activated carbon showed an iodine number of 520 mg and it worked best at a pH value of 8. The efficiency removal also increased with increasing adsorbent concentration as well as contact time up to a period where these factors ceased to be the limiting factors of the reaction.

Research Progress in Removing Heavy Metals from Waste Water via Bio-Sorption

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 692-695
Author(s):  
Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Sorption Method

Bio-absorption has an unparalleled advantage over other traditional methods in removing and recycling heavy metal ions from waste water. Consequently, it has a promising future. In this paper, the traditional methods and the bio-sorption method via which heavy metals are removed from waste water are compared to summarize the mechanism of bio-sorption, the types of bio-sorbent, the factors that can influence bio-sorption and the state of its application in waste water treatment .

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Activated Carbon Derived from Prawn Shell and Its Application for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Guo ◽  
Yaqin Song ◽  
Xiaoyang Ji ◽  
Lili Ji ◽  
Lu Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Effects Of Ph

The aim of this study was to optimize the adsorption performance of activated carbon (AC), derived from the shell of Penaeus vannamei prawns, on heavy metal ions. Inexpensive, non-toxic, and renewable prawn shells were subjected to carbonization and, subsequently, KOH-activation to produce nanoporous K-Ac. Carbonized prawn shells (CPS) and nanoporous KOH-activated carbon (K-Ac) from prawn shells were prepared and characterized by FTIR, XRD, BET, SEM, and TEM. The results showed that as-produced K-Ac samples were a porous material with microporous and mesoporous structures and had a high specific surface area of 3160 m2/g, average pore size of about 10 nm, and large pore volume of 2.38 m3/g. Furthermore, batches of K-Ac samples were employed for testing the adsorption behavior of Cd2+ in solution. The effects of pH value, initial concentration, and adsorption time on Cd2+ were systematically investigated. Kinetics and isotherm model analysis of the adsorption of Cd2+ on K-Ac showed that experimental data were not only consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, but also well-described by the quasi-first-order model. Finally, the adsorption behaviors of as-prepared K-Ac were also tested in a ternary mixture of heavy metal ions Cu2+, Cr6+, and Cd2+, and the total adsorption amount of 560 mg/g was obtained.

scholarly journals Using amine-functionalized magnetite hollow nanospheres (AMHNs) as adsorbents for heavy metal ions

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 452-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen Lin ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Meng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Hollow Nanospheres ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Amine Functionalized ◽  
Physicochemical Features ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms

In this paper, the amine-functionalized magnetite hollow nanospheres (AMHNs), prepared through a facile one-pot synthesis, were used as heavy metal ion adsorbents, whose morphology and physicochemical features were exploring by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared analyses. Its adsorption performances for Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+ were studied in detail. The adsorption increased with the increase of initial pH value of the solution and could be obviously affected by ionic strength. Also, the adsorption kinetics and isotherms were studied. The adsorption processes for Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+ could all reach equilibrium in 60 min and be described well by the Langmuir thermodynamics model. The saturated adsorption capacities for Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+ were 0.66, 0.47, 0.45, 0.38 and 0.26 mmol/g, respectively. In addition, the competitive adsorption showed the AMHNs had higher affinity to Pb2+ than to other heavy metal ions.

Alkali-treated coir fibre-pith composite for waste water treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110142
Author(s):  
Monnisha Ganesan ◽  
Gobi Nallathambi
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Coir Pith ◽  
Coir Fibre

Coir fibre and pith are eco-friendly material used in the preparation of composites. Coir fibre and coir pith were treated with sodium hydroxide to study the effect of alkali for prolonged exposure on its properties. Fibre and pith were treated with different concentrations of NaOH from 5% to 30% for 24 hours at room temperature. Alkali treatment removes the impurities and the expose the crystalline cellulose and to enhance the surface properties. The alkali-treated coir fibre and pith were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy for morphology, X-ray diffraction for crystallinity index, thermogravimetry for thermal stability, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for structural changes. The chemical composition was analysed for both fibre and pith. Physical properties such as bulk density, particle density and porosity were determined for pith. After alkali treatment, the properties (physical and chemical) of the treated fibre (5% to 20%) has been enhanced. For coir pith the properties has been diminished. Untreated/treated coir fibre/pith filter (CFP) were developed to study the removal of heavy metal ions from the waste water, where untreated (CFP) as a control. The removal efficiency of the developed CFP filter for heavy metal ions were determined by Inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). 5% CFP filter exhibited higher efficiency for removal of heavy metal ions.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption Properties of Methacrylamidocysteine-Containing Porous Poly(Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Chelating Beads

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 607-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Denizli ◽  
Bora Garipcan ◽  
Sibel Emir ◽  
Süleyman Patir ◽  
Ridvan Say
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Heavy Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Capacities

Details of the adsorption performance of poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate–methacrylamidocysteine) [p(HEMA–MAC)] beads towards the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution were studied. The metal-complexing ligand and/or co-monomer MAC was newly synthesized from methylacrylochloride and cysteine. Spherical beads of average size 150–200 mm were obtained by the radical suspension polymerization of MAC and HEMA conducted in an aqueous dispersion. The p(HEMA–MAC) beads obtained had a specific surface area of 18.9 m2/g. p(HEMA–MAC) beads were characterized by swelling studies, FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Such beads with a swelling ratio of 72%, and containing 3.9 mmol MAC/g, were used for heavy metal removal studies. The adsorption capacities of the beads for selected metal ions, i.e. CdII, AsIII, CrIII, HgII and PbII, were investigated in aqueous media containing different amounts of these ions (10–750 mg/l) and at different pH values (3.0–7.0). The adsorption rate was fast in all cases. The maximum adsorption capacities of the p(HEMA–MAC) beads were 1058.2 mg/g for CdII, 123.4 mg/g for AsIII, 199.6 mg/g for CrIII, 639.1 mg/g for PbII and 1018.6 mg/g for HgII. On a molar basis, the following affinity order was observed: CdII > HgII > CrIII > PbII >AsIII. The adsorption capacity of the MAC-incorporated beads was affected significantly by the pH value of the aqueous medium. The adsorption of heavy metal ions from artificial wastewater was also studied. In this case, the adsorption capacities were 52.2 mg/g for CdII, 23.1 mg/g for CrIII, 83.4 mg/g for HgII, 62.6 mg/g for PbII and 11.1 mg/g for AsIII at an initial metal ion concentration of 0.5 mmol/l. The chelating beads could be regenerated easily with a higher effectiveness by 0.1 M HNO3. These features make p(HEMA–MAC) beads potential candidates for heavy metal ion removal at high capacity.

scholarly journals Use of Column for the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution using Acasia arabica tree bark substrate

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Gharde A. D. ◽  
Gharde B. D.
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Aquatic Life

Salt of various heavy metals and other potentially dangerous are being discharged into the aquatic environment. Water containing vital concentration of some of heavy metal ions are harmful to human being, animal as well as aquatic organisms. The toxicity of some heavy metal ions, even at the trace level has been recognised with respect to the public health for many years. Metals such as Mercury, Lead, Cadmium, Copper and Chromium are under this category. Many metals have been evaluated as harmful to aquatic life above certain toxicity level. Any type of pollution brings about noticeable changes in the physiochemical parameters of the water, therby making it unsuitable for some beneficial uses. Thus, pollution causes changes in almost in the parameter. When increasing the pace of industrialisation along with population explosion, urbanisation and green revolution are reflected in varying degree of purity of water, soil and air. Majority of industries are water based and considerable volume of waste water is discharged to the environment either untreated or inadequately treated leading to the problem of surface and ground water pollution. The capital cost and operating waste water treatment system are rising on one hand and on the other there is a pressing demand for the treatment of waste water generated by increase residential and industrial development.

The Synthesis and Characterization of the Graphene Oxide-Polyamine Composites Using for the Recovery of Heavy Metal Ions

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2935-2938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Zhen Wang ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Jing Yin ◽  
Rui Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Cadmium Ions ◽  
Ft Ir

Graphene oxide–polyamine composites have been synthesized which have metal ion capacities as high as 97.94% for cadmium ions removed from aqueous solutions. The chemical structure of obtained graphene oxide–polyamine composites was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD and SEM. The results revealed that these composites can effectively extract heavy metal ions from waste water. Using these composites the concentration of heavy metal ions is reduced to below allowable discharge limits and the recovery of heavy metal ions from waste water was realized.

scholarly journals Waste Water Treatment in Terms of Purification from Copper with Natural and Modified Montmorillonits

2011 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Regularity of heavy metal ions isolation from waste waters with modified montmorillonit hydrosoles has been studied. The agents’ sorption characteristics have been investigated. The possibility of heavy non-ferrous metal ions isolation up to the current norms of permissible discharge to water bodies has been demonstrated.

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