Nigella sativa Seed Protects Against Cadmium-induced Renal Toxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Ikenna Kingsley Uchendu ◽  
Henshaw Uchechi Okoroiwu
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oral Group ◽  
Nigella Sativa Seed

Background: Prevalence of chemical-induced renal injuries has been on a fast rise over the years and has become the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the society, with environmental pollutants, heavy metals inclusive, seen as the causal agents. Recently, the role of medicinal foods in human health has gained considerable attention. Objective: We investigated the protective effects of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa (MENS) (Black seed) against cadmium-induced renal toxicity in albino rats. Methods: Twenty-five (25) male albino rats, weighing (150-170g), were randomly grouped into five groups: A-E. Group B (Negative Control) received intraperitoneal administration of cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 5mg/kg) only, group C received CdCl2 and low dose MENS (300mg/kg, oral), group D received CdCl2 and high dose MENS (600mg/kg, oral), group E (Positive control) received CdCl2 and Vitamin C (200mg/kg, oral), for 7 days. No treatment was administered to group A (Normal control). Renal injury was assessed by measuring serum levels of Na+, K+, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) using standard methods. The kidneys were harvested for histopathological examination. Results: CdCl2 induced significant nephrotoxicity with marked elevation in the levels of biochemical markers of renal functions (p<0.05 or p<0.01); these were, however, ameliorated by a low dose of MENS. Histopathological examination of the kidney sections supported the biochemical findings. Conclusion: We conclude that Nigella sativa seed extract, at a low dose, is potentially nephroprotective against harmful chemical toxins such as cadmium.

scholarly journals Nigella sativa seed extract protects against cadmium-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
Ikenna Kingsley Uchendu ◽  
Ebuka Bitrus Nnedu ◽  
Ifeoma Blessing Ekeigwe
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oral Group ◽  
Nigella Sativa Seed

Objective:  The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa (MENS) (Black seed) against cardiotoxicity of cadmium in albino rats.  Methods: Twenty five (25) male albino rats, weighing (150-170g), were randomly grouped into five groups: A-E. Group B (Negative Control) received intraperitoneal administration of cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 5mg/kg) only, group C received CdCl2 and low dose MENS (300mg/kg, oral), group D received CdCl2 and high dose MENS (600mg/kg, oral), group E (Positive control) received CdCl2 and Vitamin C (200mg/kg, oral), for 7 days. No treatment was administered to group A (Normal control). Cardiac injury was assessed by measuring serum levels of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine kinase (CK-MB) using standard methods. The heart was harvested for histopathological examination. Results: CdCl2 induced significant cardiotoxicity with marked elevation in the levels of biochemical markers of cardiac functions (p<0.05 or p<0.01); these were however attenuated by MENS. Histopathological examination of the heart sections supported the biochemical findings. Conclusion: Nigella sativa seed extract is potentially cardioprotective against harmful chemical toxins such as cadmium. Keywords: Cadmium, CdCl2, Nigella sativa, Medicinal food, cardiotoxicity

scholarly journals Protection of histomorphology of vital organs by methanolic seed extract of Nigella sativa against cadmium-induced tissue injuries in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-S) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Emeka Cyprian Oguji ◽  
Chibueze Joseph Obigeorge ◽  
Johnson Obiechina Omeh ◽  
Amechi Jnr. Odeku ◽  
Tachia Jaclyn Wanger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity

Background: Chemical-induced organ injuries have been on a fast rise for decades and these injuries have become common causes of mortality and morbidity in the society. Edible plant materials with medicinal properties have been used for treating various diseases for many centuries in folk medicine. Recently, the role of food or medicinal plants in human health has received considerable attention. Traditional uses of N. sativa seed range from soothing wounds to remedying cough, eczema, diabetes, inflammation of the bronchi and tooth aches; and these point to substantial tissue effects. Objective: We investigated the protective effects of methanolic seed extract of Nigella sativa (MENS) against cadmium-induced histomorphological alterations in heart, kidney and liver tissues of albino rats. Methods: Twenty five (25) male albino rats, weighing (200±20g), were randomly grouped into five groups: A, B, C, D, and E. Group B (Negative Control) received intraperitoneal administration of cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 5mg/kg) only, group C received CdCl2 and low dose MENS (300mg/kg, oral), group D received CdCl2 and high dose MENS (600mg/kg, oral), and group E (Positive control) received CdCl2 and Vitamin C (200mg/kg, oral), for 14 days. Group A (Normal control) received no administration. Heart, kidney and liver were harvested for histopathological analyses. Results: Cadmium (CdCl2) induced significant histomorphological changes in the studied organs, and the heart was the most damaged of all the organs studied; however a significantly ameliorative effect by methanolic seed extracts was observed. Conclusion: Nigella sativa seed extract is potentially tissue-protective against harmful chemical toxins like cadmium.  

scholarly journals Ameliorative effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Nigella sativa seed against CCl4-induced acute liver injury in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikenna Kingsley Uchendu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Objective:  The aim of this study is to investigate the ameliorative effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa (HANS) against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Methods: Twenty five (25) albino rats, with average weight (105±5g), were randomly grouped into five groups: A-E, of five (5) rats per group. Group A rats served as normal control, Group B (Negative Control) received intraperitoneal administration of carbon tetrachloride CCl₄ (0.4ml/kg, i.p.) only, Group C received CCl₄ and low dose HANS (400mg/kg, oral), Group D received CCl₄ and high dose HANS (800mg/kg, oral), and Group E (Positive control), received CCl₄ and Vitamin C (200mg/kg, oral), for 3 days. Hepatotoxicity was assessed by measuring serum levels of total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) using standard methods.  Histopathological analysis of the liver was also carried out. Results: The extracts significantly stablized biochemical markers of hepatic injury, and preserved the histoarchitecture of the liver tissues against CCl4 damage. The protective effect was not dose-dependent, as low dose HANS (400mg/kg), showed better protection than the high dose HANS (800mg/kg). Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extracts of Nigella sativa has antihepatotoxic effects. Keywords: carbon tetrachloride, hepatotoxicity, medicinal plants, Nigella sativa, hydroalcoholic extract

scholarly journals Newly Developed Recombinant Antithrombin Protects the Endothelial Glycocalyx in an Endotoxin-Induced Rat Model of Sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Iba ◽  
Jerrold H. Levy ◽  
Koichiro Aihara ◽  
Katsuhiko Kadota ◽  
Hiroshi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
High Dose Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Circulating Levels

(1) Background: The endothelial glycocalyx is a primary target during the early phase of sepsis. We previously reported a newly developed recombinant non-fucosylated antithrombin has protective effects in vitro. We further evaluated the effects of this recombinant antithrombin on the glycocalyx damage in an animal model of sepsis. (2) Methods: Following endotoxin injection, in Wistar rats, circulating levels of hyaluronan, syndecan-1 and other biomarkers were evaluated in low-dose or high-dose recombinant antithrombin-treated animals and a control group (n = 7 per group). Leukocyte adhesion and blood flow were evaluated with intravital microscopy. The glycocalyx was also examined using side-stream dark-field imaging. (3) Results: The activation of coagulation was inhibited by recombinant antithrombin, leukocyte adhesion was significantly decreased, and flow was better maintained in the high-dose group (both p < 0.05). Circulating levels of syndecan-1 (p < 0.01, high-dose group) and hyaluronan (p < 0.05, low-dose group; p < 0.01, high-dose group) were significantly reduced by recombinant antithrombin treatment. Increases in lactate and decreases in albumin levels were significantly attenuated in the high-dose group (p < 0.05, respectively). The glycocalyx thickness was reduced over time in control animals, but the derangement was attenuated and microvascular perfusion was better maintained in the high-dose group recombinant antithrombin group (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Recombinant antithrombin maintained vascular integrity and the microcirculation by preserving the glycocalyx in this sepsis model, effects that were more prominent with high-dose therapy.

Hepatotoxic effects of chloroform extract of Artemisia macivera Linn in rats following intraperitoneal administration of different subchronic doses

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
SE Atawodi ◽  
AC Ene ◽  
DA Ameh
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury

The possible hepatotoxic effects of chloroform extract of Artemisia maciverae was evaluated biochemically and histologically using male Swiss albino rats, randomly assigned into four groups of 24 animals each. The groups (control, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) were treated for 60 days and then monitored for another 30 days before sacrifice. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin (total and direct), total protein and albumin were assessed colorimetrically, while tissue specimens were subjected to histological examination following standard hematoxyline-eosin staining techniques. After 1 week of treatment, the extract caused statistically significant elevation in levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin (total and direct), while there was significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the levels of serum total protein and albumin at the onset of treatment when compared with the control. These abnormalities in the levels of serum biochemical parameters were spontaneously corrected within 2 weeks of treatment. Similarly, histological assessment showed severe hepatic tissue injuries after 1 week, but these organs recovered spontaneously by the second week of treatment. The results indicate that long-term exposure to therapeutic doses of chloroform extract of A maciverae is relatively safe, but high dose exposure may result in hepatocellular injury.

scholarly journals Effect of Nigella sativa against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amnah M.A. Alsuhaibani
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nigella Sativa Oil ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Nigella Sativa Seed

In this study, the gross composition and mineral content of Nigella sativa seed powder (NSP) and fatty acid composition of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) were investigated. The ability of NSP, extract (NSE) and NSO in reducing the effects of cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats were examined. The obtained results showed that NSP contains high amounts of carbohydrates, protein, and fiber while NSO has higher amounts of linoleicacid, oleic acid, and myristic acid. Rats treated with NSP, NSO, and NSE exhibitedreducedserum levels of urea, creatinine, and potassium, and a significant increase of Na, Na/K, vitamin D, nutritional markers, and antioxidant enzymes compared to the cisplatin-induced renal toxicity group receiving no Nigella sativa seed treatment. This study determined that all powder, oil, and extracts of N. sativa contain potent bioactive components that may aid in treatment against cisplatininduced renal toxicity in rats.

Protective Effects of Hypericum perforatum and Quercetin in a Rat Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury of Testes

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 096-100
Author(s):  
Leyla Tekin ◽  
Mehmet Erdemli ◽  
Nazile Erturk ◽  
Zeynep Aksungur ◽  
Serdar Aktas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Purpose This study aimed to compare the protective effects of Hypericum perforatum (Hp) and quercetin, a flavonoid, against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat testes. Materials and Methods This study included 28 male Wistar albino rats that were divided into four groups. Except for the sham group, torsion was created by rotating both testes at an angle of 720 degrees clockwise for 2 hours. The Hp and quercetin groups received 25 mg/kg Hp and quercetin intraperitoneally 30 minutes before detorsion, respectively. Orchiectomy was performed for the measurement of markers of oxidative stress and histopathological examination. Results In the Hp and quercetin groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and total oxidant capacity were significantly lower, the glutathione level and total antioxidant status were significantly higher, and Johnsen's testis biopsy scores were significantly higher than in the torsion/detorsion group (p ˂ 0.001). The markers of oxidative injury were significantly lower (p ˂ 0.001) and total antioxidant status was significantly higher (p ˂ 0.001), except for glutathione (p = 0.62) in the Hp group than in the quercetin group. Johnsen's score between Hp and quercetin groups was not significantly different (p = 0.80). Conclusion Both Hp and quercetin have protective effects against I/R injury of the testes, but the protective effect of Hp was found to be stronger than that of quercetin.

Rhizophora Mucronata Lam. (Mangrove) Bark Extract Prevents Ethanol-induced Liver Injury, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Swiss Albino Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitra Jairaman ◽  
Sabine Matou-Nasri ◽  
Zeyad I Alehaideb ◽  
Syed Ali Mohamed Yacoob ◽  
Anuradha Venkataraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Ethanol Intoxication ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects

Abstract The bark extract of Rhizophora mucronata (BERM) was recently reported for its prominent in vitro protective effects against liver cell line toxicity caused by various toxicants, including ethanol. Here, we aimed to verify the in vivo hepatoprotective effects of BERM against ethanol intoxication. An oral administration of different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of BERM prior to high-dose ethanol via intraperitoneal injection was performed in mice. On the 7th day, liver and kidney sections were dissected out for histopathological examination. The ethanol intoxication caused large areas of liver necrosis while the kidneys were not affected. Pre-BERM administration decreased ethanol-induced liver injury, as compared to the mice treated with ethanol alone. In addition, the pre-BERM administration resulted in a decrement in the level of ethanol-induced oxidative stress, revealed by a concomitant increase of GSH and a decrease of MDA hepatic levels. The BERM extract also reversed the ethanol-induced liver injury and hepatotoxicity, characterized by the low detection of TNF-α gene expression level and fragmented DNA, respectively. Altogether, BERM extract exerts antioxidative activities and present promising hepatoprotective effects against ethanol intoxication. The identification of the related bioactive compounds will be of interest for future use at physiological concentrations in ethanol-intoxicated individuals.

Abstract 528: Dose- And Salt-dependency Of Angiogenesis Inhibition-induced Blood Pressure Rise And Renal Toxicity

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Lankhorst ◽  
Mariëtte H Kappers ◽  
Stefan Sleijfer ◽  
A H Danser ◽  
Anton H van den Meiracker
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Angiogenesis Inhibition ◽  
Cystatine C

Angiogenesis inhibition with the VEGF inhibitor sunitinib is an established anti-cancer therapy, inducing hypertension and nephrotoxicity. We explored the dose- and salt-dependency of these side effects. In male WKY rats, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was monitored telemetrically during oral treatment with a high (27.5 mg/kg.day, n=14), an intermediate (14 mg/kg.day, n=6) and low dose (7 mg/kg.day, n=6) of sunitinib or vehicle (n=8) after normal salt diet for 2 weeks. The low dose-model was also combined with a high salt diet (8% NaCl and saline water). Eight days after administration rats were sacrificed and blood and 24h urine samples collected for biochemical measurements. With the high dose of sunitinib, MAP increased from 94.7±0.9 mmHg to 125.8±1.5 mmHg (Δ31.1±0.9 mmHg, p<0.001). The intermediate and low doses induced MAP rises of 24.3±2.7 mmHg (p<0.001) and 13.4±3.3 mmHg (p<0.001), respectively. The low dose of sunitinib with high salt, induced a MAP rise of 43.5±2.2 mmHg (p<0.001 compared to normal salt). With the high dose, circulating ET-1 increased from 0.6±0.1 pg/ml to 1.6±0.2 pg/ml (p<0.01) and serum cystatine-C from 4.5±0.1 mg/L to 6.6±0.3 mg/L (p<0.001). Comparable increases in circulating ET-1 were seen with the intermediate and low doses, whereas serum cystatine-C did increase with the intermediate dose (to 6.3±0.1 mg/L, p0.05). Serum cystatine-C levels with low and high salt were identical. With the high dose of sunitinib, proteinuria increased from 7.5±1.3 to 33.3±4.8 mg/day (p<0.05). The rise in proteinuria was attenuated with the intermediate (16.2±2.1 mg/day, p<0.01) and low dose (19.9±3.3 mg/day, p<0.01), but increased to 40.4±30.1 mg/day (p>0.05) with high salt. Angiogenesis inhibition-induced hypertension and nephrotoxicity are dose-dependent with a lower threshold for the rise in BP than for renal toxicity. The BP rise observed with the low dose of sunitinib observed in normotensive rats is comparable to the sunitinib-induced BP rise observed in patients and clearly is salt-sensitive. Since cystatine-C levels during normal and high salt diet were comparable, the BP rise during high salt seems independent of renal dysfunction.

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