STUDY OF PULSE MODE OF PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER FOR ECHOSCOPE

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
V. S. Konovalova ◽  
R. S. Konovalov ◽  
S. I. Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Active Element ◽  
Pulse Mode ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Electric Signal ◽  
Stationary Mode ◽  
Piezoceramic Plate ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Broadband Pulse

The piezoelectric transducer of the echoscope intended for research of soft tissues of the person is considered. The active element of the transducer is a damped piezoceramic plate. As an exciting electric signal, an electric voltage pulse with a different number of half‑cycles at the natural frequency of the plate is selected. The pulse mode of the radiator operation is investigated. The amplitudes and durations of the probing acoustic signal are estimated depending on the duration of the exciting pulse. The dynamics of changes in the durations and amplitudes of the radiated acoustic pulses is studied. For various degrees of damping of the plate, the number of half‑cycles contained in the exciting signal, from which the emitter operates in a stationary mode, is determined. The obtained results can be used in the field of design and development of technology for manufacturing of broadband pulse piezoelectric transducers of ultrasonic medical echoscopes.

Optimal configuration and combination of piezoelectric transducer and inductor for synchronized-switch-damping-on-an-inductor technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 888-906
Author(s):  
Junjiro Onoda ◽  
Shigeru Shimose ◽  
Kenji Minesugi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Energy Dissipation Rate ◽  
Free Vibrations ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Optimal Configuration ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patch Type ◽  
Parallel Connections

This article describes the optimal configuration and combination of piezoelectric transducers and inductors for the synchronized-switch-damping-on-an-inductor technique. The technique suppresses structural vibrations by inverting the polarity of the electric voltage in a piezoelectric transducer using a switched inductive shunt circuit at each displacement extremum. The energy dissipation rate of synchronized switch damping on an inductor depends on the impedances of the transducer and the inductor in the circuit, especially the resistive component, in this inversion. For this study, mathematical models of the equivalent resistances of transducers and inductors for this inversion phenomenon were formulated based on experiments with various transducers and inductors. Using these models, the optimal ratio of the thickness–area of patch-type piezoelectric transducers and that of the length–cross-sectional area of the lead of the inductors were analytically obtained. The optimization of series–parallel connections of multiple transducers and inductors was also shown to be equivalent to this one. The optimal mass budget allocation for the transducers and inductors was also formulated. Two examples of optimization, involving an increase in energy dissipation rates by a factor of 4, were presented. The examples showed that the time taken to suppress free vibrations in a clamped beam was reduced to half through the optimization.

scholarly journals Inter-Stage Output Voltage Amplitude Improvement Circuit Integrated with Class-B Transmit Voltage Amplifier for Mobile Ultrasound Machines

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiheum You ◽  
Hojong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Voltage Amplitude ◽  
Voltage Amplifier ◽  
Class B ◽  
Voltage Signal ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Limited Power Supply

Piezoelectric transducers are triggered by the output voltage signal of a transmit voltage amplifier (TVA). In mobile ultrasound instruments, the sensitivity of piezoelectric transducers is a critical parameter under limited power supply from portable batteries. Therefore, the enhancement of the output voltage amplitude of the amplifier under limited power supply could increase the sensitivity of the piezoelectric transducer. Several-stage TVAs are used to increase the voltage amplitude. However, inter-stage design issues between each TVA block may reduce the voltage amplitude and bandwidth because the electronic components of the amplifier are nonlinearly operated at the desired frequency ranges. To compensate for this effect, we propose a novel inter-stage output voltage amplitude improvement (OVAI) circuit integrated with a class-B TVA circuit. We performed fundamental A-mode pulse-echo tests using a 15-MHz immersion-type piezoelectric transducer to verify the design. The echo amplitude and bandwidth when using an inter-stage OVAI circuit integrated with a class-B TVA circuit (696 mVPP and 29.91%, respectively) were higher than those obtained when using only the class-B TVA circuit (576 mVPP and 24.21%, respectively). Therefore, the proposed OVAI circuit could be beneficial for increasing the output amplitude of the class-B TVA circuit for mobile ultrasound machines.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE ACTUAL AREA OF DRY ACOUSTIC CONTACT IN THE SYSTEM “TRANSDUCER–PRODUCT” IN LOW-FREQUENCY DEFECTOSCOPY

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
O. G. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Static Force ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
Directional Waves ◽  
Dry Contact ◽  
Acoustic Contact ◽  
Acoustic Antenna

The conditions for the emission of acoustic energy into the pipeline environment and the reception of reflected signals from inconsistencies in dry acoustic contact cause certain dimensions of the actual contact area between the transducers and the pipe surface. The basic approaches to the determination of the actual area of ​​dry acoustic contact between the surfaces of the piezoelectric transducer and the pipe are formulated under the influence of constant static force of pressing the surfaces in low-frequency flaw detection using ultrasonic directional waves. Expressions have been proposed to determine the area of ​​actual acoustic contact for single and numerical micro projections of the pipe surface. The principle of quality control of balancing of acoustic antenna piezoelectric transducers in modern systems of low-frequency diagnostics of the technical state of longitudinal pipelines by ultrasonic directed waves is described. It is revealed that after correct balancing of all the acoustic antenna piezoelectric transducers, the column image does not appear on the display screen and the mathematical support of the system will automatically collect the technical status of the diagnosed section of the pipeline, the results of which are displayed on the display screen. It is established that the actual area of ​​dry acoustic contact in the "piezoelectric product" system in low-frequency defectoscopy depends on the magnitude of the static force of pressing the surface of the piezoelectric transducer to the surface of the product. It is revealed that the deformation of the micro protrusions of the surface of the product under the action of static clamping force is uneven, which does not allow to fully calculate the actual area of ​​dry contact by mathematical methods. It is shown that in modern systems of low-frequency ultrasonic diagnostics of extended pipelines, directional waves control the quality of dry contact of the surface of the piezoelectric transducer with the surface of the pipe by balancing acoustic antennas with the use of special test programs.

Дифференциальный фон электрического сигнала, снимаемого с индукционной магнитной головки

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
В.В. Павлюченко ◽  
Е.С. Дорошевич
Keyword(s):  
Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Electric Signal ◽  
Natural Oscillations ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Useful Signal ◽  
Sufficient Magnitude ◽  
Local Defects

Experimental dependences U(t) of the electric voltage taken from an induction magnetic head (MH) moving relative to a magnetic carrier (MH) are presented. The backgrounds of the edges of the MN, local defects of the MN, the background of the inhomogeneous magnetic field of the local source, the backgrounds of defects and structural inhomogeneities of the object, the etheric electromagnetic background, the background of the quality of the surface of the object and surface microscopic inhomogeneities of the material have been identified and investigated. The resonant backgrounds of self-excitation of the measuring system on the signals of the edges of the MN, defects of the MN, instrument and network pickups and interference, object defects, and etheric electromagnetic fields are revealed and investigated. Resonance peaks are the result of self-excitation of the measuring system, which includes the MG, and arise on the trailing edges of any signals of sufficient magnitude, the duration of the trailing edge of which is about a quarter of the period of natural oscillations of the measuring system. The amplitude and frequency spectra of the background signals of object defects, MI and noise and the analytical expressions describing them are determined. The results of the extraction of the useful signal from the complete signal recorded on the MN are shown. Investigations of the differential background of an electric signal allow, together with the previously developed methods of hysteresis interference, to control the properties of objects in an automatic mode with program control, which significantly increases the sensitivity and accuracy of control. To achieve this goal, it is recommended to set the parameters of the measurement system at the threshold of the onset of natural free oscillations in it.

Road Performance of Common Piezoelectric Transducer for Asphalt Pavement Energy Harvesting

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 1491-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Li
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
High Energy Transition ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
Stiffness Characteristics ◽  
Better Than

The discussion in the paper is focused on energy transition efficiency, stiffness and intensity of common piezoelectric transducers in the following aspects. Firstly, we have found out that bridge piezoelectric transducers possess high energy transition efficiency and the similar stiffness to asphalt pavement through comparing and analyzing road performance of several common piezoelectric transducers. Thus, we hold the view that it is applicable for energy collection of asphalt pavement and will be analyzed subsequently. Secondly, we have analyzed energy transition efficiency and stiffness characteristics of arc bridge piezoelectric transducer and rectangular bridge piezoelectric transducer in laboratory test. The results show that, under the same load stress, arc transducers are better than rectangular transducers in terms of energy transition efficiency; but comparing with rectangular transducers, arc transducers are more prone to be destroyed, which is not helpful for bearing traffic load.

scholarly journals Implementation of raindrops energy collector board using piezoelectric transducer

2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 11011
Author(s):  
Eka Defiyani ◽  
Porman Pangaribuan ◽  
Denny Darlis
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Tropical Area ◽  
Pierre Curie

Indonesia is a country that has a fairly high rainfall, because it is located in the tropical area. This condition could be a potential for generating electrical energy from raindrops. If the heavy raindrop collide the piezoelectric materials, it can generate electrical energy. The piezoelectric effect was discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880. They found that certain materials, when subjected to mechanical strain, suffered an electrical polarization that was proportional to the applied strain. This piezoelectric effect converts mechanical strain into electrical voltage. The molecular structure of piezoelectric materials produces a coupling between electrical and mechanical domains. In this research, raindrops will be exploited to produce electric voltage by piezoelectric transducer. Piezoelectric transducer used in this research is Lead Zirconate Titanate type. Energy conversion processing occurred when raindrop collide the polymer layer of piezoelectric and make an unelastic thrust on its surface. The designed system consists of raindrops collector board and serial connected piezoelectric transducer. From system above, highest voltage, reach is 3.13 VAC for 30 piezoelectric and the average voltage is 2.617 V. This results show us the potential usage of raindrops energy generator using piezoelectric transducer for tropical countries.

scholarly journals A Review on Mechanisms for Piezoelectric-Based Energy Harvesters

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Elahi ◽  
Marco Eugeni ◽  
Paolo Gaudenzi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Self Powered

From last few decades, piezoelectric materials have played a vital role as a mechanism of energy harvesting, as they have the tendency to absorb energy from the environment and transform it to electrical energy that can be used to drive electronic devices directly or indirectly. The power of electronic circuits has been cut down to nano or micro watts, which leads towards the development of self-designed piezoelectric transducers that can overcome power generation problems and can be self-powered. Moreover, piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) can reduce the need for batteries, resulting in optimization of the weight of structures. These mechanisms are of great interest for many researchers, as piezoelectric transducers are capable of generating electric voltage in response to thermal, electrical, mechanical and electromagnetic input. In this review paper, Fluid Structure Interaction-based, human-based, and vibration-based energy harvesting mechanisms were studied. Moreover, qualitative and quantitative analysis of existing PEH mechanisms has been carried out.

scholarly journals Post-Voltage-Boost Circuit-Supported Single-Ended Class-B Amplifier for Piezoelectric Transducer Applications

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5412
Author(s):  
Jungsuk Kim ◽  
Kiheum You ◽  
Hojong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Acoustic Performance ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Class B ◽  
Ultrasound Applications ◽  
Pulse Echo

Piezoelectric transducers are important devices that are triggered by amplifier circuits in mobile ultrasound systems. Therefore, amplifier performance is vital because it determines the acoustic piezoelectric transducer performances. Particularly, mobile ultrasound applications have strict battery performance and current consumption requirements; hence, amplifier devices should exhibit good efficiency because the direct current (DC) voltage in the battery are provided to the supply voltages of the amplifier, thus limiting the maximum DC drain voltages of the main transistors in the amplifier. The maximum DC drain voltages are related with maximum output power if the choke inductor in the amplifier is used. Therefore, a need to improve the amplifier performance of piezoelectric transducers exists for mobile ultrasound applications. In this study, a post-voltage-boost circuit-supported class-B amplifier used for mobile ultrasound applications was developed to increase the acoustic performance of piezoelectric transducers. The measured voltage of the post-voltage-boost circuit-supported class-B amplifier (62 VP-P) is higher than that of only a class-B amplifier (50 VP-P) at 15 MHz and 100 mVP-P input. By performing the pulse-echo measurement test, the echo signal with the post-voltage-boost circuit-supported class-B amplifier (10.39 mVP-P) was also noted to be higher than that with only a class-B amplifier (6.15 mVP-P). Therefore, this designed post-voltage-boost circuit can help improve the acoustic amplitude of piezoelectric transducers used for mobile ultrasound applications.

Determination of damping coefficient of soft tissues using piezoelectric transducer

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhady Esmaeel ◽  
Khaled I. E. Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed M. R. FathEl-Bab
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Damping Coefficient

Design of Bio-Inspired Mobile Robot Using Piezoelectric Transducers As Drives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Jovanova ◽  
Filip Dobrivojevski ◽  
Martina Dimoska
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Design Constraints ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
And Control ◽  
Complex Trajectories

This paper focuses on the design and development of a bio-inspired mobile robot using piezoelectric transducers as drives. The design of the device aimed to imitate the trajectory movement of a crawl-like animal. Design constraints as producing controlled movement with piezoelectric transducer, as well as the combination of multiple piezoelectric patches into one mobile robot are presented in their practical aspects. The robot uses 2 piezoelectric transducers as main drives, but also as main structural components of the device. The patches are connected with a thin light rod, and the kinematic of movement is achieved with 4 tiny wooden legs connected on each of the patches. The project investigates the possibility and effectiveness of the piezoelectric transducers for movement of the bio-inspired mobile robot. From conceptual development, to the mechanical design and control, the mobile robot is used to test different trajectories of movement. Ni RIO Evaluation kit has been incorporated as a real-time and FPGA control platform for the mobile robot while using Labview programing environment. To accomplish complex trajectories of movement the velocity of the robot was measured for straight line and rotation of the robot.

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