scholarly journals Exogenous factors of memory formation about the great soviet era in contemporary Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Larionov ◽  
Vardan Baghdasaryan ◽  
Sergey Fedorchenko ◽  
Eduard Shults
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Historical Identity ◽  
High Degree

This article is devoted to the analysis of exogenous factors in the formation of the historical memory of Russian society about the Soviet era. The author refers to those components of the Russian information and cultural space that are created and broadcast into the consciousness of Russian society with direct influence and interest of foreign entities external to Russia. On the basis of facts and texts, conclusions are made about the systematic and consistent nature of attempts to influence the historical memory of Russian society in order to radically transform Russian national-historical consciousness and a sense of historical identity. The diversity of such effects is also noted. Despite the long and cumulative nature of attempts at external influence on the Russian memorial culture and social memory, a high degree of stability of the collective memory of Russian society should be stated. Not least, this is achieved thanks to the thoughtful historical policy of the Russian state over the past 15-20 years.

scholarly journals Contradictions in the Formation of the Historical Consciousness of Modern Russian Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
A. A. Suchilina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Historical Identity ◽  
Protest Activity

From a praxeological standpoint, history is an experience of the past transferred to the present for the search for landmarks in reality. However, the historical consciousness of modern youth, which is forming under the conditions of network reality, is quite contradictory, which increases the political risk of involving this social group in protest activity. Young people are characterised by a fragmented worldview, an uncritical attitude to information coming from social networks, and the use of consumer behaviour standards in social relations. All these trends in the context of the spread of the ideology of neoliberalism lead to the undermining of collective identity. A particular object of influence is historical consciousness, which is a part of national identity. The strategic objectives of the Russian state are to maintain historical communication, including through memorials, to preserve historical identity as part of national sovereignty. The solution to these problems cannot be ensured by the efforts of the state alone; it is necessary to involve all the leading social institutions — agents of socialisation. Overcoming the contradictions in the formation of the historical consciousness of Russian youth involves the transmission of the value of patriotism through the institution of a traditional family.

scholarly journals Islamic Factor of Russian Statehood in the Preimperial Period

Islamovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Saidov Akhmedkhan Aminovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Orthodox Christianity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Sociological Approaches ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Special Relevance

The article examines the problems of the relationship between Islam and Orthodox Christianity in the Russian state in the pre-Soviet period, which, according to the author, acquires special relevance in connection with unfolding polemics in the contemporary Russian society, since historical memory influences the nature of these relationships. It analyzes various worldview and socio-political approaches and assessments of the nature of these relationships in the period under study. In this connection, the author reveals the positive socio-political and ge-ostrategic potential of Islam – the autochthonous religion of Russia. Based on the need to rely on the civilizational essence of Russia in the processes of state-building, the article identifies the negative factors that influenced the relationship between Islam and the Russian state in the past, which will now allow, without repeating mistakes, to create the necessary conditions for positive cooperation, to develop common features of the Eurasian identity, to coordinate the most im-portant elements of both political cultures on an ongoing basis. In the final part of the article, relying on the systemic and sociological approaches, the author substantiates the conclusion that, as a historically established Russian phenomenon, the Islamic factor was taken into account as one of the socio-cultural, politically significant elements both in the domestic and foreign policy of the Moscow state.

Remembering a problematic past: TV mystics, perestroika and the 1990s in post-Soviet media and memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Huxtable
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Memory Work ◽  
Web Forum

This article examines memories of the TV psychic Anatoly Kashpirovsky, whose TV ‘séances’ were broadcast on Soviet state television in the late-1980s. Based on the results of interviews from Russians and Ukrainians conducted in 2013–2014, a television serial based on the rise of TV mystics in the late-1980s and a web forum devoted to discussion of the serial, this article uses memories of Kashpirovsky in both vernacular and public contexts as a means of understanding the place of perestroika and the 1990s in the post-Soviet historical consciousness. In particular, the article focuses on the continued contestation over the meaning of perestroika and the 1990s in Russian and Ukrainian collective memory and the different interpretative strategies used to explain the past. The article seeks to examine the different forms of memory work taking place in different memory spaces, from the popular, vernacular memories voiced in interviews, to public memories expressed within popular culture.

scholarly journals Memory of the Students About the Great Patriotic War: Сommon and Special

2020 ◽  
pp. 299-330
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Ustinkin ◽  
◽  
Natalia M. Morozova ◽  
Pavel I. Kukonkov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Young Students ◽  
State Educational

Changes in Russian society, happened in the last three decades, determine the contradictory process of socialization of the younger generation. The blurry of perceptions about the type of personality demanded by society and the state, in many ways, determines the chaotic process of forming the values of young people, which proceed under the influence of random and sometimes divergent factors. Changing objective living conditions in modern Russian society leads to a significant complication of social self-determination processes, the formation of the problematic identity of various youth groups. The authors of the article focused on identifying local-territorial and sociocultural features of the memory of the Great Patriotic War of the students of the large regional centers of the Volga Federal District. The dynamics of this process are analyzed on the basis of data obtained during the research of historical memory of students of Nizhny Novgorod region and cities of the Volga Federal District in 2005–2015. The Volga branch of FCTAS RAS and LUNN, as well as the all-Russian sociological study of the Russian society of sociologists in 2020. The authors of the article substantiate the conclusion that the structure of the historical memory of young students is very selective, often without sufficient justification fixes attention on some events and ignores others, contributing to the mythologization of historical consciousness, disorienting it and creating a favorable ground for the emergence and strengthening of social destruction. The authors’ conclusion is convincing that without special eff orts of society, the state, educational institutions aimed at forming the historical consciousness of young students, it is impossible to maintain the attitude to the Great Patriotic War, as a landmark event in world and national history.

scholarly journals RUSSIAN CLUBS IN EAST ASIA AND USABLE PAST FOR COMPATRIOTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Mikhaleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Russian Foreign Policy ◽  
Memory Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Usable Past

This work focuses on the practices of memory of Russian compatriots' organizations in East Asia. The aim of the study was to analyze how the latter use the past as mnemonic actors. We studied the narratives about the past created by compatriots' organizations and the Russian authorities or with their support. Today the Russian state creates a demand for a specific version of memory in the region, as part of its policy of supporting the Russian world. Compatriots' organizations have responded to it in exchange for support and have become agents of the Russian foreign policy, increasing influence in East Asia. These organizations privatize historical memory and form an identity on its basis, for which long-standing presence in the region and unity with Russia have become the most important characteristics. However, after the establishment of Rossotrudnichestvo, the Russian state formed a system of local agents. If the demand for the participation of compatriots' organizations in memory politics disappears, then it is possible that oppositional interpretations of the past will appear.

5TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1812. PRACTICES OF COMMEMORATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Philipp I. Ulanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
War Of 1812 ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Press

This article examines the commemoration practices in marking 5th anniversary of the Patriotic war of 1812. Those celebrations became actually the first commemorative event dedicated to that war. A historical analysis is based on the material of mass media and memoirs of contemporaries. The focal point of the article is the collective memory formation process: what ceremonies were carried out and what goals were pursued by the state, what were the narratives of historical memory that existed in the press. The study of historical memory and its formation means, and specifically with regard to the anniversaries of the Patriotic war of 1812, has become widely prevalent in modern Russian historiography. However, historians rarely focus their attention on the 5th jubilee of the war. The study of that event from the point of view of the memorial history problematic will reveal not only the emerging of the narratives of historical memory, but also will be the starting point in the further study of their evolution and changes. The study of that dynamics is extremely important, because using the memory of the Patriotic war of 1812 has contributed to forming the national identity and self-consciousness of the Russian population over the past two centuries.

From Parkman to Pearson: Historical context and the transformation of Quebec’s strategic culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-575
Author(s):  
David G. Haglund ◽  
Stéphane Roussel
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
New France ◽  
Strategic Culture ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Francis Parkman ◽  
Contemporary Reality

“Strategic culture” is one of those conceptual bridges that link history with political science because, among other reasons, it reminds us of the hold that memories of past events can continue to exercise upon contemporary reality. But those memories are always subjective, sometimes downplayed to the point of nearly being forgotten altogether, at other times so overstated as to yield a highly distorted sense of the past and of its relationship to the present. This article constitutes a revisitation of contemporary Quebec strategic culture, from the perspective of historical memory. That strategic culture has of late been so strongly stamped with the impress of a “Pearsonian internationalism” that it becomes easy for analysts to confuse it with “pacifism.” Yet it has also been a strategic culture that stems from a great deal of historical amnesia. What has been effaced from the collective memory is the long period in which war was endemic in New France—the period that gives the lie to the notion of Quebeckers somehow being a “pacifistic” folk. This was the sanguinary era upon which the historian Francis Parkman focused such a large share of his prodigious intellectual energies. Only the closing act of this era seems to have escaped erasure from Quebec’s collective memory. Indeed, that act, which took place on the Plains of Abraham, has been “remembered” only too well. So well has it been recollected, in fact, that it has fostered within Quebec society the unshakable conviction that, for Quebeckers, war must always be a risky undertaking susceptible of leading to catastrophe.

scholarly journals To the question of the concepts of «historical consciousness» and «historical memory»

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Yuliya Solomonovna Repinetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Individual Memory ◽  
Public Consciousness

The article defines the concepts historical consciousness and historical memory which are studied by many social sciences and are termed differently. The author indicates multiplicity of social memory as a process. Besides the public (social) memory the author distinguishes cultural memory (researched, especially recent); collective memory (faced and meaningful common experiences living together); individual memory (represented experience); historical memory, etc. Historical consciousness and historical memory are the terms that take a key position in the theory and methodology of historical science. The author of the article also draws attention to the analysis of the approaches of contemporary scientists L.P. Repina and Maurice Halbwachs (the founder of the theory of historical memory (1877-1945) to the interpretation of the problem. The essence of historical consciousness and memory is characterized, public consciousness is distinguished. The author draws attention to such an important aspect of the problem as identifying complex concepts-synonyms appearing in the theory and methodology of historical science like historical consciousness and historical memory. Special emphasis is made on showing dialectical unity concepts mentioned above.

scholarly journals Historical Memory as the Object of International Law and National Regulations

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Dorskaya ◽  
Andrey Dorskiy
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
International Law ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Trauma ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Trial Setting

Based on the theories of collective memory and social trauma developed by sociologists, the article studies legal aspects of the modern attitude towards history in general and historical memory in particular. The science distinguishes modern general, regional and national social traumas that can be prevented or overcome through legal tools. The authors explain such notions as “official memory policy” and “memorial laws”. It is demonstrated that unlike national legislation that contains judgments regarding events of the past, international law largely acts as a deterrent in respect to revision of the Nuremberg Trial, setting certain limits to the interpretation of historical facts and escalation of conflicts based on various assessments of historical heritage. Moreover, the standpoints of countries regarding the history issues are consolidated by the international legal institutions.

HISTORICAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN INTERNET MEMES: TOWARDS A PROBLEM STATEMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-138
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Kostoglotov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Internet Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temporal Representations

The article examines the forms of historical consciousness that are present in the digital environment, more specifically in Internet memes. With the universal spread of the Internet, civilization received not only a new tool for communication, but also entered the phase of fundamentally new communication formats. One of them is Internet memes – understood in the article as predominantly mutable templates, in which the picture is static and the text changes. Internet memes function as two-tiered utterances. At the first level, the Internet meme is an ironic part that allows you to grab attention and go to the second level, where the utterance is made. Communication through Internet memes is the realization of everyday representations and thought structures. These structures include, among other things, historical consciousness, which can be understood as all cases of the presence of the past in everyday life. If the historical memory in the Internet culture is widely studied: narratives, symbols that are realized in various kinds of content are analyzed, then the historical consciousness still remains outside the analysis. The article raises the problem of the implementation of temporal representations, the role of the past in the processing of present events, conceptualization of the past in communication through Internet memes.

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