scholarly journals Knowledge, Skill and Attitude of Nurses on the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1680-1686
Author(s):  
Ahmed Haydar Nasser Abu Thiyab
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Study Results

Coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan in 2019. COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and it is now recognized that SARS COV-2 may infect and spread among humans. During the pandemic situation, nurses and health care workers (HCWs) played a vital role in handling the infected patients and this study was carried out in Jazan city of Saudi Arabia among the nurses. The purpose of this study was to document nurses’ knowledge, skills, challenges, and information on the COVID-19. In this questionnaire-based study, we have enrolled 296 nurses based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The 296 nurses involved in this study has shared their knowledge, experience, skills and challenges in handling the infected patients with COVID-19. Initially, 34.1% of nurses was expecting COVID-19 virus will be controlled by vaccine. The majority of nurses, 54.7%, were convinced that antibiotics could control the illness. In this study results, 97% of nurses were aware of COVID-19 symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, and shortness of breath. Around 96.3% of the nurses were aware of the risk of chronic diseases in the elderly population, which may be at risk of COVID-19 infection. The 78.7% nurses believed that mask can protect from the infecting from COVID-19 and ~94% of the nurses believed that avoiding of gatherings at public places is the best method to control the virus. The majority of the 97% of nurses believed that isolation is the best method to control the COVID-19 virus in an infected person. Nurses played a critical role in the treatment of COVID 19 infected patients in Saudi Arabia, as nurses and HCWs were at risk of becoming asymptomatic carriers due to their role in disease transmission. This study recommends the nurses, HCWs and all the residents of Saudi Arabia to take the vaccine to prevent the spread of COVID-19 as new strains are developing in the global population

ASSESSMENT OF SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS REGARDING HELPING BABIES BREATH INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE NEWBORN CARE IN RURAL DISTRICT OF SINDH

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Sheh Mureed ◽  
Muhammad Hassan Gandro ◽  
Walid Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Birth Attendants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Labour Room

Background: Globally, 3.1 million newborn deaths occur every year out of these estimated 400,000 neonatal deaths occur in Pakistan. All neonatal deaths 99% take place in poorest region and countries of the world, usually within hours of birth; mostly the cause of neonatal deaths is hypoxia. To access knowledge and practice of SBAs regarding HBB and to access the availability of equipments required for HBB. Methods: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on SBAs as trained in HBB. All 46 SBAs trained on HBB working in Labour room eight rural Health centers, four Taluka, One district Head Quarter Health Facilities and thirteen Mlbcs of the district, were included in the sample for study. All 41 SBAs were trained on HBB participated in the study. Results: Mean age of 30 years. Out of total 41 participants 25 were working in B-EmoNC (61%), 3in C-EmoNC (7.3%) and 13 in mid wife laid birth Centre (MLBC) or birth station (31.7%). About 92.7% of participants said that main purpose of HBB training is to decrease the NMR by improving newborn care. Drying of newborn is 82.7%, hand washing is 95.12% and 85.3% of the study participants said that they gave 30-40 breaths per minutes. Cord clamp and pair of ties was accessible to 85% of participants versus 14.3% who reported it's not accessible. Almost one quarter (34.1%) participants have low knowledge and practice. Knowledge and training had significant effect on the overall practices of the skilled birth attendants for skilled birth deliveries and reduce the neonatal deaths (P <0.001). Conclusion: Tools play a vital role for the implication of the knowledge into practices and tools were available almost to every participant. Although few barriers also identified for the less application of the helping hand babies trainings in the community.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Screening in Female Osteoporosis Patients—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2344
Author(s):  
Franca Genest ◽  
Dominik Rak ◽  
Elisa Bätz ◽  
Kerstin Ott ◽  
Lothar Seefried
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Not At Risk

Sarcopenia and malnutrition are important determinants of increased fracture risk in osteoporosis. SARC-F and MNA-SF are well-established questionnaires for identifying patients at risk for these conditions. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and potential added benefit of such assessments as well as the actual prevalence of these conditions in osteoporosis patients. We conducted a cross-sectional, single-center study in female osteoporosis patients ≥ 65 years (SaNSiBaR-study). Results of the sarcopenia (SARC-F) and malnutrition (MNA-SF) screening questionnaires were matched with a functional assessment for sarcopenia and data from patients’ medical records. Out of 107 patients included in the analysis, a risk for sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4 points) and a risk for malnutrition (MNA-SF ≤ 11 points) was found in 33 (30.8%) and 38 (35.5%) patients, respectively. Diagnostic overlap with coincident indicative findings in both questionnaires was observed in 17 patients (16%). As compared to the respective not-at-risk groups, the mean short physical performance battery (SPPB) score was significantly reduced in both patients at risk for sarcopenia (7.0 vs. 10.9 points, p < 0.001) and patients at risk for malnutrition (8.7 vs. 10.5 points, p = 0.005). Still, confirmed sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 criteria was present in only 6 (6%) of all 107 patients, with only 3 of them having an indicative SARC-F score. Bone mineral density was not significantly different in any of the at-risk groups at any site. In summary, applying SARC-F and MNA-SF in osteoporosis patients appears to be a complementary approach to identify individuals with functional deficits.

scholarly journals Factors associated with risk of malnutrition in the elderly in south-eastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Damião ◽  
Álvaro da Silva Santos ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Paulo Rossi Menezes
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition risk and its association with socioeconomic, behavioral, and health characteristics in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional study with individuals aged ≥ 60 years. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Socioeconomic, behavioral, and health information was also collected from all participants. The association between each variable and the risk of malnutrition was calculated and adjusted using Poisson hierarchical regression. Results: The initial sample consisted of 3,101 elderly people, of whom 28.3% (95%CI 25.3 - 31.4%) were at risk of malnutrition. The multivariate analysis showed that the risk of malnutrition was significantly higher in women without formal education, who did not live with a partner, and identified as black-skinned. The risk of malnutrition was twice as high in individuals with no family income as compared to those who earned at least three minimum wages. Smokers were also more likely to be at risk of malnutrition than individuals who had never smoked. Participants suffering from kidney, respiratory or heart disease were at higher risk of malnutrition than those with no history of such illnesses. Conclusion: These findings could be used to help in the development of health policies and in the establishment of adequate programs aimed at reducing the risk of malnutrition in this population.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practices during the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Middle East: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4699
Author(s):  
Abdallah Y. Naser ◽  
Eman Zmaily Dahmash ◽  
Zahra Khalil Alsairafi ◽  
Hassan Alwafi ◽  
Hamad Alyami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scale Scores

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of the general public in the Middle Eastern countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted between the 19th of March and the 6th of April 2020 in three Middle Eastern countries (Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait) to explore the knowledge and practices of the Middle Eastern population regarding COVID-19. A previously developed questionnaire was adapted and used for this study. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of COVID-19 knowledge. Results: A total of 1208 participants (members of the public) participated from the three countries (Jordan = 389, Saudi Arabia = 433, and Kuwait = 386). The majority of participants (n = 810, 67.2%) were females aged 30 to 49 years (n = 501, 41.5%). Participants had moderate overall COVID-19 knowledge, with a mean (SD) score of 7.93 (±1.72) out of 12 (66.1%). Participants had better knowledge about disease prevention and control (83.0%), whereas the lowest sub-scale scores were for questions about disease transmission routes (43.3%). High education level was an important predictor of greater COVID-19 knowledge scores (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Further public education is needed to address the relatively low level of education regarding the transmission of COVID-19 in the Middle Eastern countries. Policymakers are recommended to develop informative COVID-19 related campaigns that specifically target young people (university students), unemployed individuals, and those with lower levels of education.

scholarly journals Nutritional status assessment of elderly using MNA tool in rural Belagavi: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4799
Author(s):  
D. J. Patil ◽  
M. M. Shindhe
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Health Effects

Background: Worldwide the elderly population gradually increasing and that will definitely pose several challenges. Malnutrition is one of the major but neglected problem in elderly. They are at risk of malnutrition due to physical, psychological, social, dietary and environmental risk factors. Malnutrition in elderly is associated with adverse health effects. Hence to study the nutritional status of elderly.Methods: The study was carried out between January 2016- June 2017. 545 elderly were included in the study. Out of the 6 subcentres, 1 subcentre (Uchagaon) was selected by simple random sampling technique and house to house survey was carried out to select eligible elderly participants in the villages of selected subcentre. Data was collected from eligible elderly by using mini nutritional assessment (MNA) tool.Results: Majority of the participants (65.1%) were between the age group of 60-69 years. 55% were females. 23.5% were malnourished, 49% were at risk of malnutrition and 27.5% had normal nutritional status.Conclusions: The present study concluded that majority of the elderly were at risk of malnutrition. There is a need of actions to improve the nutritional status of the elderly.

scholarly journals Risk factors for fear of falling in the elderly in Serbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 764-772
Author(s):  
Suncica Ivanovic ◽  
Sanja Trgovcevic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Study Results

Background/Aim. After a fall, the elderly can develop a fear of falling which can be more frequent and more serious problem than the fall itself because it represents the main factor limiting an older person in his/her everyday functioning. The aim of this study was to identify and examine, in a more detailed way, risk factors for developing fear of falling triggered by the history of their falls over the previous year in the elderly in Serbia who live in houses or apartments. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 people, mean age 75.04 years (min. 65, max. 94), randomly selected from the register of patients in the Primary Health Center of Nis (164 men and 236 women), in the period January- June 2014. Socio-demographic questionnaire ? Elderly Fall Screening Test (EFST), Multi-Factor Questionnaire Falls (MFQ) and Falls Efficacy Scale International (FESI) were used in this study. Results. After applying the multivariate binary logistic regression, it was found that significant predictors for developing fear of falling were as follows: female gender (OR = 2.599; p = 0.009), age 75?79 years (OR = 4.637; p = 0.009) and over 80 years (OR = 3.830; p = 0.001), increase in household members (OR = 1.206; p = 0.033), people who estimate their health as average (OR = 0.268; p < 0.001) and good (OR = 0.059; p < 0.001), number of falls higher than 2 (OR = 2.761; p = 0.003), presence of injuries during the fall (OR = 2.483; p = 0.028), periodical and repeating situations of ?near-fall? (OR = 3.830; p = 0.001), limited activity (OR = 2.124; p = 0.007) problems with sight (OR = 3.006; p < 0.001), cognitive problems (OR = 2.296; p = 0.005) and problems with balance (OR = 3.809; p < 0.001). Conclusion. The results of this study can be used for planning promotional programs for falls and a fear of falling prevention, as well as prevention of their consequences.

scholarly journals Dengue: awareness, preventive practices and water storage behaviour in an urban community of Delhi

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4460
Author(s):  
Priya Arora ◽  
Manisha Arora ◽  
Vishal Sharma ◽  
Atul Kotwal
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Dengue Control

Background: Dengue, an arboviral disease transmitted by Aedes egypti mosquito, has become an important public health problem, with almost half the population of the world being at risk. Community awareness and involvement for vector control is an important aspect of disease prevention and control. The aims and objective was to assess awareness and preventive practices used for dengue and related water storage behaviour in an urban area of Delhi. Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross sectional study. Results: Awareness about dengue fever and its mode of spread is quite high but the participants are not aware about the practices that are putting their surroundings at risk of vector breeding; especially when it comes to water storage behaviour. Conclusions: Behaviour change at individual and community level is essential for vector and hence dengue control, adoption of proper preventive practices and water storage behaviour needs to be emphasized at the community level. 

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude toward coronavirus disease 19 pandemic among Saudi Arabia population: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110524
Author(s):  
Talal Shaikhain ◽  
Faisal Al-Husayni ◽  
Ghufran Bukhari ◽  
Bushra Alhawsa ◽  
Nora Shalabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Coronavirus disease 19 is a pandemic affecting millions worldwide. Since February 2020, new cases are reported in Saudi Arabia, and regulations have been imposed to control the spread of the disease and raise awareness. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of the Kingdom’s residents toward coronavirus disease 19 during the early stages of the pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional study of 2071 participants who were recruited from various cities in Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was shared through social media, which contained questions about demographic data, general knowledge of coronavirus disease 19, and participants’ attitudes. Results: The mean age of the study population was 34 ± 12.4 years. Most of the participants agreed that coronavirus disease 19 is a pandemic and is more serious than seasonal influenza. More than 90% believed that handwashing and social distancing are effective in preventing disease transmission. No significant results were observed when comparing the knowledge of high-risk participants and the normal population. More than half of the cohort were strictly compliant with curfew regulations, handwashing, and face mask. Around 80% of the population is following coronavirus disease 19 news and information through official authorities’ press releases. Conclusion: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia residents showed decent knowledge of coronavirus disease 19. Nevertheless, some information needs emphasizing and proper education. Frequent communication between healthcare authorities and the public is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Ticks infesting humans and associated pathogens: a cross-sectional study in a 3-year period (2017–2019) in northwest Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Audino ◽  
Alessandra Pautasso ◽  
Veronica Bellavia ◽  
Valerio Carta ◽  
Alessio Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Biomolecular Analysis

Abstract Background Tick-borne diseases are common throughout Europe. Ticks transmit pathogens to the host while feeding and together with mosquitoes, they are major vectors of infectious agents worldwide. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the incidence of tick-bite events and tick-borne disease in northwest Italy, but information on the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks removed from humans remains scarce. To fill this gap, we report here the prevalence of tick bites and tick-borne pathogens documented for humans in Piedmont, northwest Italy, in the 3-year period 2017–2019. Methods Ticks attached to humans during 2017–2019 were collected from residents of urban and rural area by physicians and veterinarians working with local veterinary agencies. All ticks (n = 1290) were morphologically identified to the species level. A subset of ticks removed from children (age 0–18 years) and the elderly (> 70 years), both age groups considered to be at-risk populations, was screened by biomolecular analysis to detect pathogens (e.g. Rickettsia spp., Borrelia spp., Anaplasma spp.). Pathogen identity was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Results Ticks were taxonomically assigned to ten species of six genera (Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Ixodes and Rhipicephalus). Most belonged to the genus Ixodes: 1009 ticks (78.22%) were classified as Ixodes ricinus. A subset of 500 ticks collected from the two at-risk populations were subjected to PCR assay to determine the presence of Rickettsia spp., Borrelia spp., and Anaplasma spp. The overall prevalence of infection was 22.8% (n = 114; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 19.19–26.73%), meaning that at least one pathogen was detected: Rickettsia spp. (prevalence 15%, n = 76; 95% CI 12.17–18.65%); Borrelia spp. (prevalence 6.4%, n = 32; 95% CI 4.42–8.92%); and Anaplasma spp. (prevalence 1.2%, n = 6; 95% CI 0.44–2.6%). Conclusions Our data underline the importance of surveillance in the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases and the implementation of strategies to control tick infestation and associated pathogens.

scholarly journals The Level of Expression of Anxiety and Depression in Clinical Health Care Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak in 2 Hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863292110332
Author(s):  
La Ngoc Quang ◽  
Nguyen Trung Kien ◽  
Pham Ngoc Anh ◽  
Dang Thi Van Anh ◽  
Tran Do Bao Nghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

The disease caused by the SARS-Cov 2 virus has spread to most areas of the world with high rates of infection and deaths. Facing the complicated developments of the epidemic, clinical medical staff (CMS) are at risk of suffering psychological pressure. This study aimed to investigate the situation of anxiety, depression, and related factors affecting CMS during the COVID-19 pandemic at Dong Da General Hospital and Dong Anh General Hospital in Hanoi. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2020 using self—administered questionnaires amongst 341 CMS. The participants’ anxiety levels were assessed using the standardized General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) toolkit and levels of depression expression were assessed based on the standardized Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) toolkit. Of the CMS who completed the questionnaire, 33.1% had an anxiety disorder and 23.2% exhibited mild to very severe depression. The factors associated with anxiety and depression were department of work, shortage of human resources, and discrimination from the community that directly affects the family of the CMS. The study results highlight the need for a training session to equip CMS with the skills required to cope with psychological stress in all circumstances in general and during the pandemic in particular. This training is especially important for those working in at-risk departments which are susceptible to infection.

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