Funeral and Bereavement Rituals of Kota Indians and Orthodox Jews

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene S. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Orthodox Jews ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anticipatory Socialization ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
World Today ◽  
Close Parallel

Two ancient subcultures, the Kota Indians and Orthodox Jews, existing in the contemporary world today, practice funeral and bereavement rituals as they did in past centuries. Although these societies differ greatly, their rituals are in close parallel. These rituals show respect for the body of the deceased, remove the defiling spirit, assure its proper arrival to the afterlife, and assist the bereaved. The expression of grief is encouraged through a prolonged and graduated bereavement period. A clearly defined emotional closure limits grief and acknowledges the continuation of life. The requirement of community involvement relieves the mourner from isolation and provides the comforters with an opportunity for anticipatory socialization.

The Concept of treaty in Islamic Jurisprudence: A comparative view of the classical jurists

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Labeeb Bsoul
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Third ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Shed Light

This article aims to shed light on a particular area in the field of Islamic International law (siyar) treaty in Islamic jurisprudence. It addresses a comparative view of classical jurists of treaties both theoretically and historically and highlights their continued relevance to the contemporary world. Since the concept of treaty a lacuna in scholarship as well as the familiar of international legal theorists to study and integrate the Islamic treaty system into the body of modern international law in order to have a mutual understanding and respect and honor for treaties among nations. I would like to present a series of three parts the first one addresses the concept of treaty in Islamic jurisprudence the second addresses the process of drafting treaties and their conclusion and the third addresses selected treaties, including the treaty of H{udaybiya that took place between Muslims and non-Muslims..

Barre Matters: Hybrid Formations of Ballet and Group Fitness

Somatechnics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Pirkko Markula
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
The Body ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Gendered Identities ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Fitness Industry ◽  
Body Ideal ◽  
Health Eating

Employing a variety of theoretical approaches, feminist researchers have critiqued the fitness industry of its singular emphasis on the impossible, narrowly defined feminine body ideal that is likely to cause more mental (e.g., body dissatisfaction) and physical ill health (eating disorders, injuries) than improve fitness. With the focus on social construction of gendered identities, there has been less problematisation of the materiality of the fitness practices and their impact on the cultural production of the moving body. In this article, I adopt a Latourian approach to seek for a more complete account of the body in motion and how it matters in the contemporary world. A barre class as a popular group exercise class that combines ballet and exercise modalities offers a location for such an examination due to the centrality of a non-human object, the barre, that distinguishes it from other group exercise classes. I consider how exercise practices may be constituted in relation to a material object, the barre, and how the physical and material intersect, historically, with the cultural politics of fitness and dance from where the barre originates. To do this, I trace the journey of the barre from ballet training to the fitness industry to illustrate how human and non-human associations create a hybrid collective.

scholarly journals CORPO, IMAGEM & ESCRITA

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1.2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Esther Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sharp Contrast ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Peter Greenaway ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the presence of the body in contemporary art and culture, with reference to the relationship between body, image and writing in the encyclopedic work of Peter Greenaway - more specifically in his 1996 film The Pillow Book. The aim is to show how the sign body, taken from the perspective of multiplicity, occupies a privileged place in the repertoire of images and concepts of the British artist, in sharp contrast to the marketing vision of the body that prevails in contemporary world.

Counting on the body: Techniques of embodied digitality

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 2242-2260
Author(s):  
Jason Puskar
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Human Reason ◽  
Human Control ◽  
World Today ◽  
Finger Counting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Body Techniques

By recovering the history of simple finger counting techniques and their relevance to a wide range of enumerative and calculative technologies, this article argues that human fingers have long shaped the digital, and more importantly, that the digital has long shaped the fingers. The interfaces of calculating machines from the Roman abacus to the touchscreen calculators mathematize the body in very specific and consistent ways, such that the fingers have come to connote human reason just as fluids such as tears have come to connote human feeling. This embodied digitality naturalizes and humanizes the digital in ways that we have too often taken for granted. Digital calculating machines are not just utilitarian instruments under human control, but engines of hominization that, across much of the world today, define what it means to be human.

scholarly journals Soft power in recycling spaces: Exploring spatial impacts of regeneration and youth entrepreneurship in Southern Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 632-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Scaffidi
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Youth Entrepreneurship ◽  
Spatial Impacts

Throughout the last decades, more and more attention in academics and practice has been given to ‘social’ topics such as community involvement, active citizenship, commoning processes. Considering this trend, it is possible to notice an abuse of these terms, contributing to the ‘social washing’ and feeding the risk of instrumentalisation. Starting from the analysis of the state of the art and comparing two cases, the paper aims to evaluate the outcomes of neglected sites recycling with socially innovative initiatives. At the centre of the debate are social enterprises, non-profit entities whose ambition is to create social benefits and new economic solutions for a better use of local resources over time. Considering this purpose, the research investigated the European scenario of Southern Italy, characterised by demographic transition and youth migration. The research adopted qualitative, quantitative and comparative methods. The two cases analysed and compared are Periferica of Mazara del Vallo and ExFadda of San Vito dei Normanni. Both are the result of local resources reactivation and youth entrepreneurship policies. These creative centres are managed by social enterprises. Their actions and activities affect the places producing social, economic, cultural and spatial impacts. However, behind these initiatives lies the soft power, a power able to shape people perceptions through culture. The research illustrates the process outcomes and evaluates its positive and negative impacts to the site and its surroundings. In conclusion, the research is conceived as a contribution to the body of knowledge and the basis for future researches and practical models for the socially innovative recycling of disused resources in urban–rural context.

The relationship of family structure and women’s sport education in the Gokturk state

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 884-889
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Kepoğlu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Women's Sport ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Relationship Of

Examining the ethnogenesis system of the Gokturk state, family structure, sports that they formed mainly in war physical education and the involvement of Gokturk women with sports were tried to be determined. The meta-analysis method has been used to achieve this goal. In the early periods of history, the Gokturks gave rights similar to the rights that today's modern law grants to women and children. The family order in Gokturk nation gave each family member some rights and responsibilities while the buying and selling of women and children as goods in other societies, where the father had all kinds of savings on women and children, were common. We can explain the body control and regulation of the Gokturk state as follows: biopolitics for women and men in the archaic period did not differ, even if it differed in the contemporary world. Although the main duty of women is motherhood, they have dealt with all kinds of sports as in the case of the female heroes (inscriptions, epics, rock paintings, kurgans and miniatures). According to the data obtained, social life in the Gokturk state has been constructed in parallel with today's modern concept of gender. Female and male Gokturks were subjected to a physical education that would take part in attack-defense in wartime and in the economy in peacetime (heroism, blacksmithing, mud-brickwork, handicrafts, housework, trade, etc.).

Bodies

2020 ◽  
pp. 146-192
Author(s):  
Robert Wuthnow
Keyword(s):  
Orthodox Jews ◽  
The Body ◽  
Propositional Knowledge ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Buddhist Meditation ◽  
Knowledge And Beliefs ◽  
How People Learn ◽  
Bodily Sensations

This chapter addresses the role of bodies, which has been the focus of increasing interest in studies of religion. It explains how bodies are involved in religious practices conducted by people in concrete situations. It analyzes the extent and varied ways bodies are involved in religion, such as in comparisons of Muslim prayers, clothing of Orthodox Jews, and postures involved in Buddhist meditation. The chapter also describes the kinds of somatic and kinesthetic imprint religious activities may have on the body and how people learn or unlearn these bodily sensations. It reviews the treatments of topics on bodies that have matured beyond the discussions a quarter century ago in which embodiment was advanced as an epistemological move from which to question the centrality of ideas, propositional knowledge, and beliefs.

People of the book, women of the body

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Raucher
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Life ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Orthodox Jews ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Embodied Experiences ◽  
Advice Books ◽  
Dominant Paradigm

Jews have often been referred to as ‘People of the book.’ This is because books, specifically those that contain rabbinic legal discourse, are understood to be authoritative guides for Jewish life, and those who have achieved mastery in the content of the books are considered authorities. Although ‘people of the book’ is often used to refer to all Jews, book culture has been almost entirely constructed by men, particularly among ultra-Orthodox Jews. This article offers a different framework, one which sees women’s religious authority growing out of embodied experiences. Haredi (ultra-Orthodox) women challenge the dominant paradigm for religious authority by insisting that their pregnant bodies replace books and rabbis. While a woman’s body might be seen as an impediment to her religious authority, I argue that women become capable of exercising religious authority through their embodied experiences of bearing children. During my two years of ethnographic research with Haredi women in Jerusalem, I found that after giving birth to two or three children, Haredi women felt authorized to make decisions about their pregnancies without consulting a rabbi. After a woman has two or three children, she develops what I refer to as ‘reproductive literacy,’ meaning she knows how to use her embodied reproductive experiences as knowledge, expertise, and thus authority over reproduction. Through a close reading of pregnancy advice books and an analysis of how Haredi women use these books, I show that how Haredi women embody authority to make decisions about the maintenance and continuation of Haredi life. 

Mana, Macht und Mythen

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bargatzky
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Traditional Society ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Universe

We should avoid the disrespect involved in giving mythic and religious facts less importance than they actually have in the life of non-Western indigenous peoples. This book deals with mythologic ideas which inhere in the ritual reproduction of the body politic in the actions of contemporary peoples in Australia and Oceania who still depend on the functioning of family and clan. By ritual fusion and compartmentalization, they successfully manage to live in the modern world without abandoning certain essential elements of their pre-European religious and civic cultures. By expediently switching codes, they can continue to act according to the rules of traditional society and perform as citizens of the contemporary world. The conception of myth as a rational way to explain the universe by rendering it meaningful is a necessary prerequisite for our understanding of the ways of peoples whose cultures are rooted in the past but who can perform successfully in the modern world.

The fragmentation and consolidation of international systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Stability Theory ◽  
International System ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
World Today ◽  
The World ◽  
International Systems ◽  
Hegemonic Stability

The world today, Benjamin Barber points out, is “falling precipitantly apart and coming reluctantly together at the very same moment.” While states from Canada to India are threatened with breakup due to fractious nationalist impulses of their peoples, the power of technology and markets is forcing ever-tighter economic integration worldwide. From a common-sense perspective, these two impulses are among the most important processes in contemporary world politics. Yet, there has been remarkably little attention paid to developing a theory of the international system that examines the effects of both. Hegemonic stability theory considers economic integration but not nationalism; the few studies of nationalism as a systemic force play down the effects of economic integration; and neorealism, the most widely accepted theory of the international system, has no room to address either trend. The field is, partly as a result, a cacaphony of voices largely talking past one another.

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