GAS EXCHANGE OF COWPEA VARIETIES SUBJECTED TO SALT STRESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Daniela Siqueira Coelho ◽  
José Aliçandro Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Russaika Lírio Nascimento ◽  
Vanessa de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Juliano Juliano
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Cowpea Varieties

scholarly journals Characterization and gas exchange in accessions of Saccharum complex under salinity in the Sub-middle São Francisco, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Welson L. Simões ◽  
Anderson R. de Oliveira ◽  
Jucicléia S. da Silva ◽  
Vinicius G. Torres Junior ◽  
Weslley O. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Saccharum Complex ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Agricultural Yield ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Species Being

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the factors that most limit agricultural yield in the Brazilian semi-arid region. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the leaf gas exchange and biometric characteristics of accessions of the Saccharum complex subjected to salt stress. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, installed at Embrapa Semiárido, in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with the treatments represented by 19 accessions belonging to different genera/species, being 10 accessions of Saccharum officinarum (BGCN 6, BGCN 91, BGCN 104, BGCN 127, BCGN 90, BGCN 101, BGCN 102, BGCN 118, BGCN 125 and BGCN 122), two accessions of Saccharum spp. (BGCN 87 and BGCN 89), one accession of Saccharum hybridum (BGCN 88), one accession of Saccharum robustum (BGCN 94), four accessions of Erianthus arundinaceus (BGCN 117, BGCN 119, BGCN 120 and BGCN 123) and one accession of Miscanthus spp., with three repetitions. Biometric characteristics, chlorophyll index and leaf gas exchange of the accessions were evaluated when they were subjected to irrigation with salinized water (6.0 dS m-1). E. arundinaceus accessions (BGCN 120 and BGCN 123) showed the highest photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, plant height and leaf length, indicating greater adaptability to salt stress and could be promising in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Variations in leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and membrane potential of Medicago sativa root cortex cells exposed to increased salinity: The role of the antioxidant potential in salt tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Farissi ◽  
Mohammed Mouradi ◽  
Omar Farssi ◽  
Abdelaziz Bouizgaren ◽  
Cherki Ghoulam
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Root Cortex ◽  
Root Cortex Cells

Salinity is one of the most serious agricultural problems that adversely affects growth and productivity of pasture crops such as alfalfa. In this study, the effects of salinity on some ecophysiological and biochemical criteria associated with salt tolerance were assessed in two Moroccan alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) populations, Taf 1 and Tata. The experiment was conducted in a hydro-aeroponic system containing nutrient solutions, with the addition of NaCl at concentrations of 100 and 200 mM. The salt stress was applied for a month. Several traits in relation to salt tolerance, such as plant dry biomass, relative water content, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, nutrient uptake, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes, were analyzed at the end of the experiment. The membrane potential was measured in root cortex cells of plants grown with or without NaCl treatment during a week. The results indicated that under salt stress, plant growth and all of the studied physiological and biochemical traits were significantly decreased, except for malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents, which were found to be increased under salt stress. Depolarization of membrane root cortex cells with the increase in external NaCl concentration was noted, irrespective of the growth conditions. The Tata population was more tolerant to high salinity (200 mM NaCl) and its tolerance was associated with the ability of plants to maintain adequate levels of the studied parameters and their ability to overcome oxidative stress by the induction of antioxidant enzymes, such as guaiacol peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase.

scholarly journals xpression of aquaporin subtypes (GhPIP1;1, GhTIP2;1, and GhSIP1;3) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) submitted to salt stress

AoB Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana C C Braz ◽  
Pedro D Fernandes ◽  
Daniela D Barbosa ◽  
Wellison F Dutra ◽  
Carliane R C Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Abstract Salinization leads to several worldwide damages in agricultural regions, mainly in semiarid regions where leaching of salt is poor due to limited and erratic rainfall. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a Malvaceae with wide genetic variability to salt stress. The identification of salinity tolerant genotypes is a dynamic target in a breeding program, and the selection is often based on plant phenotypes. Molecular markers are reliable tools to aid in these selection procedures. Aquaporin (AQPs) are channel proteins that play fundamental role in water relations and tolerance to environmental stresses. Plants have fine regulation of water transport through AQPs activities. In order to evaluate the AQP expressions of different cotton cultivars submitted to salt stress, we use molecular and physiological tools, based on RT-qPCR and gas exchange assays. Seven cultivars were submitted to 95 mM NaCl, started at V3 stage (21 days after emergence), during 72 h. At the end of stress treatment, root tissues were used to total RNA extraction, followed by cDNA synthesis and RT-qPCR analyzes. Three sets of specific primers were used, drawn from AQP accessions deposited in NCBI. Additionally, full expanded leaves were used to gas exchange assays and to estimate the relative water content. The dry matter of the shoots was also evaluated. Based on pattern of AQPs transcripts, we found that all semiarid tolerant cultivars (BRS Seridó, 7MH, CNPA MT 2009 152 and BRS 416) showed downregulation of AQP subtypes, mainly GhPIP1;1 and GhTIP2;1 whose action is characterized as tolerant to salinity. The results of gas exchanges, relative water content and dry matter were consistent with the molecular findings in these cultivars, confirming that GhPIP1;1 and GhTIP2;1, located at plasma membrane and vacuoles, respectively, could be adopted as AQP markers for identification of cotton tolerant to salt stress.

Leaf gas exchange, chloroplastic pigments and dry matter accumulation in castor bean (Ricinus communis L) seedlings subjected to salt stress conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Alves Pinheiro ◽  
José Vieira Silva ◽  
Laurício Endres ◽  
Vilma Marques Ferreira ◽  
Celene de Albuquerque Câmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Chloroplastic Pigments

Water relations and leaf gas exchange properties in some elite canola (Brassica napus) lines under salt stress

2003 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
M QASIM ◽  
M ASHRAF ◽  
M AMIR JAMIL ◽  
M Y ASHRAF ◽  
SHAFIQ-UR-REHMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Exchange Properties

scholarly journals SALICYLIC ACID AS AN ATTENUATOR OF SALT STRESS IN SOURSOP

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1092-1101
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ ALISSON RODRIGUES DA SILVA ◽  
GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽  
CARLOS ALBERTO VIEIRA DE AZEVEDO ◽  
LUANA LUCAS DE SÁ ALMEIDA VELOSO ◽  
HANS RAJ GHEYI
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Saline Waters ◽  
Induced Tolerance

ABSTRACT The search for alternatives that enable the use of saline waters in agriculture has become constant. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid in mitigating salt stress effects on the growth and gas exchange of soursop cv. ‘Morada Nova’. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, in the municipality of Campina Grande - PB, Brazil. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, in a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.8; 1.6; 2.4; 3.2 and 4.0 dS m-1) and four concentrations of salicylic acid - SA (0; 1.2; 2.4 and 3.6 mM), with three replicates. Irrigation with saline water compromised the growth and gas exchange of soursop cv. ‘Morada Nova’. However, exogenous application of salicylic acid induced tolerance to salt stress in soursop plants, as their growth, transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency were favored by the application of salicylic acid, even when exposed to water salinity.

scholarly journals Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of two Greek Cotton Cultivars to Salt Stress and their Impact as Selection Indices for Salt Tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Anna MOUSSOURAKI ◽  
Eleni TANI ◽  
Anna VELLIOU ◽  
Maria GOUFA ◽  
Maria PSYCHOGIOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Nacl Concentration

Soil salinity is a major constrain of crop productivity. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important fiber crop worldwide and a major agricultural product in Greece. Two commercial cotton cultivars (‘Hersi’ and ‘ST 318’) were studied to compare their response under non-saline and saline conditions in a greenhouse experiment. Salt stress on plants was imposed by two different approaches: a gradual and an initial acclimatization to a non-lethal NaCl concentration (150 mM). To explore salt stress responses, growth (height of plants, roots, shoots and leaves dry weight, reproductive shoots, Salinity Sensitivity Index), gas exchange (Photosynthetic rate, Stomatal conductance, Transpiration rate and Water Use Efficiency) and biochemical parameters (proline, H2O2 and MDA content), were examined as well as ion homeostasis. ‘Hersi’ had significantly higher dry weight of roots, shoots and leaves, lower salinity sensitivity index of roots compared to ‘ST 318’.  In this regard, it appears that ‘Hersi’ cultivar performed better than ‘ST 318’ to increased salinity conditions, due to better control of gas exchange parameters and K+/Na+ homeostasis as well as better membrane integrity. Furthermore, the gradual acclimatization to the 150 mM NaCl concentration had a milder effect on both cultivars compared to the initial acclimatization.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

Chlorophyll, anthocyanin, and gas exchange changes assessed by spectroradiometry in Fragaria chiloensis under salt stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Garriga ◽  
Jorge B. Retamales ◽  
Sebastián Romero-Bravo ◽  
Peter D.S. Caligari ◽  
Gustavo A. Lobos
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Fragaria Chiloensis
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