PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK DAUN JARAK PAGAR DAN LIMBAH MINYAK GORENG SEBAGAI SABUN ANTIBAKTERI

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmi Aris ◽  
Ilyas Gistiana ◽  
Hafiizhoh Hanafia ◽  
Retno Arianingrum,M.Si.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Jatropha Curcas

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteriktik sabun dari limbah minyak goreng dengan bahan aditif ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas Linn) dan  menguji aktivitas bakterinya terhadap bakteri Staphylococus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Sabun dibuat melalui reaksi saponifikasi NaOH dengan limbah minyak goreng.antibakteri dengan bahan tambahan ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas Linn) berdasarkan persyaratan SNI dan aktifitas antibakteri sabun dengan ekstrak daun jarak pagar terhadap bakteri Staphylococus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu ekperimen laboratorium, dengan melakukan ekstraksi, pembuatan sabun, analisis karakteristik sabun dan uji aktifitas antibakteri. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa ektrak daun jarak pagar memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif fenol, saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid. Berdasarkan analisis ANOVA variasi konsentrasi ekstrak memberikan pengaruh sgnifikan pada pH dan kadar akali bebas sabun. Sabun menunjukan akivitas anti bakteri Staphylococus aureus dan Escherichia coli yag diketahui melalui pengukuran zona bening. Penelitian ini dapat diaplikasikan dimasyarakat sehinga memiliki prospek yang baik dari segi lingkungan dan ekonomi.

Phytochemical Content, Radical Scavenging and Antibacterial Properties of Aqueous Extract of Jatropha curcas Linn Leaves

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O B Oloyede
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Proteus Species

This study investigated phytochemical content, radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of aqueous extract of leaves of Jatropha curcas Linn. Quantitative phytochemical analyses of alkaloids, phenols, tannins and flavonoids contents were carried out; radical scavenging activity was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydrogen peroxide inhibition assays while Disc diffusion and Agar well (ditch) diffusion methods were used for antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphilococcus aureus and Proteus species at 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/mL. The extract contained alkaloids (1.600± 0.58 %), tannins (0.121 ± 0.00 mg/mL), phenols (0.463 ± 0.06 mg/mL) and flavonoids (0.672 ± 0.00 mg/mL), and showed radical scavenging activities against DPPH (IC50 = 21.24) and hydrogen peroxide (15.67 mg/mL) which were less than that of Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA); IC50 = 3.92 (DPPH) and 6.19 mg/mL (hydrogen peroxide) respectively. It also showed antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 250 and 500 mg/ml (MIC = 125 mg/mL), which were resistant to ampicillin, chloxacillin and erythromycin, and the extract was inactive against Staphilococcus aureus and Proteus species at these concentrations, though all were sensitive to gentamycin. This shows that the aqueous extract of leaves of Jatropha curcas Linn may possess some of the folkloric properties claimed.

scholarly journals An Escherichia coli Cell Membrane Chromatography-Offline LC-TOF-MS Method for Screening and Identifying Antimicrobial Peptides from Jatropha curcas Meal Protein Isolate Hydrolysates

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhui Xiao ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
Tof Ms

A novel, simple, and rapid method, named cell membrane affinity extraction (CMAE)–offline liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS) was developed for screening and identifying antimicrobial peptides from Jatropha curcas meal protein isolate hydrolysates (JCMPIH) obtained by proteolytic enzyme (pepsin, trypsin, protamex, neutrase, flavourzyme, papain, alcalase, and acid protease) hydrolysis. A cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAILTHKR, JCpep8) was successfully isolated and identified by this method. Antimicrobial assay indicated that JCpep8 was active against the tested microorganisms ( Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 51302, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27553, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 23631, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619) with minimal inhibitory concentration values ranging from 29 to 68 µg/mL. JCpep8 induced significant morphological alterations of the tested microbe surfaces, as shown by transmission electron microscopy, indicating strong membrane disruption. The results showed that CMAE-offline LC-TOF-MS could be a promising method for discovering high-throughput screening antimicrobial peptides from JCMPIH.

Antimicrobial Activity of New Phorbins from Jatropha curcas Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) Leaves

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Irene M. Villaseñor ◽  
Flerida A. Cariño
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Pheophorbide A ◽  
Mycobacterium Phlei ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

The crude methanol extract of Jatropha curcas leaves exhibited activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium phlei, Candida albicans, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes but was inactive against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In a bioassay-directed fractionation, two new phorbins were isolated and analysed by spectroscopic methods. Isolate 1 was characterized as an analogue of pheophytin b with a phytyl moiety containing three double bonds which are at positions P2/P3, P6/P7, and P10/P11. Compound 2 was characterized as methyl pheophorbide a with 132-OH and 17- and 171-CH3 moieties. It is active against Serratia marcescens.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Potentials of Seeed Oils of Jatropha Curcas and Tamarindus Indica

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Bilya Abdu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fragmentation Pattern ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Jatropha Seeds

Oils of the dry seeds of Jatropha curcas and Tamarindus indica plants grown in Nigeria were obtained by maceration using n-Hexane. GC/MS analysis was performed using a Shimadzu QP2010plus series gas chromatography coupled with Shimadzu QP2010 mass spectroscopy detector. Characterization of constituents was done by comparison with the MS library (NIST) and further confirmed by interpreting the observed fragmentation pattern. Comparison of the mass spectra with the database on MS library revealed about 90-95% match. The antimicrobial screening of the oils were also performed for oils from the species: Jatropha curcas (Jatropha seeds) which was active against Aspergillus niger and Tamarindus indica (Tamarind) which showed antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus and Escherichia coli The most common major constituents of the fixed oils: were 14-methyl pendecanoic acid methyl ester 13.71%, 11-octadecanoic acid methyl ester 23.68%, Heptacosanoic acid methyl ester 10.22% and 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester 17.44% for the Tamarindus indica While for Jatropha seeds oil 14- methylpentadecenoic acid methyl ester 12.31%, Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester 7.75%, 11- octadecanoic acid methyl ester 43.32% and 9- octadecenoic acid methyl ester 21.98% were obtained. Minimum inhibition concentrations of 12.50mg/ml were recorded for all test organisms by Jatropha seeds oil except for Escherichia coli which showed 6.25mg/ml. Both Tamarindus indica and Jatropha curcas showed minimum bactericidal activities at 12.50mg/ml were evaluated for all the samples. Recommendations for further research were also proffered.

scholarly journals Estudo da Atividade Antimicrobiana das Folhas de Jatrophacurcas L. frente ao Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli/ Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Leave of Jatropha curcas L. against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Amanda Venturini Arantes ◽  
Mariléia Chaves Andrade ◽  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Mueller Hinton

Objetivos: O presente estudo investigou a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato obtido das folhas de Jatropha curcas L., frente às bactérias Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli isoladas de pacientes de um Hospital Escola do sul de Minas Gerais. Metodologia: Foi realizado o teste da Microdiluição em placas de 96 poços. Colocou-se 50µl de Ágar Mueller Hinton em todos os poços, seguidos de 50µl do extrato da planta em diferentes concentrações (25 a 200 mg/mL) nas colunas apropriadas e em seguida, 10µl de cada cepa bacteriana na concentração de 0,5 de McFarland em solução salina estéril. Seguiu-se a incubação em estufa de 35ºC por 24h. Posteriormente, realizou-se a revelação pela adição de 20 µL de Cloreto de Trifenil Tetrezólico e análise dos resultados pela coloração. Em cada placa foi realizado um controle positivo e negativo. Resultados: Houve efeito inibitório do crescimento microbiano de S. aureus e E. coli perante extratos de Jatropha Curcas L. nas concentrações de 50mg a 200mg. Apenas na concentração de 25mg não houve efeito inibitório diante de E. coli e S. aureus. Conclusão: O extrato bruto de Jatropha curcas L. apresentou atividade inibitória do crescimento de colônias de Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli isoladas de pacientes de um hospital escola do sul de Minas Gerais, nas concentrações 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 e 200mg/ml.  Palavras-chave: Jatropha curcas L.; Antimicrobiano; Fitoterapia.    ABSTRACT Objectives: This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of the extract obtained from the leaves of Jatropha curcas L., on the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from patients at a university hospital in southern Minas Gerais. Methodology: The microdilution test was made in plates of 96 wells. An amount of 50mL of Mueller Hinton agar was placed into each well, followed by 50mL of plant extract in different concentrations (25-200 mg / ml) in the appropriate columns, and then 10ml of each bacterial strain at a concentration of 0.5 McFarland in sterile saline solution. This was followed by incubation in an oven at 35°C temperature for 24h. Then development was performed by adding 20 µl Chloride Triphenyl Tetrezólico and analysis of results for staining. In each plate it was made a positive and a negative control. Results: There was a microbial growth inhibitory effect of S. aureus and E. coli before extracts of Jatropha curcas L. at concentrations of 50mg to 200mg. That is, at the concentration of 25mg no inhibitory effect on E. coli and S. aureus. Conclusion: The crude extract of Jatropha curcas L. showed inhibitory activity against the growth of colonies of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli isolated from patients at a university hospital in southern Minas Gerais in the concentrations 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200mg/ml.  Keywords: Jatropha curcas L.; Antimicrobial; Phytotherapy.

Structural organization of escherichia coli ribosomes as determined by immuno electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stöffler ◽  
R.W. Bald ◽  
J. Dieckhoff ◽  
H. Eckhard ◽  
R. Lührmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Antibody Binding ◽  
Immuno Electron Microscopy

A central step towards an understanding of the structure and function of the Escherichia coli ribosome, a large multicomponent assembly, is the elucidation of the spatial arrangement of its 54 proteins and its three rRNA molecules. The structural organization of ribosomal components has been investigated by a number of experimental approaches. Specific antibodies directed against each of the 54 ribosomal proteins of Escherichia coli have been performed to examine antibody-subunit complexes by electron microscopy. The position of the bound antibody, specific for a particular protein, can be determined; it indicates the location of the corresponding protein on the ribosomal surface.The three-dimensional distribution of each of the 21 small subunit proteins on the ribosomal surface has been determined by immuno electron microscopy: the 21 proteins have been found exposed with altogether 43 antibody binding sites. Each one of 12 proteins showed antibody binding at remote positions on the subunit surface, indicating highly extended conformations of the proteins concerned within the 30S ribosomal subunit; the remaining proteins are, however, not necessarily globular in shape (Fig. 1).

Sites of Adsorption of the Bacteriophages T3 and T5 on the Wall of Escherichia Coli B.

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
Manfred E. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Receptor Sites ◽  
Rigid Cell Wall ◽  
Host Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Viruses ◽  
Escherichia Coli B

Bacterial viruses adsorb specifically to receptors on the host cell surface. Although the chemical composition of some of the cell wall receptors for bacteriophages of the T-series has been described and the number of receptor sites has been estimated to be 150 to 300 per E. coli cell, the localization of the sites on the bacterial wall has been unknown.When logarithmically growing cells of E. coli are transferred into a medium containing 20% sucrose, the cells plasmolize: the protoplast shrinks and becomes separated from the somewhat rigid cell wall. When these cells are fixed in 8% Formaldehyde, post-fixed in OsO4/uranyl acetate, embedded in Vestopal W, then cut in an ultramicrotome and observed with the electron microscope, the separation of protoplast and wall becomes clearly visible, (Fig. 1, 2). At a number of locations however, the protoplasmic membrane adheres to the wall even under the considerable pull of the shrinking protoplast. Thus numerous connecting bridges are maintained between protoplast and cell wall. Estimations of the total number of such wall/membrane associations yield a number of about 300 per cell.

Infection of Escherichia coli with bacteriophages

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 370-371
Author(s):  
Manfred E. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Adsorption Site ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Bacterial Receptors

The first step in the infection of a bacterium by a virus consists of a collision between cell and bacteriophage. The presence of virus-specific receptors on the cell surface will trigger a number of events leading eventually to release of the phage nucleic acid. The execution of the various "steps" in the infection process varies from one virus-type to the other, depending on the anatomy of the virus. Small viruses like ØX 174 and MS2 adsorb directly with their capsid to the bacterial receptors, while other phages possess attachment organelles of varying complexity. In bacteriophages T3 (Fig. 1) and T7 the small conical processes of their heads point toward the adsorption site; a welldefined baseplate is attached to the head of P22; heads without baseplates are not infective.

The Nature of the Intramembrane Particle

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 688-691
Author(s):  
A.J. Verkleij
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Gap Junction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fracture Face ◽  
Band 3 Protein ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Freeze Fracturing ◽  
Intramembrane Particle ◽  
Luminal Membrane

Freeze-fracturing splits membranes into two helves, thus allowing an examination of the membrane interior. The 5-10 rm particles visible on both monolayers are widely assumed to be proteinaceous in nature. Most membranes do not reveal impressions complementary to particles on the opposite fracture face, if the membranes are fractured under conditions without etching. Even if it is considered that shadowing, contamination or fracturing itself might obscure complementary pits', there is no satisfactory explanation why under similar physical circimstances matching halves of other membranes can be visualized. A prominent example of uncomplementarity is found in the erythrocyte manbrane. It is wall established that band 3 protein and possibly glycophorin represents these nonccmplanentary particles. On the other hand a number of membrane types show pits opposite the particles. Scme well known examples are the ";gap junction',"; tight junction, the luminal membrane of the bladder epithelial cells and the outer membrane of Escherichia coli.

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