scholarly journals Arum conophalloides Aqueous Extract Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat; Histopathological, Biochemical, and mir-122 Assessments

MicroRNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-231
Author(s):  
Amin Derakhshanfar ◽  
Javad Moayedi ◽  
Mahjoob Vahedi ◽  
Abouzar Valizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Potential Hepatotoxicity

Background: Arum conophalloides (A. conophalloides) is a wild edible delicate plant, widely used in traditional medicine. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of A. conophalloides extracts on biochemical, molecular, and histopathological changes in the rat. Methods: Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (10 each) as follows: G1 or control, received distilled water; G2 and G3, treated with the aqueous extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg; G4 and G5, treated with the hydroalcoholic extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. Prior to and at the end of the experiments, the serum levels of biochemistry parameters and the relative expression of miR-122 were assessed. Moreover, the liver and kidney tissues were examined microscopically. Results: Liver and kidney tissues showed normal structure in all groups. There were no significant changes in biochemical indices or the expression of miR-122 in the extract-treated groups at the dose of 200 mg/kg. However, the group that received the aqueous extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg exhibited a significantly lower level of HDL, LDL, ALT, and ALP in comparison to the control. Additionally, miR-122 expression in this group exhibited a 10-fold increase (P=0.009). Conclusion: The serum level of hepatocyte-specific miR-122 will be more helpful in detecting hepatic changes in early stages than ALT and AST activity or histopathological evaluations of liver sections. Our findings highlight the potential hepatotoxicity of A. conophalloides aqueous extract in a rat model.

rhCygb reverses bleomycin-induced established pulmonary fibrosis in rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhen ◽  
Lin Zhongshun ◽  
Wang Ping ◽  
Wenqi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Animal Disease Models ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serial Serum

Abstract PurposeRecombinant human cytoglobin (rhCygb) has been demonstrated to anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-fibrosis in liver and kidney in animal disease models. However, the effect of rhCygb on the progression of pulmonary fibrosis is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of rhCygb in the bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis rats.MethodsWe tested whether rhCygb would reverse lung fibrosis (at day 28 and 56) in Sprague-Dawley rats treated with bleomycin. Bleomycin (5mg/kg) resulted in fibrosis by CT and serum measurement at day 7. Effects of rhCygb treatment on morphological and CT imaging of the lung, as well as serial serum levels of biomarkers with progressive lung fibrosis were tested at day 28 and 56.ResultsIn BLM-treated rats (7 days), the well-established lung fibrosis was evidence by changes in rat lungs with CT images and serum levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), procollagen III N-terminal peptide (PIIINP) and type IV collagen (IVC).After treatment with rhCygb for 49 days, we found significantly decreasing in HA, LN, PIIINP and IVC levels almost to controls. Hydroxyproline (HYP) , CT mean lung density（MLD）and Masson collage volume fraction (CVF) were also significantly reduced. Furthermore, CT MLD positively correlated with serum levels of HA, LN, PIIINP, IVC, and HYP, and especially with CVF.ConclusionrhCygb may be a new potential medicine for reversing lung fibrosis in the future.

scholarly journals Chilean Strawberry Consumption Protects against LPS-Induced Liver Injury by Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Capability in Sprague-Dawley Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Molinett ◽  
Francisca Nuñez ◽  
María Alejandra Moya-León ◽  
Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The Chilean strawberry fruit has high content of antioxidants and polyphenols. Previous studies evidenced antioxidant properties byin vitromethods. However, the antioxidant effect and its impact as functional food on animal health have not been evaluated. In this study, rats were fed with a Chilean strawberry aqueous extract (4 g/kg of animal per day) and then subjected to LPS-induced liver injury (5 mg/kg). Transaminases and histological studies revealed a reduction in liver injury in rats fed with strawberry aqueous extract compared with the control group. Additionally, white strawberry supplementation significantly reduced the serum levels and gene expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1βcytokines compared with nonsupplemented rats. The level of F2-isoprostanes and GSH/GSSG indicated a reduction in liver oxidative stress by the consumption of strawberry aqueous extract. Altogether, the evidence suggests that dietary supplementation of rats with a Chilean white strawberry aqueous extract favours the normalization of oxidative and inflammatory responses after a liver injury induced by LPS.

scholarly journals Isoelectric focusing of glutathione S-transferases from rat liver and kidney

1978 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara F. Hales ◽  
Valerie Jaeger ◽  
Allen H. Neims
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Substrate Specificities ◽  
Liver Cytosol ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Isoelectric Points ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

The glutathione S-transferases that were purified to homogeneity from liver cytosol have overlapping but distinct substrate specificities and different isoelectric points. This report explores the possibility of using preparative electrofocusing to compare the composition of the transferases in liver and kidney cytosol. Hepatic cytosol from adult male Sprague–Dawley rats was resolved by isoelectric focusing on Sephadex columns into five peaks of transferase activity, each with characteristic substrate specificity. The first four peaks of transferase activity (in order of decreasing basicity) are identified as transferases AA, B, A and C respectively, on the basis of substrate specificity, but the fifth peak (pI6.6) does not correspond to a previously described transferase. Isoelectric focusing of renal cytosol resolves only three major peaks of transferase activity, each with narrow substrate specificity. In the kidney, peak 1 (pI9.0) has most of the activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, peak 2 (pI8.5) toward p-nitrobenzyl chloride, and peak 3 (pI7.0) toward trans-4-phenylbut-3-en-2-one. Renal transferase peak 1 (pI9.0) appears to correspond to transferase B on the basis of pI, substrate specificity and antigenicity. Kidney transferase peaks 2 (pI8.5) and 3 (pI7.0) do not correspond to previously described glutathione S-transferases, although kidney transferase peak 3 is similar to the transferase peak 5 from focused hepatic cytosol. Transferases A and C were not found in kidney cytosol, and transferase AA was detected in only one out of six replicates. Thus it is important to recognize the contribution of individual transferases to total transferase activity in that each transferase may be regulated independently.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity Study of Standardized Mitragyna speciosa Korth Aqueous Extract in Sprague Dawley Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Saleh Ahmad Kamal ◽  
Ahmad Rohi Ghazali ◽  
Noral ‘Ashikin Yahya ◽  
Mohd Isa Wasiman ◽  
Zakiah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

CHANGES IN SERUM LEVELS OF FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE SHORTLY BEFORE AND AFTER PARTURITION IN RATS

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Mori ◽  
Hiroshi Nagasawa ◽  
Reiko Yanai ◽  
Junji Masaki
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Appreciable Change ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Average Serum ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT The sequence of changes in the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from 2 days before to 24 h after parturition of primiparous Sprague-Dawley rats was investigated by radioimmunoassay. No appreciable change in average serum FSH levels was observed during 2 days before and 1 h after parturition. After this the levels increased gradually to show a peak at 7 h after parturition and then declined gradually until 24 h after parturition. However, the level at 24 h after parturition was still twice as high as that at parturition (0 h). The average serum LH levels which were low between 2 days before and 1 h after parturition, showed a peak at 7 h and decreased toward 13 h after parturition. The same levels as at parturition were maintained between 13 and 24 h after parturition. The time of surge of either FSH or LH was closely related to the time after parturition. There were some differences between FSH and LH in the patterns of sequence of changes in the serum levels near parturition.

Cinnamomum cassia ameliorates Ni-NPs-induced liver and kidney damage in male Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1565-1581
Author(s):  
S Iqbal ◽  
F Jabeen ◽  
C Peng ◽  
MU Ijaz ◽  
AS Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Preliminary Information ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Altered Blood ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses

Nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs) have been widely used in various industries related to electronics, ceramics, textiles, and nanomedicine. Ambient and occupational exposure to Ni-NPs may bring about potential detrimental effects on animals and humans. Thus, there is a growing effort to identify compounds that can ameliorate NPs-associated pathophysiologies. The present study examined Cinnamomum cassia ( C. cassia) bark extracts (CMBE) for its ameliorative activity against Ni-NPs-induced pathophysiological and histopathological alterations in male Sprague Dawley rats. The biochemical analyses revealed that dosing rats with Ni-NPs at 10 mg/kg/body weight (b.w.) significantly altered the normal structural and biochemical adaptations in the liver and kidney. Conversely, supplementations with CMBE at different doses (225, 200, and 175 mg/kg/b.w. of rat) ameliorated the altered blood biochemistry and reduced the biomarkers of liver and kidney function considerably ( p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. However, the best results were at 225 mg/kg/b.w. of rat. The study provided preliminary information about the protective effect of C. cassia against Ni-NPs indicated liver and kidney damages. Future investigations are needed to explore C. cassia mechanism of action and isolation of single constituents of C. cassia to assess their pharmaceutical importance accordingly.

scholarly journals Anti-infertility significance of aqueous extract of I pomoea batatas (L.) Lam. against exposure of bisphenol A (BPA) promoted testicular toxicity in male Sprague Dawley rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
Rajendran Revathy ◽  
Kulanthaivel Langeswaran ◽  
Subbaraj Gowtham kumar ◽  
Shanmugam Vijayaprakash ◽  
Peranandam Tamilselvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Uterine Morphology and Expression of Oestrogen Receptors in Ovariectomised Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulan Ma ◽  
Dongju Li ◽  
Yi Feng ◽  
Jianwei Jiang ◽  
Bo Shen
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Receptors ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Unique Effect

Aim To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on uterine morphology and expression of oestrogen receptor (ER) α and β in ovariectomised (OVX) rats. Methods Thirty female Sprague-Dawley rats with regular 4-day oestrus cycles were divided into a sham operation group (Control, n=10) and two OVX groups that remained untreated (OVX group, n=10) or received EA treatment (OVX+EA group, n=10). In the latter group, EA was applied at CV4, CV3, SP6 and bilateral Zigong (30 min per day) for 3 days. The effects of EA on uterine morphology were observed by H&E staining. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to measure ERα and ERβ mRNA and protein expression, respectively. Results Relative to the (untreated) OVX group, EA treatment significantly increased the uterine wet weight to body weight (UWW/BW) ratio (0.47±0.04 vs 0.31±0.03 g/kg, p=0.04), and myometrial thickness (109.39±10.71 vs 60.81±8.1 μm, p=0.016) of OVX rats. Similarly, the total number of endometrial glands per cross section and endometrial thickness in the OVX +EA group was significantly increased compared to the (untreated) OVX group. EA treatment also increased protein (but not mRNA) expression of both ERα and ERβ in the uteri of OVX rats. Conclusions This study has demonstrated that EA treatment decreases uterine atrophy in OVX rats. This unique effect of EA on the uterus may be due to upregulation of serum levels of E2 and differential regulation of sex steroid receptors ERα and ERβ.

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