Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Lung and Liver Protective Activity of Galaxaura oblongata as Antagonistic Efficacy against LPS using Hematological Parameters and Immunohistochemistry as Biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Nabil-Adam ◽  
Mohamed A. Shreadah
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vivo Assays ◽  
Induction Group ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential bioactivity and the ameliorative role of Galaxaura oblongata (G. oblongata) against LPS-induced toxicity by using hematological parameters. Objective: It is aimed also to examine its protective effect using the immunohistochemistry of liver and lungs as biomarkers in male BALB/C albino mice. Materials and Methods: the current study carried out using different in-vitro and in-vivo assays such as phytochemical, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory for in-vitro where the hematological and immunohistochemistry for lung and liver were investigated in vivo. Results: There are no previous studies were performed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro effects of the G. oblongata extracts as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory due to their rareness compared to other red algae. LPS treated mice revealed a significant decrease in total number of WBCs, RBCs, platelets, and HGB%, MPV, MCV and MCHC compared to the control group. On contrast, the HCT and MCHC were increased in the induction group which was treated with LPS compared to the control group. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry results of the present study revealed the protective effect of G. oblongata compared to the induction group. G. oblongata can be used as protective marine natural products against the toxicity induced by LPS. Conclusion: It exhibited a significant ameliorative role against the alterations in the hematological parameters and immunohistochemistry of liver and lungs, and helps to reduce as well as coordinate the acute inflammations caused by TNF.

Anti-obesity role of Aster glehni extract: in vivo and in vitro effects

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Lee ◽  
TG Ahn ◽  
CW Kim ◽  
HJ An
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Effects

Protective Effect of Boswellic Resin Against Memory Loss and Alzheimer’s Induced by Aluminum Tetrachloride and D-Galactose (Experimental study in Mice)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zerrouki ◽  
N. Djebli ◽  
L. Gadouche ◽  
I. Erdogan Orhan ◽  
F. SezerSenol Deniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Octyl Acetate

Nowadays, because of the industrialization, a lot of contaminant were available ; the consequences of this availability are apparition of diseases including neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative diseases of the human brain comprise a variety of disorders that affect an increasing percentage of the population. This study is based on the effect of the Boswellic resin, which is from a medicinal plant and known for its antioxidant effects on nerve cell damage. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of the Boswellic resin on anticholinesterase activity and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) induced by D-galactose and aluminum tetrachloride in Swiss mice. Chemical composition of the resin essential oil was identified by the CG-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was also assessed by the DMPD and metal chelation methods. In order to understand the mechanism of memory improvement, the acetylcholinesterase, AChE, and butyrylcholinesterase, BChE, inhibitory assays were performed. In vivo part of the study was achieved on Swiss mice divided into four groups: control, AD model, treated AD, and treated control group. The identification of chemical composition by CG-MS reach the 89.67% of the total extract compounds presented some very important molecules (p-Cymene, n-Octyl acetate, α-Pinene…). The present study proves that Boswellic resin improves memory and learning in treated Alzheimer’s group, modulates the oxidative stress and be involved in the protective effect against amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration, and stimulates the immune system in mice’s brain.

scholarly journals Dual Role of Interleukin-10 in Murine NZB/W F1 Lupus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1347
Author(s):  
Anaïs Amend ◽  
Natalie Wickli ◽  
Anna-Lena Schäfer ◽  
Dalina T. L. Sprenger ◽  
Rudolf A. Manz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Murine Lupus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
In Vivo Effects

As a key anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 is crucial in preventing inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, in human and murine lupus, its role remains controversial. Our aim was to understand regulation and immunologic effects of IL-10 on different immune functions in the setting of lupus. This was explored in lupus-prone NZB/W F1 mice in vitro and vivo to understand IL-10 effects on individual immune cells as well as in the complex in vivo setting. We found pleiotropic IL-10 expression that largely increased with progressing lupus, while IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) levels remained relatively stable. In vitro experiments revealed pro- and anti-inflammatory IL-10 effects. Particularly, IL-10 decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and slowed B cell proliferation, thereby triggering plasma cell differentiation. The frequent co-expression of ICOS, IL-21 and cMAF suggests that IL-10-producing CD4 T cells are important B cell helpers in this context. In vitro and in vivo effects of IL-10 were not fully concordant. In vivo IL-10R blockade slightly accelerated clinical lupus manifestations and immune dysregulation. Altogether, our side-by-side in vitro and in vivo comparison of the influence of IL-10 on different aspects of immunity shows that IL-10 has dual effects. Our results further reveal that the overall outcome may depend on the interplay of different factors such as target cell, inflammatory and stimulatory microenvironment, disease model and state. A comprehensive understanding of such influences is important to exploit IL-10 as a therapeutic target.

scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF CURCUMIN AND CAPSAICIN AUGMENTED IN COMBINATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Thriveni Vasanth Kumar ◽  
Manjunatha H. ◽  
Rajesh Kp
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Individual

Objective: Dietary curcumin and capsaicin are well known for their health beneficial potencies. The current study was done to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination by employing in vitro and in vivo models.Methods: We investigated the protective effect of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination using in vitro heat induced human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilisation, in vivo 3% agar induced leukocyte mobilisation and acetic acid induced vascular permeability assay.Results: Curcumin, capsaicin and their combination exhibited concentration dependent protective effect against heat-induced HRBC membrane destabilisation, while combined curcumin and capsaicin restored 87.0±0.64 % membrane stability and it is found to be better than curcumin, capsaicin and diclofenac sodium (75.0±0.25. 72±0.9 and 80.0±0.31 %) protective effect. In agar suspension induced leukocyte mobilization assay, the combined curcumin and capsaicin had shown 39.5±1.58 % of inhibition compared to individual curcumin and capsaicin, which showed moderate inhibition of 16.0±3.14 and 21.6±2.17 % respectively. Besides, the combined curcumin and capsaicin had shown highly significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced vascular permeability in rats (62.0±3.14 %), whereas individual curcumin and capsaicin showed moderate inhibition of vascular permeability with 36.0±2.41 and 43.0±1.92 % respectively.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the significant anti-inflammatory property of combined curcumin and capsaicin at half of the individual concentration of curcumin and capsaicin.

scholarly journals Let-7a regulates EV secretion and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by targeting SNAP23 in colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
You Dong Liu ◽  
Xiao Peng Zhuang ◽  
Dong Lan Cai ◽  
Can Cao ◽  
Qi Sheng Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
In Vivo Assays ◽  
Reporter Assays ◽  
Extracellular Mirna

Abstract Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are abundant in tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the functions of extracellular miRNA to recipient cells have been extensively studied with tumorigenesis. However, the role of miRNA in EV secretion from cancer cells remains unknown. Methods qPCR and bioinformatics analysis were applied for determining extracellular let-7a expression from CRC patient serum and cells. Nanosight particle tracking analysis was performed for investigating the effect of let-7a on EV secretion. Luciferase reporter assays was used for identifying targeted genes synaptosome-associated protein 23 (SNAP23). In vitro and in vivo assays were used for exploring the function of let-7a/SNAP23 axis in CRC progression. Bioenergetic assays were performed for investigating the role of let-7a/SNAP23 in cellular metabolic reprogramming. Results let-7a miRNA was elevated in serum EVs from CRC patients and was enriched in CRC cell-derived EVs. We determined that let-7a could suppress EV secretion directly targeting SNAP23. In turn, SNAP23 promotes EV secretion of let-7a to downregulate the intracellular let-7a expression. In addition, we found a novel mechanism of let-7a/SNAP23 axis by regulating mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) through Lin28a/SDHA signaling pathway. Conclusions Let-7a plays an essential role in not only inhibiting EV secretion, but also suppressing OXPHOS through SNAP23, resulting in the suppression of CRC progression, suggesting that let-7a/SNAP23 axis could provide not only effective tumor biomarkers but also novel targets for tumor therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Genotoxic and Chemopreventive Effects of Vochysia divergens Leaves (Pantanal, Brazil)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Pollyanna Francielli de Oliveira ◽  
Suzana Amorim Mendes ◽  
Nathália Oliveira Acésio ◽  
Luis Claudio Kellner Filho ◽  
Leticia Pereira Pimenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Test System ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Xtt Assay ◽  
Vochysia Divergens

The medicinal plant Vochysia divergens is a colonizing tree species of the Pantanal, a unique and little explored wetland region in Brazil. This species is used in folk medicine as syrups and teas to treat respiratory infections, digestive disorders, asthma, scarring, and skin diseases. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and genotoxic potential of the ethanolic extract of Vochysia divergens leaves (VdE), as well as the influence of VdE and its major component (the flavone 3′,5-dimethoxy luteolin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside; 3′5 DL) on MMS-induced genotoxicity. The extract significantly reduced the viability of V79 cells in the colorimetric XTT assay at concentrations ≥ 39 μg/mL. A significant increase in micronucleus frequencies was observed in V79 cell cultures treated with VdE concentrations of 160 and 320 μg/mL. However, animals treated with the tested doses of VdE (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg b.w.) exhibited frequencies that did not differ significantly from those of the negative control group, indicating the absence of genotoxicity. The results also showed that VdE was effective in reducing MMS-induced genotoxicity at concentrations of 20, 40, and 80 μg/mL in the in vitro test system and at a dose of 15 mg/kg b.w. in the in vivo test system. Its major component 3′5 DL exerted no protective effect, suggesting that it is not responsible for the effect of the extract. The results of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay showed that VdE was able to scavenge 92.6% of free radicals. In conclusion, the results suggest that the protective effect of VdE may be related, at least in part, to the antioxidant activity of its chemical constituents.

scholarly journals Effects of prostaglandin lipid mediators on agonist-induced lung endothelial permeability and inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (4) ◽  
pp. L710-L721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunbo Ke ◽  
Olga V. Oskolkova ◽  
Nicolene Sarich ◽  
Yufeng Tian ◽  
Albert Sitikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Endothelial Permeability ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Prostaglandins (PG), the products of cyclooxygenase-mediated conversion of arachidonic acid, become upregulated in many situations including allergic response, inflammation, and injury, and exhibit a variety of biological activities. Previous studies described barrier-enhancing and anti-inflammatory effects of PGE2 and PGI2 on vascular endothelial cells (EC). Yet, the effects of other PG members on EC barrier and inflammatory activation have not been systematically analyzed. This study compared effects of PGE2, PGI2, PGF2α, PGA2, PGJ2, and PGD2 on human pulmonary EC. EC permeability was assessed by measurements of transendothelial electrical resistance and cell monolayer permeability for FITC-labeled tracer. Anti-inflammatory effects of PGs were evaluated by analysis of expression of adhesion molecule ICAM1 and secretion of soluble ICAM1 and cytokines by EC. PGE2, PGI2, and PGA2 exhibited the most potent barrier-enhancing effects and most efficient attenuation of thrombin-induced EC permeability and contractile response, whereas PGI2 effectively suppressed thrombin-induced permeability but was less efficient in the attenuation of prolonged EC hyperpermeability caused by interleukin-6 or bacterial wall lipopolysaccharide, LPS. PGD2 showed a modest protective effect on the EC inflammatory response, whereas PGF2α and PGJ2 were without effect on agonist-induced EC barrier dysfunction. In vivo, PGE2, PGI2, and PGA2 attenuated LPS-induced lung inflammation, whereas PGF2α and PGJ2 were without effect. Interestingly, PGD2 exhibited a protective effect in the in vivo model of LPS-induced lung injury. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of barrier-protective and anti-inflammatory effects of different prostaglandins on lung EC in vitro and in vivo and identifies PGE2, PGI2, and PGA2 as prostaglandins with the most potent protective properties.

scholarly journals Determination of in Vivo Biological Activities of Dodonaea Viscosa Flowers Against CCL4 Toxicity in Albino Mice With Bioactive Compound Detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Gul ◽  
Muhammad Awais ◽  
Salina Saddick ◽  
Falak Sher Khan ◽  
Muhammad Gulfraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Dodonaea Viscosa

Abstract Dodonaea viscosa L. Jacq. is an evergreen shrub and native to Asia, Africa and Australia. It has been used as traditional medicine in different countries. The foremost objective of the current study was to discover protective potential of D. Viscosa flowers Methanol (DVM) and Chloroform (DVC) extracts against CCL4 induced toxicity in mice. This study was intended to identify phytochemicals through HPLC, GCMS and FT-IR as well as in vitro antioxidant and in vitro antituberculosis activity. Our comprehensive findings indicate that Dodonaea viscosa is valuable and widespread herbal medicines through therapeutic potentials for curing various ailments. Dodonaea viscosa flowers are found to have protective effect against oxidative stress produced by CCL4 in liver, kidney and spleen. The level of hepatic enzymes (ALP, AST ALT and Direct bilirubin), hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs and Platelets), total protein and liver antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx and CAT) were restored by the intake of DV extracts after decline in levels by CCL4. Histopathological results discovered the defensive effect of 300mg/kg of DVM extract against CCL4 induced damage, thus having improved protective effect as compared to DVC and control. As a result of analysis total flavonoids and total phenolics were also revealed. Phytochemical investigation by HPLC identified gallic acid, epicatechin, cumeric acid, flavonoids while Oleic acid (Octadecenoic acid) (C18H34O2), Stearic acid (C18H36O2), Ricinoleic acid (C18H34O3) and Cedrol (C15H26O) was estimated by GCMS. DVM extract exhibited resistance against in vitro Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. This study proposed that protective effect of DV against oxidative damage induced in Liver, Kidney and Spleen can possibly be correlated to their antioxidant as well as free radical scavenging property.

Pharmacognostical Standardization, Isolation of Phytoconstituents (β-sitosterol), HPTLC analysis of extracts of Operculina turpethum (Linn.) roots and evaluation of cytotoxic, in vitro & in vivo anti-inflammatory activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Ved ◽  
Shweta Gupta ◽  
Namrata Singh ◽  
Karuna S. Shukla ◽  
Om Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Egg Albumin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Operculina turpethum (Linn.) Silva Manso, family- convolvulaceae, is an important plant in Indian conventional system of medicine which is extensively employed by different tribes in many countries to cure edema and painful conditions like arthritis, back pain; hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, liver disorders, skin disorders and to regulate bowel functions. Objective: The roots of O. turpethum (Linn.) was subjected to physicochemical, phytochemical standardization, the chromatographic separation which was accomplished by column chromatography, TLC, and HPTLC, further, the acute toxicity, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of Operculina turpethum roots were estimated by in vivo and in vitro models. Materials and Methods: This study includes percentage yield of extraction, organoleptic evaluation along with the analysis of its physicochemical investigations & preliminary phytochemical estimation. The isolation of active phytoconstituents was done by column chromatography, and the isolated compound was then exposed to TLC and HPTLC analysis. Cytotoxic activity was tested by WST-1 based cell viability assay on HepG2 cells. Anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract (ME) was evaluated against inflammation occur by both in vitro and in vivo method. Results: The methanolic extract exhibited the presence of most of the phytoconstituents out of all the extracts, the phytoconstituent phytosterol, i.e., β-sitosterol was isolated by column chromatography, identified and quantified by TLC and HPTLC, which is liable for anti-inflammatory activity. The amount of β-sitosterol was estimated to be 14.09 µg in 10.00 mg fraction of MEOT. MEOT is devoid of toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg in Wistar albino rats. It was analysed that in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of MEOT by egg albumin denaturation method exhibited a incredible decrement in turbidity and increasing the percentage inhibition of albumin denaturation (60.52%) in MEOT treated group as compared with control group. In egg albumin-induced edema in rats, MEOT at the dose of 400 mg/kg reduced the edema formation (3.03 ± 0.02) induced by egg albumin at 4th h. In cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rats, MEOT at the dose of 400 mg/kg displayed maximum granuloma inhibition (51.06%) which is similar to that of indomethacin. Conclusion: From the obtained findings it is confirmed that O. turpethum contains β-sitosterol which is responsible for potent anti-inflammatory activity without causing cytotoxicity to the plant. The results suggested that ME of O. turpethum roots had high potential for application as an anti-inflammatory agent. The recognization and confirmation of the plant can be obtaineded from the study and will present data which is aidful in determining the quality and purity of a crude drug which further helps in preventing its adulteration.

Abstract 140: Anti-inflammatory and Anti-atherogenic Role of Bmp Receptor II In Endothelial Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanwoo Kim ◽  
Hannah Song ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Douglas Nam ◽  
Hyuk Sang Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Disturbed Flow ◽  
Bmp Receptors ◽  
Endothelial Inflammation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease that arises from a combination of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, occurring preferentially in arterial regions exposed to disturbed flow. Bone morphogenic protein-4 (BMP4) produced by disturbed flow induces inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, suggesting the importance of BMPs in vascular biology and disease. BMPs bind to two different types of BMP receptors (BMPRI and II) to instigate intracellular signaling. Increasing evidences suggest a correlative role of BMP4 and atherosclerosis, but the role of BMP receptors especially BMPRII in atherosclerosis is still unclear and whether knockdown of BMPRII is the cause or the consequence of atherosclerosis is still not known. It is therefore, imperative to investigate the mechanisms by which BMPRII expression is modulated and its ramifications in atherosclerosis. Initially, we expected that knockdown of BMPRII will result in loss of pro-atherogenic BMP4 signaling and will thereby prevent atherosclerosis. Contrarily, we found that loss of BMPRII expression causes endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis. Using BMPRII siRNA and BMPRII +/- mice, we found that BMPRII knockdown induces endothelial inflammation in a BMP-independent manner via mechanisms involving reactive oxygen species (ROS), NFκB, and NADPH oxidases. Further, BMPRII +/- ApoE -/- mice develop accelerated atherosclerosis compared to BMPRII +/+ ApoE -/- mice, suggesting loss of BMPRII may induce atherosclerosis. Interestingly, we found that multiple pro-atherogenic stimuli such as hypercholesterolemia, disturbed flow, pro-hypertensive angiotensin II, and pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNFα, downregulate BMPRII expression in endothelium, while anti-atherogenic stimuli such as stable flow and statin treatment upregulate its expression, both in vivo and in vitro . Moreover, we found that BMPRII expression is significantly diminished in human coronary advanced atherosclerotic lesions. These results suggest that BMPRII is a critical, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic protein that is commonly targeted by multiple pro- and anti-atherogenic factors. BMPRII could be used as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.

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