scholarly journals Traffic Characteristics Evaluation and Traffic Management Measures: A Case study of Dharwad City

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devaraj Hanumappa ◽  
Raviraj H. Mulangi ◽  
Nityanand S. Kudachimath
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Multiple Constraints ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The City ◽  
Planning Problems

Traffic problems in the urban areas are increasing at a rapid rate. Engineers, planners or the policymakers are having a tough time in dealing with their multiple constraints for getting the desired solution. Some of the main transportation planning problems are mixed traffic plying on the roads, inadequate parking areas, increasing number of vehicles and road users, the unbalanced pattern of land use with obsolete road system, increasing number of road facilities and environmental pollution. Since in India most of the cities are unplanned, we are only left with an option management of existing infrastructure. In this paper, one such case study is presented in which a detailed traffic management for the city of Dharwad is carried out.

scholarly journals Extracting Road Traffic Volume in the City before and during covid-19 through Video Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Continuous, automatic measurements of road traffic volume allow the obtaining of information on daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations in road traffic volume. They are the basis for calculating the annual average daily traffic volume, obtaining information about the relevant traffic volume, or calculating indicators for converting traffic volume from short-term measurements to average daily traffic volume. The covid-19 pandemic has contributed to extensive social and economic anomalies worldwide. In addition to the health consequences, the impact on travel behavior on the transport network was also sudden, extensive, and unpredictable. Changes in the transport behavior resulted in different values of traffic volume on the road and street network than before. The article presents road traffic volume analysis in the city before and during the restrictions related to covid-19. Selected traffic characteristics were compared for 2019 and 2020. This analysis made it possible to characterize the daily, weekly and annual variability of traffic volume in 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the article attempts to estimate daily traffic patterns at particular stages of the pandemic. These types of patterns were also constructed for the weeks in 2019 corresponding to these stages of the pandemic. Daily traffic volume distributions in 2020 were compared with the corresponding ones in 2019. The obtained results may be useful in terms of planning operational and strategic activities in the field of traffic management in the city and management in subsequent stages of a pandemic or subsequent pandemics.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Mass Balance and Pressure Impact Model Applied to an Urban Aquifer

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitja Janža ◽  
Joerg Prestor ◽  
Simona Pestotnik ◽  
Brigita Jamnik
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Pressure Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The assurance of drinking water supply is one of the biggest emerging global challenges, especially in urban areas. In this respect, groundwater and its management in the urban environment are gaining importance. This paper presents the modeling of nitrogen load from the leaky sewer system and from agriculture and the impact of this pressure on the groundwater quality (nitrate concentration) in the urban aquifer located beneath the City of Ljubljana. The estimated total nitrogen load in the model area of 58 km2 is 334 ton/year, 38% arising from the leaky sewer system and 62% from agriculture. This load was used as input into the groundwater solute transport model to simulate the distribution of nitrate concentration in the aquifer. The modeled nitrate concentrations at the observation locations were found to be on average slightly lower (2.7 mg/L) than observed, and in general reflected the observed contamination pattern. The ability of the presented model to relate and quantify the impact of pressures from different contamination sources on groundwater quality can be beneficially used for the planning and optimization of groundwater management measures for the improvement of groundwater quality.

scholarly journals Building Smarter Cities through Social Entrepreneurship

2017 ◽  
pp. 327-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Bernardino ◽  
J. Freitas Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Social Interventions ◽  
Social Ventures ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The City ◽  
Disadvantaged People

The objective of the present study is to examine the extent to which social ventures are able to increase the “smartness” of cities. To achieve this goal, we adopt a qualitative approach using a case study method to obtain valuable insights about different characteristics and strategies of Cais (a non-profit association dedicated to helping disadvantaged people in urban areas). Through our analysis of Cais's activities, we assess whether its social interventions match the dimensions proposed by Giffinger et al. (2007) to rank smart cities' performance; specifically, it has smart: economy, people, governance, mobility, environment, and living. The research shows that the action pursued comprises elements from all the above-mentioned dimensions. Further, the analysis reveals that Cais reinforces the smartness of the city in which it acts (in terms of attributes such as living, economy, people, and environment).

scholarly journals Effects of Repeated Sand Replenishment Projects on Runs of a Beach-Spawning Fish, the California Grunion

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. M. Martin ◽  
Loni C. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Sandy Sediment ◽  
Spawning Habitat ◽  
California Department ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Late Night ◽  
Method Of Placement ◽  
The City

Beach habitats are diminishing globally, particularly in urban areas, as sea-level rise, erosion, and shoreline hardening, along with reduced sediment inputs, combine to squeeze the coast. In California, USA an endemic marine fish, the California grunion, spawns on sandy beaches during late-night spring tides. Its unique recreational fishery is managed by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife. The City of Oceanside, CA contracts for annual harbor dredging and, after testing, places the sandy sediment on its public beach. The effects on local beach wildlife from this annual sand replenishment are not known. We examined the effect of this repeated activity as a case study over three years on the spawning runs of the California grunion. Some spawning runs occurred in all three years, but the fish avoided areas with high scarps in the intertidal zone that developed following sand placement activity. Grunion spawning runs have declined in the habitat range as a whole over the past two decades, and those in Oceanside have declined to an even greater extent. Increasing sandy beach habitat can be beneficial to wildlife, but the method of placement, timing of the project, and fate of the beach afterward can modulate or prevent beneficial effects. Frequent repetition of sand placement may accumulate impacts without allowing sufficient time for the ecosystem to recover. Rather than improving the habitat, these repeated projects in Oceanside may degrade the spawning habitat for the grunion. Alternative discharge methods and locations, slope and elevation designs, sediment volumes, and greater care in beach fill practices should be implemented to reduce future impacts.

scholarly journals Environmental Urbanization Assessment Using GIS and Multicriteria Decision Analysis: A Case Study for Denizli (Turkey) Municipal Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Erdal Akyol ◽  
Mutlu Alkan ◽  
Ali Kaya ◽  
Suat Tasdelen ◽  
Ali Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Analysis ◽  
Multicriteria Decision ◽  
The City

In recent years, life quality of the urban areas is a growing interest of civil engineering. Environmental quality is essential to display the position of sustainable development and asserts the corresponding countermeasures to the protection of environment. Urban environmental quality involves multidisciplinary parameters and difficulties to be analyzed. The problem is not only complex but also involves many uncertainties, and decision-making on these issues is a challenging problem which contains many parameters and alternatives inherently. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a very prepotent technique to solve that sort of problems, and it guides the users confidence by synthesizing that information. Environmental concerns frequently contain spatial information. Spatial multicriteria decision analysis (SMCDA) that includes Geographic Information System (GIS) is efficient to tackle that type of problems. This study has employed some geographic and urbanization parameters to assess the environmental urbanization quality used by those methods. The study area has been described in five categories: very favorable, favorable, moderate, unfavorable, and very unfavorable. The results are momentous to see the current situation, and they could help to mitigate the related concerns. The study proves that the SMCDA descriptions match the environmental quality perception in the city.

scholarly journals How Does China’s New Consumption Era Reshape Residents’ Shopping Behaviors from the Perspective of Community in Hohhot, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7599
Author(s):  
Fangqu Niu ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
New Era ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Variable Influence ◽  
The City

In the new consumption era, the popularization and application of information technology has continuously enriched residents’ consumption channels, gradually reshaping their consumption concepts and shopping behaviors. In this paper, Hohhot is taken as a case study, using open-source big data and field survey data to theorize the characteristics and mechanism of residents’ shopping behaviors in different segments of consumers based on geography. First, communities were divided into five types according to their location and properties: main communities in urban areas (MCs), historical communities in urban areas (HCs), high-grade communities in the outskirts of the city (HGCs), mid-grade communities in urban peripheries (MGCs), and urban villages (UVs). On this basis, a structural equation model is used to explore the characteristics of residents’ shopping behaviors and their influencing mechanisms in the new consumption era. The results showed that: (1) The online shopping penetration rate of residents in UVs and HCs is lowest, and that of residents in HGC is highest. (2) The types of products purchased in online and offline shopping by different types of community show certain differences. (3) From the perspective of influencing mechanisms, residents’ characteristics directly affect their shopping behaviors and, indirectly (through the choice of community where they live and their consumption attitudes), their differences in shopping behaviors. Different properties of communities cannot directly affect residents’ shopping behaviors, but they can affect them indirectly by influencing consumption attitudes and then affect such behaviors. Typical consumption attitudes of the new era, such as shopping for luxuries and emerging consumption, have the most significant and direct influence on shopping behaviors, as well as an intermediate and variable influence.

A Review on the Factors Influencing the Park-and-Ride Traffic Management Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 663-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ahmed Memon ◽  
Napiah Madzlan ◽  
Mir Aftab Hussain Talpur ◽  
Muhammad Rehan Hakro ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmed Chandio
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Park And Ride ◽  
Support Policy ◽  
Management Method ◽  
The City

Park-and-ride is a traffic management method of traffic congestion problem in urban areas. As an extent of total demand management, park-and-ride service (P&R service) has broadly implemented in many countries. P&R service has proven to be progressive in alleviating traffic congestion despite of complication in finding parking spaces in the city centers. The objective of this research is to discuss a model to shift car travelers’ to park-and-ride service (P&R service) and to investigate the factors which influence car travelers’ behavior. This study can support policy makers’ with useful information for future planning and development of park-and-ride service. Research outcomes will support policy-making and provide base for future study on modal choice behavior model for park-and-ride service.

New Modeling Approach for Mixed-Traffic Streams with Nonmotorized Vehicles

2000 ◽  
Vol 1705 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy George Oketch
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Traffic Performance ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Effective Analysis

Mixed-traffic streams that contain motorized and nonmotorized vehicles are becoming more common in urban areas. These streams contain standard vehicle types such as private cars, buses, and trucks, as well as nonstandard vehicles such as bicycles, motorcycles, and other vehicular forms. Models suitable for analysis of such streams hardly exist, and most available models are limited in scope and effectiveness. Analysis of mixed streams that use traditional approaches has achieved limited success and has involved much recalibration effort and significant model modifications. Effective analysis of these streams therefore inevitably requires new models to be developed that use different approaches. Aspects of a model developed specifically for mixed streams are presented. This model covers different vehicle types, including nonmotorized ones, and allows for some special behaviors, such as seepage to fronts of queues by two-wheeled vehicles and simultaneous use of two lanes. In addition to normal car-following rules, the model incorporates lateral movement with a gradual lane change maneuver (as opposed to an instantaneous one), the decisions of which are governed by fuzzy logic rules. The model was calibrated and tested with data from Nairobi, Kenya, and its predictions were found to be in close agreement with the field data. In addition to its being a normal traffic management tool, the model makes a significant contribution to the study of the influence of nonstandard vehicle types or behavior on traffic performance.

scholarly journals THE USE OF STATISTICAL MODELING TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ROAD NETWORK INTERSECTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Roman V. Andronov ◽  
◽  
Evgeny E. Leverents ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Modeling ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Adaptive Regulation ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The City

The article discusses the issues and results of the use of statistical modeling (one of the types of simulation modeling, the so-called "Monte Carlo" method), to assess the effectiveness of traffic management on the example of the Timofey Charkov st. and Verkhnetarmanskaya st. intersection, located in the city of Tyumen. The results are based on the length of the vehicle queue and traffic delay time for one car in the scenario of widening the intersection’s carriageway and/or the implementation of the adaptive regulation for traffic flows. The calculations were carried out in the "SmartAdaptive+" program developed by the authors, and designed for a technical and economic assessment of the effectiveness of traffic management measures and the use of adaptive regulation and measures to change the road network nodes configuration.

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