scholarly journals A Dashboard for Foreign Investors to Set Up FPI's in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
K Jhansi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Set Up

The Tax Framework of Hedge Funds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
François-Serge Lhabitant ◽  
Michel Brocard
Keyword(s):  
Hedge Funds ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Cayman Islands ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Limited Partnership ◽  
Disclosure Requirements ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Tax Exempt ◽  
Set Up

Hedge funds have grown in size, number, and complexity, but continue to operate largely outside the scope of government regulation and with limited disclosure requirements. This provides them with several advantages over institutional investors such as traditional investment funds. Hedge funds also often reap substantial benefits from special tax provisions that are increasingly criticized and deemed no longer appropriate. This chapter reviews the legal and operational structures typically used by hedge funds and their managers, sponsors, and investors to optimize their tax setup. In particular, it discusses the case of U.S. domestic hedge funds set up as a limited partnership as well as the case of offshore funds based in the Cayman Islands. It also analyzes the specificities of U.S. taxable and U.S. tax-exempt investors as well as foreign investors.

scholarly journals A közvetlen külföldi befektetések és a korrupció közötti kapcsolat (The connection of Foreign Direct Investment and corruption)

2011 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
Viktória Erdődi-Kovács ◽  
Krisztina Hegedűs
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost

A szerzők tanulmányának középpontjában a közvetlen külföldi befektetések és a korrupció kapcsolata áll. Feltételezésük az, hogy a közvetlen külföldi befektetők a kevésbé korrupt országokat kedvelik, mivel a korrupció egy további kockázati tényezőt jelent a befektetők számára, amely növelheti a befektetések költségeit. Megítélésük szerint ezt kvantitatív módszerekkel érdemes vizsgálni, így elemzésük során 79 országot vizsgálnak meg tíz évre vonatkozó átlagokkal a Gretl-program és az OLS becslőfüggvény segítségével. Több modell lefuttatása után azt az eredményt kapták, hogy a közvetlen külföldi befektetők döntéseiben a korrupció szignifikáns tényező, a két változó között negatív korrelációt figyeltek meg. / === / The study focuses on the connection of Foreign Direct Investment and corruption. The authors assume that investors prefer countries where corruption level is lower, as corruption an additional risk factor that might increase the cost of investment. They believe that the best way to prove the previous statement if they use quantitative methods, so they set up a model where 79 countries are tested for 10 years averages, with the help of the Gretl and OLS estimator. After running several models their finding was that corruption is a significant factor in the decisions of foreign investors, and there is a negative correlation between corruption and FDI.

scholarly journals Procesy koncentracji w polskim sektorze bankowym

2004 ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kacperska ◽  
Jakub Kraciuk
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Banking Sector Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up

The financial sector presents the strongest tendency towards capital concentration, what is the effect of its deregulation, liberalization and strong competitiveness. Fusions and foreign investors, who are taking banks over, are accomplishing this concentration. From the beginning of 1993 until the first quarter of 2004, the number of active commercial banks decreased from 87 to 59 and 27 fusions and assumptions were noticed. At the beginning of 2004 foreign investors controlled 46 commercial banks out of 59 operating in Poland. The value of their investments exceeded 7 .2 billions PLN and they owned 76.3% of equity and supplementary funds and 67.4% of assets. Owing to these investments, the banking sector development has started and the investors subsidised existing banks, improved infrastructure and made many innovations. The large foreign banks, which were set up as a result of concentration, made banking system more effective and facilitated development of national economy. On the other hand, the superior contribution of large foreign banks obstructs national financial policy and makes the financial sector sensitive to prosperity fluctuations and a crisis of the world banking system.

Understanding FDI in Socialist Nations

2021 ◽  
pp. 246-272
Author(s):  
Jayanth Narendra Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
Entry Requirements ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Over Time

The link between foreign direct investment and economic growth has been widely studied. The studies have provided insights into how developing nations enable growth by adjusting policies to entice investors. Foreign investors entering emerging markets have to make strategic decisions on how to set up their operations. Investors look for markets and countries that would maximize their returns and position themselves as leaders in the industry. Hence, understanding entry requirements and economic policies are vital to understanding FDI. Keeping this in mind, this chapter analyses FDI in socialist nations and how their policies have evolved over time. The chapter will analyze the motivations and trends in FDI and how institutional conditions have enabled or impeded growth. The chapter studies China and Vietnam and compares their approach to FDI. The chapter uses Eclectic Theory posited by Dunning to understand changes in policies and how socialist nations are evolving to accept FDIs. The chapter concludes with a comparison section and presents scope for further research.

scholarly journals Deregulasi Bursa Efek Jakarta, 1987—1997

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Suparjo Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

This paper discussed about deregulations in Jakarta Stock Exchange on periods 1987-1997 that used history method, that comprise with heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography. The purposes about this research are to know historicalback ground and the impacts of government’s deregulations toward Jakarta Stock Exchange in 1987 until 1997. The Jakarta Stock Exchange that has activated by Soeharto’s Era have purposes to create equity distribution income. In efforts to achieve this goal, the government set up some rules about capital markets. In practice, these rules caused the Jakarta Stock Exchange experienced a decline. To solve the causeds, the government make deregulation of capital market. Deregulation aimed to eliminating overly burdensome regulation of capital markets. The Deregulation of capital markets is Paket Desember 1987, Paket Desember 1988, SK Menteri Keuangan No. 1055/KMK.013/1989 and S.K. Menteri Keuangan No. 1548/KMK.013/1990. The impact of deregulation, Jakarta Stock Exchange experienced a boom in 1987-1989. In the long-period impact, Jakarta Stock Exchange is open for foreign investors and then subjected to privatization.

Goods and Service Tax

Paradigm ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
Hemlata Tiwari ◽  
Shambhu Nath Singh
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Set Up

The Indian government has taken a major step in the direction of indirect tax reform. Since 1 July 2017, it implemented goods and service tax (GST) in place of other indirect taxes. The idea behind GST is to bring uniformity in goods and services price across the nation. This new system brings a lot of transparency in indirect tax structure of our country. It will also help in tracking tax evasion. GST will bring a lot of changes in Indian economy. This will also help in removing obstacle of doing business in our country. In this way, it will attract lot of domestic and foreign investors to set up their business in India. Once foreign companies start their operation in India, they will hire lot of Indian youth to do work in their business. This will pave the way to sort out the problem of unemployment in India and enhance our foreign exchange reserve. Business development will further enhance the infrastructure growth in our nation. It will direct the path of growth in government revenue and support government initiatives such as Make in India, Digital India and so on. In this way, GST will give a spur to Indian economic growth prospects. The above-mentioned growth path will make Indian equity market lucrative for domestic and foreign investors. Here, we can say GST will not only simplify indirect tax system but also give a way of further economic development of our nation.

The Effects of Drying Techniques on Clay-Rich Soil Texture

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
T. G. Naymik
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Quartz Grains

Three techniques were incorporated for drying clay-rich specimens: air-drying, freeze-drying and critical point drying. In air-drying, the specimens were set out for several days to dry or were placed in an oven (80°F) for several hours. The freeze-dried specimens were frozen by immersion in liquid nitrogen or in isopentane at near liquid nitrogen temperature and then were immediately placed in the freeze-dry vacuum chamber. The critical point specimens were molded in agar immediately after sampling. When the agar had set up the dehydration series, water-alcohol-amyl acetate-CO2 was carried out. The objectives were to compare the fabric plasmas (clays and precipitates), fabricskeletons (quartz grains) and the relationship between them for each drying technique. The three drying methods are not only applicable to the study of treated soils, but can be incorporated into all SEM clay soil studies.

Evaluation of Freezing Methods by Low Temperature X-Ray Diffraction

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
T. Gulik-Krzywicki ◽  
M.J. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Biological Materials ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Set Up

Freeze-etching electron microscopy is currently one of the best methods for studying molecular organization of biological materials. Its application, however, is still limited by our imprecise knowledge about the perturbations of the original organization which may occur during quenching and fracturing of the samples and during the replication of fractured surfaces. Although it is well known that the preservation of the molecular organization of biological materials is critically dependent on the rate of freezing of the samples, little information is presently available concerning the nature and the extent of freezing-rate dependent perturbations of the original organizations. In order to obtain this information, we have developed a method based on the comparison of x-ray diffraction patterns of samples before and after freezing, prior to fracturing and replication.Our experimental set-up is shown in Fig. 1. The sample to be quenched is placed on its holder which is then mounted on a small metal holder (O) fixed on a glass capillary (p), whose position is controlled by a micromanipulator.

Eels Under Standing Wave Conditions

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 492-495
Author(s):  
O.L. Krivanek ◽  
J. TaftØ
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Site ◽  
Complex Crystal

It is well known that a standing electron wavefield can be set up in a crystal such that its intensity peaks at the atomic sites or between the sites or in the case of more complex crystal, at one or another type of a site. The effect is usually referred to as channelling but this term is not entirely appropriate; by analogy with the more established particle channelling, electrons would have to be described as channelling either through the channels or through the channel walls, depending on the diffraction conditions.

Low-Loss Images in a Stem/Tem Microscope

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 496-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Joy ◽  
Dennis M. Maher
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Beam Direction ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Specimen Holder ◽  
Glancing Angle ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Conventional Manner ◽  
Objective Type

High-resolution images of the surface topography of solid specimens can be obtained using the low-loss technique of Wells. If the specimen is placed inside a lens of the condenser/objective type, then it has been shown that the lens itself can be used to collect and filter the low-loss electrons. Since the probeforming lenses in TEM instruments fitted with scanning attachments are of this type, low-loss imaging should be possible.High-resolution, low-loss images have been obtained in a JEOL JEM 100B fitted with a scanning attachment and a thermal, fieldemission gun. No modifications were made to the instrument, but a wedge-shaped, specimen holder was made to fit the side-entry, goniometer stage. Thus the specimen is oriented initially at a glancing angle of about 30° to the beam direction. The instrument is set up in the conventional manner for STEM operation with all the lenses, including the projector, excited.

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