scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of pneumonia in pediatric patients with oncohematological disease in condition of new coronavirus infection COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
T. T. Valiev ◽  
E. V. Zakharova ◽  
O. A. Ignatenko ◽  
N. A. Batmanova ◽  
E. V. Mikhailova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Present World ◽  
Child Age

Pneumoniasinpatientswithhempblastoses, arisingduringtreatmentinsettingofmyelotoxicagranulocytosis, arelife-threateningcomplications, which press complex approach for diagnosis and treatment. In condition of new coronavirus infection COVID-19 pandemia, differential diagnosis of pneumonia with “ground glass” lung changes is a hot issue. In the current paper we present world data on clinical, laboratory and X-ray diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2) pneumonia in children. Special attention is paid to X-ray features depending of child age. It is provided two clinical examples, demonstrating a necessity of complex microbiological, immunological, molecular and X-ray diagnosis for detection of lung change genesis in oncohematologic patients.

Serum Alpha Fetal Protein in a Three Year Old Child with Hepatoma

1976 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehuda Shoenfeld ◽  
Albert I. Pick ◽  
Sarah Schreibman ◽  
Helena Kessler ◽  
Moshe Dintzman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
X Ray

A 3 year old child with primary hepatocellular carcinoma and high AFP concentrations is described. Following hemihepatectomy, a sharp decrease and return to normal of serum AFP concentrations indicated the completeness of the surgical procedure. Repeat-normal serum AFP concentrations (less than 19 ng/ml), found during a three year follow-up, correlated well with the absence of clinical, laboratory and x-ray evidence of tumor recurrence. The differential diagnosis of abnormal AFP concentrations in childhood is discussed, and the importance of the AFP assay in the follow-up of post-hemihepatectomy patients for the assessment of the completeness of the surgical procedure, the prognosis, and the early detection of tumor recurrence is stressed.

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis of bilateral lungs opacities in the hospital for admission of community-acquired pneumonia – not only COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
A. S. Vinokurov ◽  
O. I. Belenkaya ◽  
E. A. Zolotova ◽  
S. V. Michurina ◽  
O. O. Vinokurova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
To Receive

Due to the current epidemiological situation caused by the spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, in March 2020 several Moscow hospitals were completely or partially redesigned to receive patients with community- acquired pneumonia.Purpose. The aim of the survey is to analyze clinical, laboratory and radiological data in patients with coronavirus infection at the early stages of its spread in Russia, and to clarify diseases for differential diagnosis mainly based on CT evidence.Materials and methods. We studied data from 21 patients with verified coronavirus infection admitted to the hospital for community-acquired pneumonia. Clinical symptoms, laboratory and physical indicators, as well as typical lung changes on the CT were evaluated.Results. Major clinical symptoms in coronavirus patients are fever (100%), cough (90.5%), shortness of breath (76.1%). Laboratory indicators showed increases in CRP (85.7%), leukocytosis (66.6%), and LDG (84.6%). According to CT, 95.2% of lung changes involved both sides, and 66.7% occurred in all lung fields. The sign of “ground glass” was observed in a 100% of the cases, its combination with the “paving stone” – in 61,9%, “ground glass” coupled with small areas of consolidations were detected in 33,3% of the cases. Changes such as nodules, cavities and massive areas of consolidation were not identified.Conclusion. On the basis of our own data we confirmed the main trends of diagnostics and clinical features, which were identified by authors from Asia and Europe, who faced this infection earlier, and also considered important CT characteristics useful for differential diagnosis of coronavirus lung damage and other lung diseases.

CLINICAL LABORATORY DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ENCEPHALITIS, DISSEMINATED ENCEPHALOMYELITIS AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN CHILDREN

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
N. V. Skripchenko ◽  
◽  
G. P. Ivanova ◽  
E. Y. Skripchenko ◽  
A. V. Surovtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory

scholarly journals Paranasal Mass in a Healthy Male Toddler

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132110079
Author(s):  
Melonie Anne Phillips ◽  
Meredith Lind ◽  
Gerd McGwire ◽  
Diana Rodriguez ◽  
Suzanna Logan
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Neck Tumors ◽  
Complete Surgical Resection ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
Benign Mass

Head and neck tumors are rare in pediatric patients but should be kept in the differential when a patient presents with a new swelling or mass. One of these tumors is a myxoma, which is an insidiously growing, benign mass originating from the mesenchyme. They most commonly arise in the myocardium but can also develop in facial structures, particularly in the maxilla and mandible. When arising in facial structures, ocular, respiratory, and digestive systems can be affected based on local invasion. Complete surgical resection is curative but can lead to significant morbidity as well. Here, we present a case of a 15-month-old toddler presenting with a paranasal mass, which was ultimately diagnosed as a maxillary myxoma. This tumor is very rare in the pediatric population, especially in the toddler age-group, reminding clinicians to broaden the differential diagnosis when a patient’s course is atypical.

scholarly journals The Differential Diagnosis of Sterile Pyuria in Pediatric Patients: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2199371
Author(s):  
Donald W. Bendig
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Sterile Pyuria ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
Definition Of

Sterile pyuria is a common finding in pediatric patients. Literature describing the diagnoses as well as clinical characteristics of children with sterile pyuria is lacking. This review was performed to establish an evidence-based approach to the differential diagnosis by way of an extensive literature search. The definition of pyuria is inconsistent. The various causes of pediatric sterile pyuria identified were classified as either Infectious or Non-Infectious. Sub-categories of Infectious causes include: Viral Infection, Bacterial Infection, Other Infections (tuberculosis, fungal, parasitic), Sexually Transmitted Infections, Recent Antibiotic Therapy. Non-Infectious causes include: Systemic Disease, Renal Disease, Drug Related, Inflammation adjacent to Genitourinary Tract. Clinicians that encounter pediatric patients with sterile pyuria and persistent symptoms should consider the substantial differential diagnosis described in this study.

Pediatric Minor Head Trauma: Factors Affecting the Anxiety of Parents

2021 ◽  
pp. 000992282110096
Author(s):  
Hasan Aldinc ◽  
Cem Gun ◽  
Serpil Yaylaci ◽  
Erol Barbur
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cranial Computed Tomography ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Minor Head Trauma ◽  
Computed Tomography Imaging ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray

Managing the anxiety of the parents of pediatric patients with head trauma is challenging. This study aimed to examine the factors that affect anxiety levels of parents whose children were admitted to the emergency department with minor head trauma. In this prospective study, the parents of 663 consecutive pediatric patients were invited to answer a questionnaire. Parents of 600 children participated in the study. The parents who believed they were provided sufficient information and who were satisfied with the service received had significantly more improvement in anxiety-related questions. Cranial X-ray assessment had a significantly positive impact on the anxiety of the parents, whereas cranial computed tomography and neurosurgery consultation did not. In assessing pediatric minor head trauma, cranial computed tomography imaging and neurosurgery consultation should not be expected to relieve the anxiety of the parents. However, adequately informing them and providing satisfaction are the factors that could lead to improvement.

Clostridium botulinum and the Clinical Laboratorian: A Detailed Review of Botulism, Including Biological Warfare Ramifications of Botulinum Toxin

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Caya ◽  
Rashmi Agni ◽  
Joan E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Pertinent Data ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis ◽  
Timely Treatment

Abstract Objective.—This review article is designed to thoroughly familiarize all health care professionals with the history, classification, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis, diagnostic evaluation (including laboratory-based testing), treatment, and prognosis of botulism. It is especially targeted toward clinical laboratorians and includes a detailed enumeration of the important clinical laboratory contributions to the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of patients with botulism. Finally, the bioterrorism potential for botulism is discussed, with an emphasis on the clinical laboratory ramifications of this possibility. Data Sources.—Included medical periodicals and textbooks accessioned from computerized and manual medical literature searches. More than 1000 medical works published from the 1800s through 2003 were retrieved and reviewed in this process. Data Synthesis.—Pertinent data are presented in textual and tabular formats, the latter including 6 tables presenting detailed information regarding the clinical parameters, differential diagnosis, diagnostic studies, laboratory testing, and therapeutic approaches to botulism. Conclusions.—Because botulism is such a rare disease, a keen awareness of its manifestations and prompt diagnosis are absolutely crucial for its successful treatment. The bioterrorism potential of botulism adds further urgency to the need for all health care professionals to be familiar with this disease, its proper evaluation, and timely treatment; the need for such urgency clearly includes the clinical laboratory.

scholarly journals USE CAUTION WHEN ASSESSING PRE-OPERATIVE LEG LENGTH DISCREPANCY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0028
Author(s):  
Lindsay M. Schlichte ◽  
Peter D. Fabricant ◽  
Christine Goodbody ◽  
Daniel W. Green
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Length Discrepancy ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: Pre- and post-operative standing hip to ankle radiography is critical for monitoring potential post-operative growth arrest and resultant length and angular deformities after pediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. During acquisition of pre-operative standing alignment radiographs, it is possible that patients are lacking full extension, not weight bearing comfortably, or leaning resulting in inaccurate measurements. Purpose: This study aims to assess both pre- and post-operative radiographic measurements to assess if the standing pre-operative x-ray is a accurate and reliable source for baseline measurements. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected pre-operative and first post-operative full-length hip-to-ankle radiographs in a cohort of skeletally immature athletes who presented with an acute ACL injury and underwent subsequent surgical reconstruction. Initially, leg length discrepancy for 25 patients was measured by 3 orthopedic surgeons (top of femoral head to center of tibial plafond). The intraclass correlation was almost perfect (ICC (2,1) = .996) therefore, 1 surgeon measured the remaining 94 radiographs. Measurements for both the injured and uninjured legs were obtained for comparison and surgeons were blinded to the injured side. Results: A total of 119 pediatric patients (mean age 13.4, range 7-14 years) were included (83 males and 36 females). Patient were categorized as either having ≥5mm, ≥10mm, or ≥15mm LLD on pre-operative standing x-ray. Sixty-two patients (52%) were found to have a pre-operative LLD ≥ 5mm. Forty-one (66%) of these patients tore their ACL on the limb measuring shorter. At 6 month post-operative standing x-ray, 35 patients (56%) resolved to ≤5mm LLD. Eighteen patients had a pre-operative LLD of ≥ 10mm. At 6 month post-operative standing x-ray, 13 (72%) patients resolved to ≤5mm LLD. Five patients had a pre-operative LLD of ≥ 15mm. At 6 month post-operative standing x-ray, 4 (80%) resolved ≤5mm. All patients with a pre-operative LLD of ≥ 13mm had sustained an ACL injury on the limb measuring shorter Conclusion: Of the pediatric ACL patients initially presenting with a pre-operative LLD of ≥ 10mm, 72% demonstrated apparent correction of their LLD on their 6 month standing x-ray. This high rate of LLD pre-operatively but not post operatively calls into question the accuracy of pre-operative standing alignment radiographs for patients after an ACL tear. Surgeons and radiology technicians should be aware of injured patients potentially lacking full extension, leaning, or not weight bearing comfortably, and should consider delaying preoperative radiographic length and alignment analysis until after the patient is able to fully straighten the injured knee and weight bear comfortably.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–associated Coronavirus Infection

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1491-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold K.K. Lee ◽  
Eugene Y.K. Tso ◽  
T. N. Chau ◽  
Owen T.Y. Tsang ◽  
W. Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

scholarly journals Symptoms, Features of Diagnosis and Preventive Measures During the “Second Wave” COVID-19 in Residents of the Kyrgyz Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-175
Author(s):  
Sh. Sulaimanov ◽  
Zh. Esenalieva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Intellectual Work ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Muscle Ache

The results of our study show that the respondent’s perception of large-scale social changes associated with the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection in the Kyrgyz Republic has a number of features. A sufficient level of awareness of the respondents about the symptoms of the disease, the ways of transmission of the virus, and measures to prevent the spread of infection are combined with an underestimation of the situation (17.2%). The majority (66.6%) of the respondents lived in Bishkek. The survey was held among 247 people, most of whom were women (57.3%) and young people (35.9±14.9 years). Every fourth participant in the study is a chronic tobacco smoker (24%). Less than half (47.3%) of the respondents were engaged in intellectual work. Among the respondents, the most common symptoms of COVID-19 were loss of taste or smell, fever, headache, muscle ache, cough, sore throat. Every third (28.4%) respondent was referred to an X-ray, CT scan. PCR and ELISA studies were carried out, respectively, by 22.5% and 10.9%.

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