Performance Analysis and Cavitation Prediction of Centrifugal Pump Using Various Working Fluids

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atiq Ur Rehman ◽  
Akshoy Ranjan Paul ◽  
Anuj Jain
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Suction Side ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Working Fluids

Background: The application of centrifugal pumps is found in domestic and petrochemical industries. Industrial centrifugal pumps are designed and tested using water as working fluid before supplied to industries, as water is commonly available. However, centrifugal pumps are used in industries for various applications, which involve the handling of fluids other than water- like saline-water, crude oil, gasoline, etc. Consequently, hydraulic performance of the pump differs from the designed and tested values and pump performance becomes unpredictable. Cavitation characteristics of the pump handling different fluids other than water are also changed and many a time, cavitation starts prematurely. As a result, the operating cost of pump is increased. Objective: A CFD based computational analysis of a single-stage, single-entry industrial centrifugal pump having double-volute casing is carried out to compare the performance and cavitation characteristics for various working fluids, namely water, saline water with varying salinity, gasolene and crude oil. Methods: Multiple Reference Frame method (MRF) available in Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations based CFD solver Ansys-CFX is used in the present study. CFD simulation is carried out for five flow rates with Standard k-ε turbulence model. Rayleigh-Plesset equation describing the growth of a single vapor bubble in a liquid is used for predicting the cavitation flow behaviour. Results: Minimum static pressure is computed at the suction side of saline water as compared to the other working fluids studied here. Hydraulic efficiency of crude oil is found to be the lowest as compared to other fluids. Supercavitation (excessive formation of vapor bubbles and sudden drop in head up to 3%) starts early for saline water with 40g/kg salinity. Conclusion: The results show little variation in pump efficiency when water and saline water are used as working fluids. However, cavitation characteristics differ considerably with the working fluids. Recent patents filed/published in this area revealed that efforts are needed to develop effective cavitationresistant centrifugal impellers and pumps.

scholarly journals Design and Optimization of a Centrifugal Pump for Slurry Transport Using the Response Surface Method

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Khaled Alawadhi ◽  
Bashar Alzuwayer ◽  
Tareq Ali Mohammad ◽  
Mohammad H. Buhemdi
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Geometry Characteristic ◽  
Line Design

Since centrifugal pumps consume a mammoth amount of energy in various industrial applications, their design and optimization are highly relevant to saving maximum energy and increasing the system’s efficiency. In the current investigation, a centrifugal pump has been designed and optimized. The study has been carried out for the specific application of transportation of slurry at a flow rate of 120 m3/hr to a head of 20 m. For the optimization process, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) and response surface methodology (RSM) have been employed. The process is based on the mean line design of the pump. It utilizes six geometric parameters as design variables, i.e., number of vanes, inlet beta shroud, exit beta shroud, hub inlet blade draft, Rake angle, and the impeller’s rotational speed. The objective functions employed are pump power, hydraulic efficiency, volumetric efficiency, and pump efficiency. In this reference, five different software packages, i.e., ANSYS Vista, ANSYS DesignModeler, response surface optimization software, and ANSYS CFX, were coupled to achieve the optimized design of the pump geometry. Characteristic maps were generated using simulations conducted for 45 points. Additionally, erosion rate was predicted using 3-D numerical simulations under various conditions. Finally, the transient behavior of the pump, being the highlight of the study, was evaluated. Results suggest that the maximum fluctuation in the local pressure and stresses on the cases correspond to a phase angle of 0°–30° of the casing that in turn corresponds to the maximum erosion rates in the region.

Study on the Reduction of Pressure Fluctuation for a Double-Suction Centrifugal Pump With Staggered Blades

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian-qian Li ◽  
Da-zhuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Pressure Fluctuation ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Centrifugal Impeller ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Vibration Performance

Due to the distinctive characteristic of massive flow rates, double-suction centrifugal pump has been extensively applied in lots of perspectives, such as drainage, irrigation, transportation projects and other hydraulic engineering realms. Nevertheless, the significance of the pressure fluctuation inside the double-suction centrifugal pump, which is getting more and more prominent under the soaring demands for low noise and comfortable living environment, could not be underestimated. Consequently, how to reduce the pressure fluctuation as far as possible and enhance the running stability of the pump is always the research hotspot. In this study, the double-suction centrifugal impeller with abominable vibration performance is redesigned to improve the internal flow and reduce the flow-induced noise. What’s addition, the two redesigned impellers wearing splitter blades were compared in staggered arrangement with different angles for the purpose of ulteriorly decreasing the pressure fluctuation. On the basis of Realizable k-ε model and SIMPLEC algorithm, the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS) were resolved by means of CFD simulation and the flow performance and the vibration performance were validated with the experiments. The results illustrate that the redesigned impeller with multi-blade could raise the hydraulic performance and reduce the pressure fluctuation inside the pump. When the impeller of each side was laid with the staggered angle of 12 degrees, the pressure distribution tended to be more uniform and the pressure fluctuation was well ameliorated. Through the pressure fluctuation analysis in time domain and frequency domain, the pressure change inside the pumps could be evaluated quantitatively and accurately, hence different pumps could be contrasted in detail. The consequences of this paper could provide reference for pressure fluctuation reduction and vibration performance reinforcement of double-suction centrifugal pumps as well as other vane pumps.

Comparison of Inlet Curved Disk Arrangements for Suppression of Recirculation in Centrifugal Pump Impellers

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munther Y. Hermez ◽  
Badih A. Jawad ◽  
Liping Liu ◽  
Vernon Fernandez ◽  
Kingman Yee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Unstable Flow ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Flow Recirculation ◽  
Flow Field Characteristics

The present work aims to numerically study the inlet flow recirculation and modified impeller interaction in a centrifugal pump. An optimization of modified shrouded impeller with curved disk arrangement to suppress the unsteady flow recirculation is pursued. This modification will enhance the impeller characteristics with a wider operation range at both low and high flow rates in a high speed centrifugal pump type. The unstable flow in the centrifugal pumps is a common problem that leads to damage in the pump’s internal parts, consequently increases the operating cost. At certain flow rates, generally below the Best Efficiency Point (BEP), all centrifugal pumps are subject to internal recirculation occurs at the suction and discharge areas of the impeller. For decades, experimental work has been done to investigate the complex three-dimensional flow within centrifugal pumps impellers, before computational work gains momentum due to advancement of computing power and improved numerical codes. In this study the impeller with a curved disk arrangement has been investigated by using a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes code with a standard k-ε turbulence model. The purpose is to evaluate and select the optimum impeller modification that would increase the pump suction flow rate range. Three-dimensional numerical Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools are used to simulate flow field characteristics inside the centrifugal pump and provide critical hydraulic design information. In the present work, ANSYS v.16.1 Fluent solver is used to analyze the pressure and velocity distributions inside impeller suction and discharge passages. The ultimate goal of this study is to manufacture and validate the most optimized and efficient centrifugal pump impeller with a curved disk. The best case curve identifies the highest increase of total pressure difference by 22.1%, and highest efficiency by 92.3% at low flowrates.

An Optimization Design of the Auxiliary Impeller of Centrifugal Pumps Based on Orthogonal Methods

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianping Yuan ◽  
Rong Jin ◽  
Shujuan Li ◽  
Longyan Wang ◽  
Aixiang Ge
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Blade Number ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Axial Clearance ◽  
Sealing Pressure ◽  
Orthogonal Tests

In order to research the influence laws of the main geometrical parameters of auxiliary impeller and different operation conditions on the centrifugal pump with an auxiliary impeller, which aimed to act as dynamic seal, the orthogonal experiment was designed with four factors and three values. The factors respectively are auxiliary impeller axial clearance, blade width, outlet diameter and blade number. With simulation by Fluent, major and minor factors were investigated which influence the performance of the centrifugal pump with an auxiliary impeller. The cases with optimization sealing pressure value and optimization efficiency were obtained and it was proved by the experimental results. Then, two optimization cases and the original case were simulated and analyzed. The research results show that the major factor of auxiliary impellers for the pump efficiency is the outlet diameter. For sealing pressure head of auxiliary impellers, the major factor is the outlet diameter of auxiliary impeller and the axial clearance and blade number of the auxiliary impeller are secondary important factors. For the optimization of centrifugal pumps with an auxiliary impeller, numerical orthogonal tests can replace actual orthogonal tests.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Head Loss of Two Centrifugal Pumps in a Fluid Test Laboratory

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ridho Choirul Anam ◽  
Edi Widodo ◽  
Iswanto ◽  
A’rasy Fahruddin
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Pump Test ◽  
Valve Opening

The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the two centrifugal pumps using the same circuit and to obtain the resulting value, namely head, discharge, pump power, efficiency of the two pumps. And variations in valve opening settings used are full valve openings, valve openings 2/3, and valve openings 1/3 which have different coefficients at each valve opening. This research method was carried out experimentally. The fluid used is water, fluid pressure measurement using a pressure gauge to measure the pressure side (discharge) and a vacuum pressure gauge to measure the pressure which is relatively lower than the atmospheric pressure for the pump on the suction side (suction) and using a flow meter to determine the volume or discharge water used. The results of this centrifugal pump test equipment research found that the working pump shows that the resulting discharge affects the head value, pump power, and pump efficiency obtained, the higher the total head value, the smaller the resulting discharge. However, this centrifugal pump test equipment can be used for fluid practicum activities in the mechanical engineering department in the mechanical laboratory.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Pumping Capacity of Centrifugal Pumps Based on System Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 347 ◽  
pp. 00024
Author(s):  
Motsi Ephrey Matlakala ◽  
Daramy Vandi Von Kallon
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Pump Operation ◽  
Head Losses ◽  
Pumping System

The pumping capacity is the maximum flow rate through a pump at its design capacity. In the process of pumping water and other fluids, pumping capacity is required to accurately size pumping systems, determine friction head losses, construct a system curve and select a pump and motor. Failure to choose the right pump size for pumping system, improper installation and pump operation results into higher consumption of energy. The insufficient pumping capacity affects the plant’s operations such as maintenance cost, downtime, loss of production and increase in operating cost. In this study variation of the impeller diameter is used to calculate the new pump curve to improve the pumping capacity. The pumping system is analysed to determine the pumping capacity of the pump. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations are carried out to determine the performance of the pump and analyses the pumping system to achieve the pumping capacity. Results show that enhanced pumping capacity is achieved at a given impeller design with a specific shift in the pump curve. It is recommended that the pumping capacity can be optimized through trimming of impeller. Trimming of the impeller improves pump efficiency and increases the performance of the pump. In addition, the pumping capacity can also be optimized through the system analysis by adjusting the diameter of the pipes and throttling of the valves. Optimization of the pumping capacity helps with running the pumping system efficiently.

Flow Measurements in a Transparent Centrifugal Pump by Using 3-D PIV Technique

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Yang ◽  
Ji-ren Zhou ◽  
Fang-ping Tang ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Hao-ran Xu
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Suction Side ◽  
Flow Fields ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Pressure Side ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Piv Measurement ◽  
Component Velocity

With the development of laser measurement technique, LDV (Laser Doppler Velocimeter) and PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) have been widely used to measure the flow fields. Comparison with LDV, PIV is a multiple point measurement technique and the flow fields can be measured convenient. Nowadays, 2-D (two Dimensional) PIV have been used to investigate the flow fields in the centrifugal pump, while 3-D (three Dimensional) PIV is seldom to be used. The reason is that the calibration for 3-D PIV in a small space of centrifugal pumps in very difficult. In this paper, a special water tank was used for 3-D PIV calibration in rotation impeller. The 3-D transient relative velocity in one impeller passage at three axial sections were obtained, when the pump run under the design flow rate. The radial component velocity Wr showed a concave distribution except R = 45 mm. With the increase of radius, the circumference location of minimum Wr moved from the pressure side to the suction side and the tangential component velocity Wθ on the suction side decreases, while on the pressure side increases gradually. The PIV measurement error was investigated based on the mass conservation equation. The maximum error of the PIV measurement was 3.14%, it showed that the test results have higher accuracy and the measured data was reliable.

Design and Analysis of Airfoil-Shaped Impeller Blades of Centrifugal Pump

2016 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 539-544
Author(s):  
Parth Shah ◽  
M. Ashwin Ganesh ◽  
Thundil Kuruppa Raj
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Suction Side ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Outlet Pressure ◽  
Shear Stress Transport Model ◽  
Centrifugal Pump Impeller

This paper deals with a comparative study of the outlet pressure-energy between a conventional and normal blade impeller and an airfoil-shaped blade impeller of a centrifugal pump. Although the volute casing is an important component along with an impeller [1], the present comparative analysis makes the volute casing redundant to the study, hence neglected. All centrifugal pumps are usually designed and manufactured using backward swept blades with equal camber on the top and bottom sides. An increased camber on the top side is an ideal trait for a lift generating airfoil. The purpose is to implement the principle of lift generation of airfoil for centrifugal pumps. As a result, a local suction side and pressure side can be visualized using CFX-post processor. The 3D analysis of such a centrifugal pump impeller is designed in SOLIDWORKS® and analyzed using ANSYS® CFX. The SST (Menter’s Shear Stress Transport) model is used as it combines both the k-ω and k-ε turbulence models.

Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Phenomena in a Centrifugal Pump

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freddy Jeanty ◽  
Jesu´s De Andrade ◽  
Miguel Asuaje ◽  
Frank Kenyery ◽  
Auristela Va´squez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Cavitation Model ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Global Performance ◽  
Good Agreement

Cavitation is a common phenomenon that appears during the operation of the hydraulic turbomachines reducing performance and life of Centrifugal pumps. The main goal of this work is primarily a CFD-simulation of the whole Centrifugal Pump-Turbine including the suction cone, impeller, diffuser blades and volute, in order to characterize and evaluate its performance under cavitation conditions. The CFD simulations results were compared with experimental data under cavitation and non-cavitation conditions. A good agreement has been obtained under non-cavitation conditions for global performance parameters. After the implementation of the Rayleigh Plesset cavitation model, the required Net Positive Suction Head (NPSHr) has been predicted from CFD simulations. Finally, a full cavitation test can be reproduced for a Hydraulic Turbomachine to avoid this dangerous phenomenon.

scholarly journals A Review of Design Considerations of Centrifugal Pump Capability for Handling Inlet Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flows

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifeng Jiang ◽  
Yaguang Heng ◽  
Xiaobing Liu ◽  
Weibin Zhang ◽  
Gérard Bois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Two Phase Flows ◽  
Two Phase

Most of the pumps working under two phase flows conditions are used in petroleum industry applications, like electrical submersible pumps (ESP) for hydrocarbon fluids, in chemistry, nuclear industries and in agriculture for irrigation purposes as well. Two-phase flows always deteriorate overall pump performances compared with single flow conditions. Several papers have been published aiming to understand flow physics and to model all the main mechanisms that govern gas pocket formation and surging phenomena. These mechanisms depend on the pump type, the impeller geometry, the rotational speed, design and off-design liquid flow rate conditions, the volumetric gas fraction, the fluid properties and the inlet pressure. In the present paper, a review on two phase performances from various centrifugal pumps designs is presented, mainly based on experimental results. The main focus is devoted to detect the significant geometrical parameters that: (1) Modify the pump head degradation level under bubbly flow regime assumption; (2) Allow single stage centrifugal pumps keep working under two-phase flow conditions with high inlet void fraction values before pump shut down, whatever the pump performance degradations and liquid production rates should be. Because most of the published experimental studies are performed on dedicated laboratory centrifugal pump models, most of the present review is based on air-water mixtures as the working fluid with inlet pressures close to atmospheric conditions. The following review supposes that gas phase is considered as a non-condensable perfect gas, while the liquid phase is incompressible. Both phases are isolated from external conditions: neither mass nor heat transfer take place between the phases.

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