Psychiatric Referral and Medical History of Outpatients in a General Hospital

1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-354
Author(s):  
Frans G. Zitman ◽  
Henk M. Van Der Ploeg
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Social Class ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Pain Clinic ◽  
Medical Specialist ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
Psychiatric Referral ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lower Social Class

Outpatients of the Department of Internal Medicine with an early psychiatric referral (within twelve weeks), when compared with outpatients of the same department referred to the psychiatrist at a later stage or not at all, were found to be ten years younger when the complaints started, when they first visited the G.P. and (later) a medical specialist, and at the time of the investigation. They had visited more medical specialists and had been admitted to hospital more frequently. Outpatients of the pain clinic with an early psychiatric referral (within six weeks), when compared with outpatients of the same department referred to the psychiatrist later or not at all were eleven years younger when the complaints started and eight years younger when they first visited the G.P. They were referred later to a medical specialist, visited more medical specialists, and belonged to a lower social class and income group. The results are discussed and compared with those of inpatient-studies.

Preparedness to Accept Psychiatric Referral

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker ◽  
Mark Tracy ◽  
Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Referral Pattern ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Psychiatric Referral ◽  
Community Psychiatric ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Lower Social Class

A survey of 312 patients attending 13 Sydney general practices suggested that preparedness to accept psychiatric referral by a general practitioner related most clearly to preparedness to consult the general practitioner in the first instance and the perceived likelihood of the general practitioner suggesting a psychological problem, while the sociodemographic characteristics of the patient did not appear of relevance. Data on actual psychiatric referrals by the contributing general practitioners suggested a higher psychiatric referral by practices in lower social class regions of Sydney and a differential referral pattern, with referral to a community psychiatric facility being rare in other than low social class general practices.

scholarly journals DIABETIC PATIENTS;

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (05) ◽  
pp. 998-1004
Author(s):  
Rizwana Kitchlew ◽  
Syed Abdullah Mazhar ◽  
Ilyas Baig Mirza ◽  
Ahmed Raza Jaffri
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Random Blood Sugar ◽  
History Record ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
Sugar Levels

Objective: To study the clinical profile of diabetic patients on haemodialysiswith a view to identify common clinical features and the trend of compliance with treatment andfollow up. Place and Duration of study: Haemodialysis unit Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore,from January to August 2011. Method: Data collected from all patients above 14 years of agethrough medical history, record, examination and fundoscopy. Results: Out of total 76 patientson haemodialysis 50(65.7%) had DM and of these 42(84%) also had hypertension. Amongdiabetics 28 (56%) were male & 22 (44%) female. Mean age was 56.68 ± 9.09. Among these15(30%) were illiterate and 27 (54%) belonged to lower social class. Ever smokers were 18(36%).Mean duration of diabetes since diagnosis was 10.9 ± 5.99. Mean duration of hypertension8.28 ± 8.07, Duration of onset of dialysis 6 months to 8 years with mean 2.16±1.47. Retinopathywas found in 29(58%), 18(36%) had diabetic &11(22%) had hypertensive changes. Both fastingand random blood sugar levels were monitored by 28 (56%). None had regular follow up withHbA1c levels or urine for protienuria prior to onset of haemodialysis. Compliance with dietaryadvice & treatment claimed by 24(48%) and 36(72%) respectively. History of intake of Hakeemand homeopathic medications was found in 16(32%) and 10(20%) respectively. Conclusions:65.7% of ESRD were diabetics. Majority were in 6th decade of life. Retinopathy was present in58%. Low trend was observed towards compliance with treatment &follow up.

‘Urfi marriage, an Egyptian Version of Cohabitation?

1970 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Ikran Eum
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
The State ◽  
Sexual Desires ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
State Pension

In Egypt, the term ‘urfi2 in relation to marriage means literally “customary” marriage, something that has always existed in Egypt but nowadays tends mostly to be secretly practiced among young people. Traditionally, according to Abaza,3 ‘urfi marriage took place not only for practical purposes (such as enabling widows to remarry while keeping the state pension of their deceased husbands), but also as a way of matchmaking across classes (since men from the upper classes use ‘urfi marriage as a way of marrying a second wife from a lower social class). In this way a man could satisfy his sexual desires while retaining his honor by preserving his marriage to the first wife and his position in the community to which he belonged, and keeping his second marriage secret.

Social class and envy among Chinese undergraduates: Victim justice sensitivity as a mediator

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
You-Juan Hong ◽  
Rong-Mao Lin ◽  
Rong Lian
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Scholarly Research ◽  
Justice Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
Subjective Social Class ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Undergraduates

We examined the relationship between social class and envy, and the role of victim justice sensitivity in this relationship among a group of 1,405 Chinese undergraduates. The students completed measures of subjective social class, victim justice sensitivity, and dispositional envy. The results show that a lower social class was significantly and negatively related to envy and victim justice sensitivity, whereas victim justice sensitivity was significantly and positively related to envy. As predicted, a lower social class was very closely correlated with envy. In addition, individuals with a lower (vs. higher) social class had a greater tendency toward victim justice sensitivity, which, in turn, increased their envy. Overall, our results advance scholarly research on the psychology of social hierarchy by clarifying the relationship between social class and the negative emotion of envy.

scholarly journals Analysis of the relationship between periodontitis and osteoporosis/fractures: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Jin Hong ◽  
Byoung-Eun Yang ◽  
Dae-Myoung Yoo ◽  
Sung-Jae Kim ◽  
Hyo-Geun Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease resulting in patients exhibiting high levels of inflammatory factors causing systemic inflammatory bone destruction that may lead to osteoporosis development. The association between periodontitis and osteoporosis has been documented; however, the findings remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the association between periodontitis and osteoporosis using a cross-sectional study design and Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) health examinee data. Methods This cross-sectional study used epidemiological data from the KoGES during 2004–2016. Of 125,324 participants (age, 40–79 years), 9969 with periodontitis and 115,332 controls (without periodontitis) were selected. We analyzed the history of osteoporosis and fractures of all participants. All participants were examined according to age, sex, income group, obesity, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and food intake. To analyze the odds ratio (OR) of periodontitis for those with osteoporosis and fractures, a logistic regression model was used. Results The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of periodontitis for osteoporosis was 2.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.01–2.31; P < 0.001). The aOR of periodontitis for any fracture was 1.54 (95% CI 1.46–1.62; P < 0.001). Conclusion Osteoporosis and fractures are associated with periodontitis. Performing regular oral hygiene and examinations of bone mineral density are recommended to prevent aggravation of osteoporosis and periodontitis.

From Pittacus to Byzantium: the history of a Callimachean epigram

1995 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-480
Author(s):  
Enrico Livrea
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Sharp Point ◽  
History Of

Callimachus,ep. 1 Pfeiffer (= LIV Gow-Page =AP7.89) relates an anecdote about Pittacus: when consulted by a stranger from Atarneus who was wondering whether to marry a woman of his own social class or one of a higher status, he suggests the question is answered by the cries of the children playing with tops, τν κατ ｃαντν ἔλα. The chequered history of the transmission and interpretation of the poem is beset by a number of unfavourable or patronizing judgements which, I hope to show, have their origin in a series of misunderstandings. The poem seems to lack the sharp point characteristic of epigrams, and indeed Gow-Page go so far as to pronounce that it ‘has no claim to be called an epigram at all’. We now have a number of valuable parallels for the unusual length of the piece, but grave doubts continue to be expressed about the Callimachean authorship of the poem. While Diogenes Laertius (henceforth referred to as ‘D.L.’), who quotes the poem in his life of Pittacus (1.79ff.), explicitly attributes it to καλλμαχοఁ ν τοῖఁ ’Epsilon;πιγρμμαఁιν, in P and PI there is no ascription at all: there our epigram has been mistakenly consigned to the ’ɛπιτμβια simply becauseAP7.81 (= Antipater XXXIV Gow-Page), on the Seven Sages, is followed by some fifty epigrams on them and other philosophers, all (save three) derived from D.L. In the Palatine ms. there survive traces of the questions raised by this poem, though—surprisingly—both Pfeiffer and Gow-Page fail to report them.

Epidemiology of the Systemic Inflamatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) at the Internal Medicine and Critical Care Departments in a General Hospital. The Importance of Early Diagnosis.

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. A160
Author(s):  
M. G. Sánchez ◽  
O. A. Maldonedo ◽  
J. Osorio ◽  
G. J. Franco ◽  
G. J.J. Elizalde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
General Hospital

Social Class and Wellbeing among Staff and Students in Higher Education Settings: Mapping the Problem and Exploring Underlying Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isla Dougall ◽  
Mario Weick ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
High Social Class ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Within Higher Education (HE), lower social class staff and students often experience poorer wellbeing than their higher social class counterparts. Previous research conducted outside educational contexts has linked social class differences in wellbeing with differences in the extent to which low and high social class individuals feel respected (i.e., status), in control (i.e., autonomy), and connected with others (i.e., inclusion). However, to our knowledge, there has been no research that has investigated these factors within HE settings. Furthermore, inclusion, status and autonomy are correlated, yet little is known about how these factors contribute to wellbeing simultaneously, and independently, of one another. To fill these gaps, we report the results of two studies; firstly with HE students (Study 1; N = 305), and secondly with HE staff (Study 2; N = 261). Consistently across studies, reports of poor wellbeing were relatively common and more than twice as prevalent amongst lower social class staff and students compared to higher social class staff and students. Inclusion, status and autonomy each made a unique contribution and accounted for the relationship between social class and wellbeing (fully amongst students, and partially amongst staff members). These relationships held across various operationalisations of social class and when examining a range of facets of wellbeing. Social class along with inclusion, status and autonomy explained a substantial 40% of the variance in wellbeing. The present research contributes to the literature exploring how social class intersects with social factors to impact the wellbeing of staff and students within HE.

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