Current Landscape of Natural Products against Coronaviruses: Perspectives in COVID-19 Treatment and Anti-viral Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (41) ◽  
pp. 5241-5260
Author(s):  
Jakaria Shawon ◽  
Zakia Akter ◽  
Md. Munnaf Hossen ◽  
Yeasmin Akter ◽  
Abu Sayeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Viral Response ◽  
Alternative Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Viral Responses ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Genomic Material

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus, and the infection by SARS-CoV-2, termed as COVID-19, was first reported in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019, and this outbreak became a pandemic in February of 2020. Till now, there is no effective drug or vaccine against this virus that can make a complete cure; however, a number of drugs are in trials. Objectives: In this review, we have focused on an alternative therapeutic approach using natural products utilizing the host anti-viral responses for resolving COVID-19 pathogenesis. Methods: We have searched databases like PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles related to natural products and viral diseases, with a specific focus on coronaviruses, as well as other RNA viruses and recent updates on the COVID-19 pandemic, and collected articles and reviewed them comprehensively. Results: Scientific studies clarified the viral pathogenesis that involved viral entrance into host cells and anti-viral response inside the cells, which can be effectively targeted by numerous natural compounds from different sources. Many of these compounds can potentially target viral genomic material or protein machinery. Natural products that were found effective against other coronaviruses, especially SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV (which emerged in 2002 and 2012, respectively), might be effective against SARS-CoV-2 due to their structural similarities. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic is a global emergency thus, urgent drug development is necessary. Natural products can be the biggest source of drugs, as they have been found to be effective in other coronaviruses previously; however, time is required to establish the clinical success of these drugs for clinical applications.

scholarly journals The value of lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers on clinical outcomes in osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Zhang ◽  
Xiaolei Ren ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Chenghao Zhang ◽  
Chao Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Human Osteosarcoma ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Background In recent years, emerging studies have demonstrated critical functions and potential clinical applications of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in osteosarcoma. To further validate the prognostic value of multiple lncRNAs, we have conducted this updated meta-analysis. Methods Literature retrieval was conducted by searching PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library (last update by October 2, 2019). A meta-analysis was performed to explore association between lncRNAs expression and overall survival (OS) of osteosarcoma patients. Relationships between lncRNAs expression and other clinicopathological features were also analyzed respectively. Results Overall, 4351 patients from 62 studies were included in this meta-analysis and 25 lncRNAs were identified. Pooled analyses showed that high expression of 14 lncRNAs connoted worse OS, while two lncRNAs were associated with positive outcome. Further, analysis toward osteosarcoma clinicopathologic features demonstrated that overexpression of TUG1 and XIST indicated poor clinical parameters of patients. Conclusions This meta-analysis has elucidated the prognostic potential of 16 lncRNAs in human osteosarcoma. Evidently, desperate expression and functional targets of these lncRNAs offer new approaches for prognosis and therapy of osteosarcoma.

scholarly journals Commercial Bone Grafts Claimed as an Alternative to Autografts: Current Trends for Clinical Applications in Orthopaedics

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3290
Author(s):  
Marco Govoni ◽  
Leonardo Vivarelli ◽  
Alessandro Mazzotta ◽  
Cesare Stagni ◽  
Alessandra Maso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Regulatory Issues ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Cellular Bone

In the last twenty years, due to an increasing medical and market demand for orthopaedic implants, several grafting options have been developed. However, when alternative bone augmentation materials mimicking autografts are searched on the market, commercially available products may be grouped into three main categories: cellular bone matrices, growth factor enhanced bone grafts, and peptide enhanced xeno-hybrid bone grafts. Firstly, to obtain data for this review, the search engines Google and Bing were employed to acquire information from reports or website portfolios of important competitors in the global bone graft market. Secondly, bibliographic databases such as Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were also employed to analyse data from preclinical/clinical studies performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of each product released on the market. Here, we discuss several products in terms of osteogenic/osteoinductive/osteoconductive properties, safety, efficacy, and side effects, as well as regulatory issues and costs. Although both positive and negative results were reported in clinical applications for each class of products, to date, peptide enhanced xeno-hybrid bone grafts may represent the best choice in terms of risk/benefit ratio. Nevertheless, more prospective and controlled studies are needed before approval for routine clinical use.

scholarly journals Natural Products Targeting the Mitochondria in Cancers

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Yue Yang ◽  
Ping-Ya He ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Regulate Cell Growth ◽  
Anticancer Drug Discovery

There are abundant sources of anticancer drugs in nature that have a broad prospect in anticancer drug discovery. Natural compounds, with biological activities extracted from plants and marine and microbial metabolites, have significant antitumor effects, but their mechanisms are various. In addition to providing energy to cells, mitochondria are involved in processes, such as cell differentiation, cell signaling, and cell apoptosis, and they have the ability to regulate cell growth and cell cycle. Summing up recent data on how natural products regulate mitochondria is valuable for the development of anticancer drugs. This review focuses on natural products that have shown antitumor effects via regulating mitochondria. The search was done in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, over a 5-year period, between 2015 and 2020, with a keyword search that focused on natural products, natural compounds, phytomedicine, Chinese medicine, antitumor, and mitochondria. Many natural products have been studied to have antitumor effects on different cells and can be further processed into useful drugs to treat cancer. In the process of searching for valuable new drugs, natural products such as terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, coumarins, and quinones cover the broad space.

Natural Products as PI3K/ Akt Inhibitors: Implications in Preventing Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Pi3k Signaling ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Downstream Effectors ◽  
Natural Inhibitors

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the prominent forms of cancer in developed countries. Incidence of HCC is well correlated with fatty liver disease and cirrhosis; the underlying chronic inflammation and lipotoxicity are thought to drive the process of HCC. Several biochemical cycles and molecular pathways are associated with the carcinogenesis of the liver, of which the PI3K/Akt signaling is a common converging point. Objective: The review aims to provide a summary on the role of PI3K/Akt signaling and its downstream effectors in the development of HCC and its progression. Further, the emphasis has been given to the role of natural inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt pathway in HCC prevention, which are under various levels of drug discovery. Methods: The required literature were collected from PubMed/Medline databases, as well as Scopus or Web of science. Results: It is evident that various signaling pathways activated by growth factors together with detoxification machinery and biochemical cycles converge to the PI3K/Akt signaling. The pathway plays a key role in the carcinogenesis, metastasis and drug resistance events of HCC cells and provides the growth and survival advantage. Natural products belonging to various classes such as terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins and stilbenoids are proven inhibitors of PI3K signaling and also found to inhibit HCC progression. Conclusion: PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibitors, especially, the different phytochemicals are emerged as promising as antiHCC agents. These molecules are shown to interfere with the PI3K signaling at various stages and therefore the PI3K targeted drugs may be a future for the chemotherapeutic arena.

scholarly journals Tissue Engineering Approaches for Enamel, Dentin, and Pulp Regeneration: An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine M. Ahmed ◽  
Eman A. Abouauf ◽  
Nermeen AbuBakr ◽  
Christof E. Dörfer ◽  
Karim Fawzy El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Multilineage Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Different Sources

Stem/progenitor cells are undifferentiated cells characterized by their exclusive ability for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. In recent years, researchers and investigations explored the prospect of employing stem/progenitor cell therapy in regenerative medicine, especially stem/progenitor cells originating from the oral tissues. In this context, the regeneration of the lost dental tissues including enamel, dentin, and the dental pulp are pivotal targets for stem/progenitor cell therapy. The present review elaborates on the different sources of stem/progenitor cells and their potential clinical applications to regenerate enamel, dentin, and the dental pulpal tissues.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on the Role of the Perfusion Computed Tomography in Abdominal Cancer

Dose-Response ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932582110561
Author(s):  
Nunzia Garbino ◽  
Valentina Brancato ◽  
Marco Salvatore ◽  
Carlo Cavaliere
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Perfusion Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Oncologic Diseases

Background and purpose Perfusion Computed Tomography (CTp) is an imaging technique which allows quantitative and qualitative evaluation of tissue perfusion through dynamic CT acquisitions. Since CTp is still considered a research tool in the field of abdominal imaging, the aim of this work is to provide a systematic summary of the current literature on CTp in the abdominal region to clarify the role of this technique for abdominal cancer applications. Materials and Methods A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was performed to identify original articles involving the use of CTp for clinical applications in abdominal cancer since 2011. Studies were included if they reported original data on CTp and investigated the clinical applications of CTp in abdominal cancer. Results Fifty-seven studies were finally included in the study. Most of the included articles (33/57) dealt with CTp at the level of the liver, while a low number of studies investigated CTp for oncologic diseases involving UGI tract (8/57), pancreas (8/57), kidneys (3/57), and colon–rectum (5/57). Conclusions Our study revealed that CTp could be a valuable functional imaging tool in the field of abdominal oncology, particularly as a biomarker for monitoring the response to anti-tumoral treatment.

scholarly journals Clinical Applications of Ultrasound in Assessment of Follicle Development and Growth

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Vlaisavljevic ◽  
M Došen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Pulsed Doppler ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Late Follicular Phase

Abstract Monitoring of individual follicles during the menstrual cycle demonstrates in a noninvasive way the changes in their number and position during the early and the late follicular phase and the luteal phase. The differences in relations between the follicles near the dominant follicle can be demonstrated with the same technique using 3D reconstruction of the ovary. An increased perifollicular blood flow can be measured in the perifollicular period using color and pulsed Doppler. Automated estimation of blood volume around the ovarian follicles brought a new concept to this area. Results confirm the observation that vascularity around the follicle is intense in the periovulatory period. The blood volume does not differ between follicles containing an oocyte and those with no oocyte in the aspirate, or a nonfertilizable oocyte. From our results we can hypothesize that those follicles containing oocytes able to produce pregnancy have a more uniform perifollicular vascular network . Recognition of the follicle growth pattern has a prognostic value for the outcome of assisted reproduction methods. Follicular diameter and changes in growth patterns are more important than follicular wall thickness as parameters having an impact on clinical success.

scholarly journals Amaryllidaceae alkaloids with anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nieves Martinez-Peinado ◽  
Nuria Cortes-Serra ◽  
Laura Torras-Claveria ◽  
Maria-Jesus Pinazo ◽  
Joaquim Gascon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assays ◽  
Limited Efficacy ◽  
Single Compound ◽  
New Compounds

Abstract Background: Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is a neglected disease that affects ~7 million people worldwide. Development of new drugs to treat the infection remains a priority since those currently available have frequent side effects and limited efficacy at the chronic stage. Natural products provide a pool of diversity structures to lead the chemical synthesis of novel molecules for this purpose. Herein we analyzed the anti- T. cruzi activity of 9 alkaloids derived from plants of the Amaryllidaceae family. Methods: the activity of each alkaloid was assessed by means of a newly developed anti- T. cruzi phenotypic assay. We further evaluated the compounds that inhibited the parasite growth on two distinct cytotoxicity assays to discard those that were toxic to host cells and assure parasite selectivity. Results: we identified a single compound (hippeastrine 2 ) that was selectively active against the parasite yielding selectivity indexes of 12.7 and 35.2 against Vero and HepG2 cells, respectively. Conclusions: results reported here suggest that natural products are an interesting source of new compounds for the development of drugs against Chagas disease.

scholarly journals An evolution of stem cell research and therapy in Viet Nam

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuc Van Pham ◽  
Ngoc Bich Vu ◽  
Oanh Thuy Huynh ◽  
Mai Thi-Hoang Truong ◽  
Truc Le-Buu Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Research ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World

Stem cell research and therapy are one of the most attractive studies in the biomedicine. Not only in the bench, nowadays stem cells but also become the bustling industry. In Vietnam, biomedical scientists started to study and apply stem cells since 1995. From that, Vietnamese scientists got some significant achievements in stem cell research and therapy, especially in stem cell therapy for disease treatment. This report aimed to provide an overview of stem cell research and therapy from 1995 to date. Stem cell research activities were collected and analyzed based on the publications, projects about stem cells in some databases including Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase, and national scientific information. The results showed that stem cell research and therapy significantly increased from 2009 to date with more publications about stem cells and more clinical applications. With this growth rate, we hope that Vietnam can develop the stem cell industry and become one the stem cell center in the Asian and the world.

scholarly journals SOME MORDANTS APPLAIDED IN ECO PRINTING AND SAMPLE STUDIES ON DIFFERENT EFFECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (78) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Natural Dyeing ◽  
Printing Technique ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Fabric Surface ◽  
Different Sources

The eco printing technique is one of the ways to pattern fabrics using the correct and wide variety of plants that can bring out their natural colors. This technique has gained importance in recent years, as natural products that are completely environmentally friendly and do not threaten human health are used. In ecological printing, various processes are needed to ensure that the color pigments of plants obtained from nature adhere to the surface. Mordant is the most important step that ensures better adhesion of the dyestuff used in printing to the fabric fibers. Many different materials and techniques are used in the mordant process, which is made to provide durable and long-lasting colors. In this article, different sources were examined, and the materials used in mordant and their application to fabric were explained with the information obtained, and the effect differences were aimed to be explained with sample studies. In the light of this information, two different results were obtained on the surface with the same plants by using mordant method with two different materials. The materials used, the techniques applied were shown as data and the results obtained on the fabric surface were evaluated. Keywords: Eco printing, Ecological printing, Mordant, Natural dyeing

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