Behavior of Carbon Nano-Tubes (CNTs) as Modifier to Resist Aging and Moisture Damage in Asphalt

Background: Moisture damage and aging take place together in asphalt binder as it is on road-pavement in service life and therefore quite difficult to overcome. Various techniques, such as crumb rubber, fibres, etc., have been applied to improve the behaviour of asphalt materials Use of nano materials was found as one of the effective techniques to develop temperature performances of asphalt binder. Methods: This study investigated moisture damage and aging of asphalt binder mixing with the carbon nano tubes (CNTs) using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The base binder was primarily modified with 4% SBS polymer. Later on, CNTs were mixied in different percentages (i.e., 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) by weight with the 4% styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified binders. A special functionalized (-NH3) AFM probe with spring constant 3.44 N/m was utilised to complete the study. Results: The results were compared with 4% SBS modified asphalt with and without CNT addition.The adhesion forces of dry samples were found smaller as compared to wet and aged asphalt samples of with and without CNT. However, the adhesion forces of wet and aged samples with investigated percentage of CNT performed considerably better than those without CNT. Conclusion: This result clearly indicated significant improvement of asphalt to overcome moisture damage and aging owing to exposure in outdoor environment as a paving material. This study recommends any dosage (i.e., 0.5 to 1.5% by weight) of CNT with 4% SBS modified asphalt to resist moisture damage and aging in field.

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Compatibility and Storage Stability of Asphalt Binder Modified by Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Graft Copolymer

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1036.459 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1036 ◽

pp. 459-470

Author(s):

Hong Gang Zhang ◽

Qiang Huai Zhang ◽

Xue Ting Wang ◽

Hua Tan ◽

Li Ning Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triblock Copolymer ◽

Storage Stability ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Solubility Parameters ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Styrene Butadiene Styrene ◽

Styrene Butadiene ◽

Sbs Modified Asphalt ◽

Butadiene Styrene

A styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) was grafted with an unsaturated polar monomer (monomer A) composed of maleic anhydride (MAH) and methoxy polyethylene (MPEG) via a ring-opening reaction after epoxidizing styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (ESBS). The microscopic changes of SBS before and after grafting has been characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results revealed that the monomer A was successfully grafted on SBS backbone, and the maximum graft ratio (GR) was 20.32%. To verify the compatibility between SBS and asphalt, solubility parameters and surface free energy (SFE) of SBS, grafted SBS and asphalt were measured. It was found that the solubility parameter and SFE of grafted SBS were closer to asphalt compared with SBS. It also has been confirmed from storage stability that the temperature susceptibility of grafted SBS modified asphalt was reduced in compare with SBS modified asphalt binder. As consequence, the use of grafted copolymer can be considered a suitable alternative for modification of asphalt binder in pavement.

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Kajian Penambahan RejIRE pada Aspal Modifikasi Crumb Rubber serta Kinerjanya pada Campuran Beraspal Panas

MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL ◽

10.14710/mkts.v24i2.18996 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 148

Author(s):

Sri Mulyani ◽

Nono Nono ◽

Nyoman Suaryana

Keyword(s):

Heavy Traffic ◽

Permanent Deformation ◽

Crumb Rubber ◽

High Viscosity ◽

Asphalt Mixtures ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Low Viscosity ◽

Styrene Butadiene ◽

Sbs Modified Asphalt ◽

Rubber Modification

Asphalt polymer has superior characteristics than conventional asphalt. Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) is a polymer that has proven its performance in heavy traffic, but it must be imported and expensive. Crumb rubber have high potential to be used as an asphalt modifier. Asphalt modified crumb rubber has high viscosity and is not homogeneous, so that the utilization cannot be delayed. This reduces workability in the field. This study aims to obtain asphalt modified crumb rubber which is easier to use by adding materials that do not affect its performance. RejIRE is a low viscosity additive to restore the properties of bitumen on crumb rubber modified. Experiments were carried out by adding variations in RejIRE levels to crumb rubber modified asphalt to determine its characteristics. Continued investigation of the performance of hot paved mixtures for wearing courses compared to asphalt mixtures with Pen 60/70 asphalt and SBS modified asphalt mixtures. The result is the addition of 0.75% RejIRE on asphalt crumb rubber modification have high workability. Overall the performance of the mix with SBS modified asphalt is better, but the mixture of hot paved with modified asphalt crumb rubber has a resistance to permanent deformation superior to the other paved mixtures.

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Evaluation of Rheological and Moisture Damage Properties of Crumb Rubber–Modified Asphalt Binder

Advances in Civil Engineering Materials ◽

10.1520/acem20190045 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 20190045 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dharamveer Singh ◽

Vinamra Mishra ◽

Shashi Bhushan Girimath ◽

Aditya Kumar Das ◽

Bharat Rajan

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Binder ◽

Moisture Damage ◽

Crumb Rubber ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Modified Asphalt Binder

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Effect of Nanoclays on Moisture Susceptibility of SBS-Modified Asphalt Binder

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2020/2074232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Han Wang ◽

Yinchuan Guo ◽

Aiqin Shen ◽

Xiaolong Yang ◽

Peng Li

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Binder ◽

Moisture Susceptibility ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Modified Binders ◽

Modified Asphalt Binder ◽

Water Damage ◽

Styrene Butadiene ◽

Sbs Modified Asphalt

Moisture susceptibility plays an important role in the damage of asphalt pavement. Failure occurs when asphalt is removed from the aggregate particles due to the decreased adhesion between the asphalt and aggregate in comparison with that between water and the aggregate. In recent years, efforts utilizing nanomaterials to improve the diverse properties of asphalt have proven to be effective. In this study, three types of nanoclays were used to modify styrene-butadiene-styrene- (SBS-) modified asphalt. The resistances to water damage of the modified binders were evaluated using the surface free energy (SFE) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results revealed that the total SFE decreased and the energy ratio (ER) increased when the asphalt binder was modified with the nanoclays, indicating that the addition of nanoclays can improve the moisture resistance of these aggregate-binder systems. After immersion, a decreased amount of bee structures was observed in both the SBS and nanoclay-modified asphalts due to the interactions between water and bitumen. However, the residual amount of bee structures was higher in the nanoclay-modified asphalts than in the SBS-modified asphalt, indicating that the addition of nanoclay makes the surface morphology of asphalt more resistant to water damage. Finally, freeze-thaw splitting tests were used to verify the results obtained through the SFE and AFM tests.

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Study on Preparation Process of SBS / Crumb Rubber Composite Modified Asphalt

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.417 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 450-451 ◽

pp. 417-422 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yan Wang ◽

Bo Chuan Zhan ◽

Jian Cheng

Keyword(s):

Crumb Rubber ◽

Preparation Condition ◽

Preparation Process ◽

Preparation Temperature ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Road Pavement ◽

Rubber Composite ◽

Polymer Modified Asphalt ◽

Styrene Butadiene

The incorporation of SBS into crumb rubber modified asphalt is investigated to enhance binder properties and storage stability in this paper. In order to gain the high quality of road pavement asphalt, the preparation process is optimized. The main objective of this study is to enhance the properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt through the addition of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) and analysis the effect of SBS type, preparation temperature and time exert on the properties of SBS /crumb rubber composite modified asphalt. The optimal preparation condition as follow: the swelling temperature for two mixed modifiers: 180 °C, swelling time: 1h; Shearing temperature: 180 °C, shearing time: 1h; Breeding temperature: 170 °C, breeding time: 3h. The results demonstrated that the properties of SBS/crumb rubber composite modified asphalt can meet the requirements of Grade C standard on SBS polymer modified asphalt.

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Performance Test on Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) Modified Asphalt Based on the Different Evaluation Methods

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9030467 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 467 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chen Zhang ◽

Hainian Wang ◽

Zhanping You ◽

Junfeng Gao ◽

Muhammad Irfan

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Penetration Test ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Temperature Performance ◽

The Matrix ◽

Low Temperature Performance ◽

Styrene Butadiene ◽

Sbs Modified Asphalt ◽

Butadiene Styrene

To uniform the evaluation indicators of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) modified asphalt, the SK70# and SK90# matrix asphalt were modified by different SBS modifier dosage in this study. The test methods in China and Superpave were used to test the performance of each SBS-modified asphalt respectively, from which the appropriate evaluation index of SBS-modified asphalt was determined. The results showed that the addition of SBS modifier improved the high temperature performance and lowered the temperature sensitivity of asphalt binder, while it increased the viscosity of asphalt binder in high temperatures. Due to the variability that appeared in the results of the penetration test by the swelling of SBS-modified asphalt, the penetration test was not recommended to evaluate the performances of SBS-modified asphalt. The softening point of SBS-modified asphalt with the modifier dosages of 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% and 6% increased 5.7%, 12.8%, 22.5% and 26.4% respectively compared to the matrix asphalt for SK70# matrix asphalt, and increased 21.2%, 26.3%, 33.6% and 46.6% respectively compared to the matrix asphalt for SK90# matrix asphalt. The effect of SBS-modifier on the softening point of SK90# matrix asphalt is significantly better than that of SK70# matrix asphalt. The improvement effect of SBS modifier on low temperature performance of matrix asphalt decreased with a decrease in test temperature. When studying the influence of the SBS modifier on the low temperature performance of asphalt binder, it was recommended to use the bending beam rheometer (BBR) test to evaluate the low temperature performance of SBS-modified asphalt.

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Material Properties and Environmental Benefits of Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixes Including Local Crumb Rubber Obtained from Scrap Tires

Environments ◽

10.3390/environments8060047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Lim Min Khiong ◽

Md. Safiuddin ◽

Mohammad Abdul Mannan ◽

Resdiansyah

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Binder ◽

Crumb Rubber ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Asphalt Binders ◽

Rubber Content ◽

Scrap Tires ◽

Asphalt Mixes ◽

Temperature Resistance ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Marshall Stability

This paper presents the results of a laboratory-based experimental investigation on the properties of asphalt binder and hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixes modified by locally available crumb rubber, which was used as a partial replacement of asphalt by weight. In this study, fine crumb rubber with a particle size in the range of 0.3–0.6 mm, obtained from scrap tires, was added to the asphalt binder through the wet process. Crumb rubber contents of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 19% by weight of asphalt were added to the virgin binder in order to prepare the modified asphalt binder samples, while the unmodified asphalt binder was used as the control sample. The crumb rubber modified binder samples were examined for measuring viscosity indirectly using the penetration test, and temperature resistance using the softening point test. Later, both the modified and unmodified asphalt binders were used to produce HMA mixes. Two categories of HMA mix commonly used in Malaysia—namely, AC 14 (dense-graded) and SMA 14 (gap-graded)—were produced using the modified asphalt binders containing 5%, 10%, 15%, and 19% crumb rubber. Two AC 14 and SMA 14 control mixes were also produced, incorporating the unmodified asphalt binder (0% crumb rubber). All of the AC 14 and SMA 14 asphalt mixes were examined in order to determine their volumetric properties, such as bulk density, voids in total mix (VTM), voids in mineral aggregate (VMA), and voids filled with asphalt (VFA). In addition, the Marshall stability, Marshall flow, and stiffness of all of the AC 14 and SMA 14 mixes were determined. Test results indicated that the modified asphalt binders possessed higher viscosity and temperature resistance than the unmodified asphalt binder. The viscosity and temperature resistance of the asphalt binders increased with the increase in their crumb rubber content. The increased crumb rubber content also led to improvements in the volumetric properties (bulk density, VTM, VMA, and VFA) of the AC 14 and SMA 14 mixes. In addition, the performance characteristics of the AC 14 and SMA 14 mixes—such as Marshall stability, Marshall flow, and stiffness—increased with the increase in crumb rubber content. However, the AC 14 mixes performed much better than the SMA 14 mixes. The overall research findings suggest that crumb rubber can be used to produce durable and sustainable HMA mixes, with manifold environmental benefits, for use in flexible pavements carrying the heavy traffic load of highways.

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Evaluation of Properties and Micro-Characteristics of Waste Polyurethane/Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Composite Modified Asphalt

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13142249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 2249

Author(s):

Bei Chen ◽

Fuqiang Dong ◽

Xin Yu ◽

Changjiang Zheng

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Performance Test ◽

Permanent Deformation ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Basic Performance ◽

Styrene Butadiene Styrene ◽

Styrene Butadiene ◽

Sbs Modified Asphalt ◽

And Storage ◽

Butadiene Styrene

In order to solve the problems caused by asphalt diseases and prolong the life cycle of asphalt pavement, many studies on the properties of modified asphalt have been conducted, especially polyurethane (PU) modified asphalt. This study is to replace part of the styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modifier with waste polyurethane (WP), for preparing WP/SBS composite modified asphalt, as well as exploring its properties and microstructure. On this basis, this paper studied the basic performance of WP/SBS composite modified asphalt with a conventional performance test, to analyze the high- and low-temperature rheological properties, permanent deformation resistance and storage stability of WP/SBS composite modified asphalt by dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. The microstructure of WP/SBS composite modified asphalt was also observed by fluorescence microscope (FM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as the reaction between WP and asphalt. According to the results of this study, WP can replace SBS as a modifier to prepare WP/SBS composite modified asphalt with good low-temperature resistance, whose high-temperature performance will be lower than that of SBS modified asphalt. After comprehensive consideration, 4% SBS content and 15% WPU content (4 S/15 W) are determined as the suitable types of WPU/SBS composite modified asphalt.

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Effect of Phenolic Resin on the Rheological and Morphological Characteristics of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber-Modified Asphalt

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13245836 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 5836

Author(s):

Peifeng Cheng ◽

Yiming Li ◽

Zhanming Zhang

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Resin ◽

Asphalt Binder ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Chemical System ◽

Temperature Deformation ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Modified Asphalt ◽

Styrene Butadiene ◽

Rheological Performance

To improve the thermal-aging stability and rheological performance of styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR)-modified asphalt, phenolic resin (PF) was introduced in the process of preparing SBR-modified asphalt by melt blending. The effect of PF and SBR on the high and low-temperature rheological performance of the asphalt binder before and after aging was evaluated by a temperature and frequency sweep using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and fluorescence microscopy (FM) were used to further investigate the effect of PF and SBR on the thermal stability and morphological characteristics of the asphalt binder. The results showed that the addition of PF can enhance the high-temperature deformation resistance and short-term aging resistance of SBR-modified asphalt. Moreover, PF and SBR form an embedded network structure within the asphalt binder and alleviate the deterioration of the polymer during the aging process. Compared with SBR-modified asphalt, the chemical system of composite-modified asphalt is more stable, and it can remain stable with an aging time of less than 5 h.

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