scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory Effect of Woodfordia fructicosa Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Adjuvant and Carragenan Treated Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Hem Raj ◽  
Avneet Gupta ◽  
Neeraj Upmanyu
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Woodfordia fructicosa is used traditionally for the treatment of inflammation associated with arthritis. Methods: In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of W. fructicosa (WFE) leaves ethanolic extract was assessed in Sprague Dawley rats by giving 200 mg/kg dose orally. Inflammation was studied by using carrageenan induced paw edema, Freund’s adjuvant (FA) and monosodium iodo acetate (MIA) induced arthritis as animal models. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was estimated in blood sample of animals treated with FA. The one way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test was used for statistical analysis. Results: WFE significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.001) paw thickness in carrageenan induced paw edema and FA induced arthritis. The significant decrease in knee diameter (P<0.001) in MIA induced arthritis as well as inhibitory effect (P<0.001) on elevated TNF- α was observed. Conclusion: These results showed that the WFEexerted an inhibitory effect on TNF-α and carrageenan paw edema which may justify its traditional use in inflammatory conditions. Thus, the study shows that leaves of W. fruticose afford anti-inflammatory activity by preventing the inflammation in different animal models.

scholarly journals Fisetin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response by activating β-catenin, leading to a decrease in endotoxic shock

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilandarage Menu Neelaka Molagoda ◽  
Jayasingha Arachchige Chathuranga C Jayasingha ◽  
Yung Hyun Choi ◽  
Rajapaksha Gedara Prasad Tharanga Jayasooriya ◽  
Chang-Hee Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Endotoxic Shock ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Zebrafish Larvae ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Gsk 3Β

AbstractFisetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid that possesses several pharmacological benefits including anti-inflammatory activity. However, its precise anti-inflammatory mechanism is not clear. In the present study, we found that fisetin significantly inhibited the expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Additionally, fisetin attenuated LPS-induced mortality and abnormalities in zebrafish larvae and normalized the heart rate. Fisetin decreased the recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils to the LPS-microinjected inflammatory site in zebrafish larvae, concomitant with a significant downregulation of proinflammatory genes, such as inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2a (COX-2a), IL-6, and TNF-α. Fisetin inhibited the nuclear localization of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), which reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Further, fisetin inactivated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) via phosphorylation at Ser9, and inhibited the degradation of β-catenin, which consequently promoted the localization of β-catenin into the nucleus. The pharmacological inhibition of β-catenin with FH535 reversed the fisetin-induced anti-inflammatory activity and restored NF-κB activity, which indicated that fisetin-mediated activation of β-catenin results in the inhibition of LPS-induced NF-κB activity. In LPS-microinjected zebrafish larvae, FH535 promoted the migration of macrophages to the yolk sac and decreased resident neutrophil counts in the posterior blood island and induced high expression of iNOS and COX-2a, which was accompanied by the inhibition of fisetin-induced anti-inflammatory activity. Altogether, the current study confirmed that the dietary flavonoid, fisetin, inhibited LPS-induced inflammation and endotoxic shock through crosstalk between GSK-3β/β-catenin and the NF-κB signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Enhydra fluctuans on male wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kishor Kumar Roy ◽  
Md. Kabirul Islam Mollah ◽  
Md. Masud Reja ◽  
Dibyendu Shil ◽  
Ranjan Kumar Maji
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Enhydra fluctuations an edible semi-aquatic vegetable plant are widely used in the traditional system of medicine. Ethanolic extract of Enhydra fluctuans was screened for analgesic & anti-inflammatory activity. Analgesic activity was evaluated by the hot plate method and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by formalin induce paw edema in Wistar rats (male). Ethanolic extract dose of 300 mg/kg reduce formalin induce paw inflammation and also increased the pain threshold in rats evidenced by hot plate method. The experimental results concluded that Enhydra fluctuans have significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity may due to flavonoid and phenolic compound content.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fucoxanthinol in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells through the NAAA-PEA Pathway

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhui Jin ◽  
Longhe Yang ◽  
Zhiwei Yi ◽  
Hua Fang ◽  
Weizhu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Lipid Mediator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous lipid mediator with powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic functions. PEA can be hydrolyzed by a lysosomal enzyme N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA), which is highly expressed in macrophages and other immune cells. The pharmacological inhibition of NAAA activity is a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammation-related diseases. Fucoxanthinol (FXOH) is a marine carotenoid from brown seaweeds with various beneficial effects. However, the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of action of FXOH in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of FXOH in the NAAA–PEA pathway and the anti-inflammatory effects based on this mechanism. In vitro results showed that FXOH can directly bind to the active site of NAAA protein and specifically inhibit the activity of NAAA enzyme. In an LPS-induced inflammatory model in macrophages, FXOH pretreatment significantly reversed the LPS-induced downregulation of PEA levels. FXOH also substantially attenuated the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and markedly reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and nitric oxide (NO). Moreover, the inhibitory effect of FXOH on NO induction was significantly abolished by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) inhibitor GW6471. All these findings demonstrated that FXOH can prevent LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages, and its mechanisms may be associated with the regulation of the NAAA-PEA-PPAR-α pathway.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extracts of Ove Costa Rican medicinalplants in Sprague-Dawley rats

2015 ◽  
pp. 723-727
Author(s):  
Beatriz Badilla ◽  
Gerardo Mora ◽  
Luis Jorge Poveda
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rican ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Edema Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Lethal Doses

The anti-inflamrnatory properties of Loasa specic¡sa and Loasa triphylla (Loasaceae), Urtica leptuphylla and Urera baccifera (Urticaceae), and Chaptalia nutans (Astemceae) were studied using the carregeenan induced mt paw edema model. Aqueous extmcts of each plant were made according to the ethnoboranical use. The hippocratic assay was made with female mts; the dose used was 500 mglkg i.p. andthe control group received 0.5 mi of n.s.s .. A11 the lmimals treated showed hipothermia, and those treated with the extmcts of Chaptalia nutans, Urera baccifera and Urtica lept/lPhylla showed an increased colinergic activity. Acute toxicities of !he aqueous extmcts were studied in mice an tbe mean lethal doses ranged between 1.0226 and 1.2022 glkg. The extracts of Urera baccifera, Chaptalia nutans, Loasa speciosa and Loasa triphylla (500 mglkg i.p.) showed an antiinflarnmatory activity compamble with that of indomethacin. The extracts of U. baccifera and C. nutans, which showed the gI"tatest anti-inflamrtJatory activity, did not show it when used orally (500 mg/k:g p.o.).

scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-GRANULOMA ACTIVITY OF SULFORAPHANE, A NATURALLY OCCURRING ISOTHIOCYANATE FROM BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERACEA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Mohanty ◽  
Abhisek Pal ◽  
V Badireenath Konkimalla ◽  
Sudam Chandra Si
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: The objective of this study was to establish the anti-inflammatory activity of sulforaphane (SFN) in different acute and subchronic models of inflammation. Methods: The anti-inflammatory activity of SFN was evaluated by the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) which are important mediators of inflammation as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, paw volume was determined in various acute models of inflammation, and percentage inhibition of granuloma tissue was assessed by cotton pellet-induced granuloma model. From serum, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase levels were determined which is followed by assay for estimation of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione (GSH). Results: SFN showed significant anti-inflammatory activity against paw edema induced by carrageenin/histamine/egg-albumin. A remarkable control in inflammation was observed most notably at the highest test dose of 5 mg/kg in the subchronic granuloma model. In addition, the release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α which is responsible for inflammatory activity gets attenuated by SFN (∗p<0.05; ∗∗p< 0.01). Moreover, toxic control rats showed significant decreased levels of GSH, catalase, and SOD and increased the level of serum hepatic enzymes which gets reversed by SFN in dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: The present findings demonstrated that SFN can recover inflammation by inhibiting TNF-α and IL-6 in inflammation process.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Investigations of Extracts of Zanthoxylum rhetsa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Chureeporn Imphat ◽  
Pakakrong Thongdeeying ◽  
Arunporn Itharat ◽  
Sumalee Panthong ◽  
Sunita Makchuchit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
No Production ◽  
Water Distillation ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Zanthoxylum rhetsa has been consumed in the diet in northern Thailand and also used as a medicament in ancient scripture for arthropathies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the activity of various extracts from differential parts of Z. rhetsa via inhibition of inflammatory mediators (NO, TNF-α, and PGE2) in RAW264.7 macrophages. The chemical composition in active extracts was also analyzed by GC/MS. The parts of this plant studied were whole fruits (F), pericarp (P), and seed (O). The methods of extraction included maceration in hexane, 95% ethanol and 50% ethanol, boiling in water, and water distillation. The results demonstrated that the hexane and 95% ethanolic extract from pericarp (PH and P95) and seed essential oil (SO) were the most active extracts. PH and P95 gave the highest inhibition of NO production with IC50 as 11.99 ± 1.66 μg/ml and 15.33 ± 1.05 μg/ml, respectively, and they also showed the highest anti-inflammatory effect on TNF-α with IC50 as 36.08 ± 0.55 μg/ml and 34.90 ± 2.58 μg/ml, respectively. PH and P95 also showed the highest inhibitory effect on PGE2 but less than SO with IC50 as 13.72 ± 0.81 μg/ml, 12.26 ± 0.71 μg/ml, and 8.61 ± 2.23 μg/ml, respectively. 2,3-Pinanediol was the major anti-inflammatory compound analyzed in PH (11.28%) and P95 (19.82%) while terpinen-4-ol constituted a major anti-inflammatory compound in SO at 35.13%. These findings are the first supportive data for ethnomedical use for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in acute (SO) and chronic (PH and P95) inflammation.

scholarly journals Two New Dihydrostilbenoid Glycosides Isolated from the Leaves of Litsea coreana and their Anti-inflammatory Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Wenjian Tang ◽  
Weili Lu ◽  
Xiaoqing Cao ◽  
Yilong Zhang ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Raw264.7 Cell ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Two new dihydrostilbenoid glycosides, named 5-(2-phenylethyl)-3-hydroxyphenol-1- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 6-(2-phenylethyl)-2,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid-2- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with two known compounds, were isolated from the leaves of Litsea coreana Levl.. Their structures were established on the basis of NMR spectroscopic, MS and chemical data. Biological tests revealed that 1-3 exhibited moderate anti-inflammatory activity through an inhibitory effect on TNF-α, IL-1 production from RAW264.7 cell line activated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS).

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pistacia lentiscus Essential Oil: Involvement of IL-6 and TNF-α

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Maxia ◽  
Cinzia Sanna ◽  
Maria Assunta Frau ◽  
Alessandra Piras ◽  
Manvendra Singh Karchuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Pistacia Lentiscus ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cotton Pellet ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Rat Paw

The topical anti-inflammatory activity of essential oil of Pistacia lentiscus L. was studied using carrageenan induced rat paw edema and cotton pellet induced granuloma. The effect on serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in rats inserted with cotton pellet was also investigated. On topical application, the oil exhibited a significant decrease in paw edema. The oil also inhibited cotton pellet-induced granuloma, and reduced serum TNF-α and IL-6. It can be concluded that the essential oil of Pistacia lentiscus reduces leukocyte migration to the damaged tissue and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antipyretic and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Aqueous Extract of Leptadenia Reticulata in Animal Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Bherji ◽  
M. Ganga Raju ◽  
Namile Divya
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

<strong>Objective:</strong> To study the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of the Aqueous Extract of <em>Leptadenia Reticulata</em> (AELR) in different animal models. <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: Acute toxicity studies were performed and extract was found to be safe upto 2000 mg/kg. Two doses were selected for the "evaluation of antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of <em>Leptadenia reticulata</em> in animal models" i.e 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg b. w. Antipyretic activity was evaluated using baker's yeast induced pyrexia in albino rats and cow milk induced pyrexia in albino rabbits. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan induced paw edema and turpentine oil induced paw edema in albino rats. <strong>Results</strong>: In all the animal models AELR at the dose of 200 mg/kg b.w and 400 mg/kg b.w showed significant (P&lt;0.01) antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: These finding could justify the inclusion of aqueous extract of <em>Leptadenia reticulata</em> in the management of pyrexia and inflammation.

scholarly journals THE COMPARISON OF PROPOLIS EFFECTS ON TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA AND MALONDIALDEHYDE BETWEEN INHALATION AND CUTANEOUS ANTHRAX ANIMAL MODELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dhani Redhono Harioputro ◽  
Wisnu Sanjaya ◽  
Yulyani Werdiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inhalation Anthrax ◽  
Cutaneous Anthrax ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: Inflammatory response and oxidative stress can be found in anthrax characterized by increased level of serum Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and Malondialdehyde (MDA). The use of antibiotics in anthrax has been known to cause some disturbing side-effects, such as allergic reaction, nausea, vomiting, and antibiotic resistance. Thus, ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) might be the alternative regimen, due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to compare the effects of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on TNF-α and MDA between the inhalation and cutaneous anthrax animal model. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study with a post-test-only control group design on 40 samples of Rattus norvegicus. Samples were randomized into 5 groups: control, inhalation anthrax model, inhalation anthrax model + EEP, cutaneous anthrax model, and cutaneous anthrax model + EEP. After 14 days, the level of TNF-α and MDA were measured. To compare the data, we used the ANOVA test continued by the post-hoc Turkey test. Results: The results obtained showed that the level of TNF-α and MDA between the inhalation and cutaneous anthrax animal models treated with EEP were statistically different (p < 0.05). The P5 group showed the lowest level of TNF-α (6.822 ± 0.383 pg/ml) and MDA (2.717 ± 0.383 nmol/ml). Conclusion: EEP has a better effect on reducing TNF-α and MDA in cutaneous anthrax animal models compared to the inhalation anthrax animal model.

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