scholarly journals Association of selected risk factors with bovine subclinical mastitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Nesma Helmy Youssif ◽  
Nagah Mostafa Hafiz ◽  
Mohamady Ahmed Halawa ◽  
Mena Fouad Saad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parity Number

A total of 695 Holstein Friesian lactating dairy cows were examined for the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and its association with selected risk factors in a private dairy farm at Fayoum district, Egypt. 444 lactating cows with 1145 quarters were found positive for SCM with prevalence of 63.88% and 41.18% at cow and quarter level respectively based on California Mastitis Test (CMT), Electrical Conductivity (EC) that had a mean value of 6.27 ± 0.066 mS/cm and Somatic Cell Count (SCC) with a mean value of 8.8×105± 9.2×103 cells/ml. The risk factors investigated in this study revealed that the highest percentage of SCM was observed in winter, in cows at the late lactation stage with a percentage of 32.21 and 59.91 respectively. The results concluded that the young age cows were exposed to SCM more than old ones. While the occurrence of SCM was higher in cows with 2nd, 3rd and 1st than those with 4, 5, 6th parity number. The analytical results also revealed that there is a highly significant difference (p < 0.05) between numbers of parity. However, there is no significant difference (p > 0.05) between different stages of age, lactation and season as risk factors.

scholarly journals HOST DETERMINANTS BASED COMPARATIVE PREVALENCE OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN LACTATING HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CROSS COWS AND RED CHITTAGONG COWS IN BANGLADESH

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
AFMG Rabbani ◽  
MA Samad
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Severe Reaction ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Host Determinants ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Holstein Friesian

A comparative prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis (SCM) based on host risk factors was studied by using California Mastitis Test (CMT) in 96 Holstein-Friesian cross cows (HFCC) of Abu Baker Dairy Farm at Pansha Upazilla in Rajbari district and 20 Red Chittagong cows (RCC) of Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm (BAUDF), Mymensingh during the period from January to June 2008. Out of the 116 lactating cows examined, 51 (43.97%) showed positive reactivity to CMT. Similar prevalence rate of SCM was recorded in both the HFCC (43.75%) and RCC (45.0%). The overall prevalence of SCM on the basis of lactation stages showed that all the three lactation stages had SCM but there was a tendency to increase its prevalence rates from early (30.43%), mid (32.26%) to late (69.23%) stages. The highest prevalence of SCM was recorded at late lactation stage in both the HFCC (68.75%) and RCC (71.43%) in comparison to their respective mid and early lactation stages. The parity-wise prevalence of SCM was recorded as 18.42%, 55.0%, 66.67%, 75.0% and 75.0% in HFCC whereas, it was 20.0%, 20.0%, 66.67%, 75.0% and 66.67% in RCC at their 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th parity, respectively. This study recorded a relationship between the increased prevalence of SCM with decreased of milk production in both the groups of lactating cows. The respective prevalence of SCM at high, medium and low level of milk production in HFC (14.29%, 33.33% and 70.59%) and RCC (14.29%, 50.00% and 71.42%) were found significantly (p < 0.01) correlated with milk production. An overall 19.18% quarters was affected with SCM, of which 4.31%, 7.33% and 7.38% showed mild, moderate and severe reaction to CMT. However, comparatively, higher percentage of quarter infection was recorded in HFCC (20.31%) than RCC (13.75%). It may be concluded from these observations that both the HFCC and RCC should be monitored by using CMT for the detection of SCM in order to provide rational treatment and control it to make the dairy farming profitable. DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v8i1.7397 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8(1): 17-21

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN DAIRY COWS IN SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Islam ◽  
MZ Islam ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Local Breed ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Late Stages

This research was carried out to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in lactating Dairy Cow of Bangladesh Agricultural University dairy farm (BAUDF) and rural areas of Tangail sadar upazila of Bangladesh during the period of July 2009 to April 2010. A total of 200 milk samples (40 from BAUDF and 160 from Tangail sadar upazila) were collected for this study which were subjected to physical examination and subsequently screened for subclinical mastitis using three indirect tests viz. White Side Test (WST), California Mastitis Test (CMT), and Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT). Overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in lactating dairy cows found in this study was 29%. Cows were infected with SCM 29.5%, 27.5% and 25.5% detection by CMT, WST and SFMT respectively. Higher prevalence of SCM was detected in milch crossbred cows (36.36%) in comparison to local bred cows (24.61%) maintained under extensive management system in Rural area of Tangail sadar upazila. The prevalence of SCM was recorded in 31.58%, 30.76% and 68.75% in cows of local area of Tangail sadar upazila, and 25.0%, 40.0% and 71.42% in cows of BAU,DF during the early, mid and late stages of lactation respectively. The highest prevalence of SCM was recorded during the early lactation stage in both the local breed cows (30.0%) and cows of BAUDF (45.83%) in comparison to their respective mid and late stages of lactation. The prevalence of SCM was highest in lactating cows having third lactation and high yielding (cows produced >10 liter milk per day) both in local breed and crossbred cows.DOI = http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v9i1.11216 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2011). 9(1): 73-78 

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis in dairy cows reared in district Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali A. ◽  
Ganie S.A. ◽  
Mir M. R. ◽  
Ahmad S.B. ◽  
Bhat R.R. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Intensive System

Subclinical mastitis is associated with certain risk factors such as age, lactation stage, milk production and parity. A cross sectional study including 135 cross bred Holstein Friesian dairy cows was undertaken from June 2017 to January 2019 in surrounding villages of district Ganderbal in order to identify major risk factors. The overall prevalence of SCM was 81.48%. The highest prevalence of subclinical mastitis associated with various risk factors was 48.1% (early lactation), 44.54% (5-7 years), 49.09% (>10 litres per day) and 30.90% (3rd parity) respectively. In intensive system of rearing, prevalence was 66.36% whereas in extensive 33.63% was found. In present study, single quarter was affected in 61.81% of SCM infections. In milking method, knuckling and stripping showed more incidence of SCM. In present study, moderate form of mastitis was more predominant (40.9%).

scholarly journals Prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis in dairy farms

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
MA AL Quaderi ◽  
M Husain ◽  
MGS Alam ◽  
M Khatun ◽  
MA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
High Prevalence

A total of 560 lactating cows belonging to Bangladesh Agricultural University dairy farm (n = 59): Local Zebu (L), Local × Friesian (L × F), Local × Jersey (L × J), Local × Red Chittagong Cattle (L × RCC), Local × Sahiwal (L × SL), Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC); and Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm (n = 501): Local Zebu, L × F, SL × F, Sahiwal and Australian Friesian Sahiwal (AFS) were selected to measure prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SM). The California Mastitis Test was done and the prevalence of SM was 68% on cow basis and 57% on quarter basis. The prevalence rate was significantly higher in L × F (87%, P < 0.05), SL × F (88%, P < 0.05), L × J (100%, P < 0.01), AFS (89%, P< 0.05) and SL (100%, P < 0.01). The local Zebu (31%) and RCC (28%) were least susceptible to SM. SM was significantly higher in multiparous (P < 0.05) and older cows (P < 0.05). The front quarters were more prone to SM than the rear. Factors such as breed, age, parity and management may have been responsible for high prevalence of SM in both farms. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v30i2.18257 Bangl. vet. 2013. Vol. 30, No. 2, 70-77

scholarly journals Prevalence and its influencing risk factors of subclinical mastitis in crossbred Friesian cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
SM Arman ◽  
MAN Al Amin ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
J Bhattacharjee ◽  
MMU Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Friesian Cows

The prevalence and risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis in crossbred Friesian cows in selected dairy farms were studied using California Mastitis Test (CMT). A total of 287 cows and 1148 quarters were examined. Cow parity, age, body condition score (BCS), milk yield and lactation stage were collected by using pretested questionnaire. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 41.1%. Among tested cows, 15.8% showed moderate and 5.5% strong reaction to CMT (P<0.05). Among quarters, 24.6% quarters were affected with subclinical mastitis of which 10.1% showed moderate and 1.9% strong reaction to CMT (P<0.05). Cows at parity 2 to 4 had a significantly (P<0.05) higher prevalence (46.5%) than those at parity 5 to 10 (30.3%). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis in different age groups of cows did not vary significantly. The cows with BCS 3.5 to 4 had significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of subclinical mastitis (43.5%) than those with BCS 4.5 (25.9%). Cows with 11-27 litres of milk yield had significantly (P<0.05) higher subclinical mastitis (44.3%) than that of 1 to 5 litres of their counterpart (38.6%). Cows at 31 to 90 (44.3%) days lactation had significantly (P<0.05) higher prevalence of subclinical mastitis than those at 181 to 285 days (37.2%). It is suggested that the prevalence of subclinical mastitis was influenced by the parity, BCS, milk yield and lactation stage in crossbred Friesian cows in Bangladesh. Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 2, 42-51

scholarly journals Subclinical mastitis: Prevalence and risk factors in dairy cows in East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 2102-2108
Author(s):  
Himmatul Khasanah ◽  
Hidayat Bambang Setyawan ◽  
Roni Yulianto ◽  
Desy Cahya Widianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Lactation Stage

Background and Aim: Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a disease that frequently attacks lactating dairy cows and possibly decreases production, causing economic losses to farmers. This study aimed to define the prevalence of SCM and risk factor-associated related management practice by dairy farmers in East Java, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The milk sample per quarter of individual lactating Friesian–Holstein cows (592 samples) was collected from 148 cows from 62 selected farms in the region with high dairy cattle populations in Malang, Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, Probolinggo, Pasuruan, Lumajang, Jember, and Banyuwangi. SCM determination was performed using the California mastitis test. A survey including field observation and interviews with farmers was conducted to find out the management practices of the selected farms. The analysis of risk factors was conducted by multinomial regression using the IBM SPSS version 26.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Chicago, USA). Results: In addition, 68.18% and 66.72% at the cow and quarter levels, respectively, of the lactating dairy cows examined had SCM. In multinomial regression, four variables were significantly given impact in association with the SCM prevalence in identifying related lactation stage (odds ratio [OR]: 1-2 months=5.67, 2-6 months=9.435), teat wiping after milking (OR=42.197), house cleanliness (OR: dirty=0.120, moderate=0.527), and location (regencies) of raising the cows (OR: Sidoarjo=0.076, Mojokerto=0.165, Jember=1.210, Probolinggo=3.449, Lumajang=1.638, Malang=1.210, and Pasuruan=0.681). Conclusion: The SCM prevalence in East Java is relatively high and a threat to the dairy industry's performance. This study found a significant association with SCM that needs to be considered in the practice of management to prevent and control SCM. However, the finding also suggested that hygienic management practices performed by farmers need to be improved to reduce SCM incidents.

Risk Factors in Diabetes and Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections Compared to Younger Aged Female.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Abdulghani Mohamed Alsamarai ◽  
Shler Ali Khorshed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is common with health impact in women and characterised by failure to treatment and recurrent episodes. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the risk factors for the development of urinary tract infection in diabetic and pregnant women in comparison to student female. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period from 1st of June 2015 to the end of January 2016. The population included in the study are 563 women, of them 425 were outpatients, and 138 were inpatients. Their age range between 18 and 80 years, with a mean age of 33.59±15.29 years. Urine samples collected and cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar by spread plate technique. Bacterial colonies with different morphology were selected, purified and identified according to their biochemical characteristics using conventional standard methods. Results: In diabetic women, there were no significant difference in mean age and BMI values between culture positive and culture negative groups. However, pus cell mean scale was significantly higher [P=0.000] in women with urinary tract infection [1.76±1.25] than in those with negative culture [0.69±1.00]. In pregnant women, BMI mean value was significantly [P=0.013] lower in pregnant women with UTI [26.14] as compared to those without infection [26.99]. Pus cell scale mean value was significantly [P=0.000] higher in pregnant women with UTI [1.55] than women with negative UTI [0.85]. While there was no significant difference in mean age between UTI positive and negative pregnant women. In female student, there was a significant difference between UTI infected and non-infected in mean age [P=0.041] and pus cell scale [P=0.000]. However, BMI was not significantly different between infected and non-infected female student. Other risk factors association are variables in the 3 groups when analysed using X2, while AUC and OR show different trends of association between risk factors and UTI. Conclusion: BMI, pus cell scale, child number, delivery method, operation history and hospital setting were significantly associated with culture positivity in the 3 studied groups as determined by AUC. While OR confirmed association with pus sale scale in the 3 groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of mastitis in dairy cows

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
MMU Bhuiyan ◽  
MM Kamal ◽  
M Shamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Control Programmes

Identification of risk factors is important for the design of control programmes for mastitis in cows. Information about farms and management was collected at a farm visit. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was performed to assess sub-clinical mastitis, and cows, udder and milk were examined for clinical mastitis. A total of 347 lactating cows from 83 farms in the dry season (November - February) and 388 lactating cows from 89 farms in the wet season (June - October) were studied. The overall prevalence of mastitis was 19.9% and 44.8% in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The prevalence of mild mastitis was 17.3% and 40.7%, whereas that of moderate mastitis was 2.6% and 4.1% in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The prevalence of mastitis was higher (P<0.01) in wet than in dry season. On average, 18.7% quarters had mastitis during the wet season and 6.9% in the dry season. In the dry and wet seasons, respectively, 63.9% and 11.2% had completely dry floors, and the prevalence of mastitis was 22.6% and 30.0%. On the other hand, 88.8% and 36.1% of 83 farms had partly or completely wet and soiled floor and the prevalence of mastitis was 40.0% and 59.5% in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Udder cleanliness, milk yield and peri-parturient diseases significantly (P<0.01) increased the risk of mastitis. The prevalence of mastitis is regarded as quite high. Dry and clean floor to keep cow's udder and teat clean would help control mastitis in the dairy farms of Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/bvet.v26i2.4951 Bangl. vet. 2009. Vol. 26, No. 2, 54-60

scholarly journals Effect of heat stress on milk production and its composition of Holstein Friesian crossbred dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Al Reyad ◽  
Md Abid Hasan Sarker ◽  
Md Elias Uddin ◽  
Raihan Habib ◽  
Md Harun Ur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this research was to observe the effect of heat stress on milk yield and milk compositions of Holstein Friesian crossbred (HF) dairy cows. To fulfill the objectives, a total of 9 Holstein Friesian crossbred cows were selected for this study. Green grasses (German, Para) were supplied adlibitum and concentrate feeds (mixture of wheat bran, rice polish, mustard oil cake, di-calcium phosphate and salt) were supplied at the rate of 2.0 kg/day/cow. Management practices for all the cows were similar following the BAU Dairy farm practices. Data were collected on milk yield (l/h/d), relative humidity (%) and barn temperature (0C). The obtained temperature humidity index (THI) of July, August, September and October were 84.95, 81.99, 81.40 and 79.57, respectively. The highest THI was found in July which indicated higher heat stress during this month. A significant difference (p<0.05) in milk yield of cows was found among different months of July to October. The highest milk yield (6.10±0.50 l/h/d) was found in October among observed months. The compositions of milk such as total solids (TS), solids-not-fat (SNF), fat, protein, lactose, and ash also differed significantly (p<0.01). The highest values (%) of TS, SNF, fat, protein, lactose and ash content of milk were found in October as 12.63, 8.80, 3.83, 3.69, 4.39 and 0.72, respectively and lowest values (%) were in July as 12.20, 8.50, 3.71, 3.50, 4.30 and 0.69, respectively due to the high THI value. From these results, it is concluded that heat stress has strong effect on milk yield and milk composition of HF cows in Bangladesh. Management strategies are needed to minimize heat stress and attain optimal dairy animal performance.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 190-195

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Milk of Goats with Subclinical Mastitis in Thika East Subcounty, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Precious Mahlangu ◽  
Naomi Maina ◽  
John Kagira
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in Thika East Subcounty, Kenya. Further the bacterial pathogens and their antibiogram were investigated. Farm level data on risk factors were obtained from 41 farmers using questionnaires. Milk was obtained from 110 lactating dairy goats and tested for submastitis using California Mastitis Test (CMT). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis at goat level was estimated to be at 50.9% using CMT, out of which 86.5% yielded bacteria on culture. The significant risk factors associated with the occurrence of subclinical mastitis were cleaning schedule (p=0.022, OD=1.047) and parity of the goat (p=0048, OD=1.37). Higher prevalence of subclinical mastitis was observed for goats residing in houses cleaned at least once a fortnight. Does in the first parity were least affected. 169 bacterial isolates were obtained from culture, of which 52 isolates from major classes of isolated bacteria were tested for antibiotic sensitivity to six antibiotics. Fourteen different bacteria were isolated and identified from the milk samples. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (20.7%), Serratia spp. (19.5%), Citrobacter spp. (16%), Klebsiella spp. (11%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.7%), Enterobacter spp. (6.5%), Escherichia coli (5.9%), Proteus spp. (3%), Corynebacterium spp. (1.8%), Morganella spp. (1.8%), Streptococcus spp. (1.2%), Providencia spp. (0.6%), Micrococcus spp. (0.6%), and Staphylococcus intermedius (0.6%) were isolated and identified from the samples. All the isolates were resistant to Penicillin G, while 98% of the isolates were sensitive to Streptomycin. In conclusion, the study showed that a large proportion of goats were affected by subclinical mastitis, with the main bacteria being Staphylococci spp. and coliforms, and that most of the tested antibiotics can be used in the treatment of mastitis. Farmers need to be trained on improved control of mastitis through adoption of good dairy husbandry and milking practices.

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