scholarly journals Resistencia a los antihelmínticos en nematodos gastrointestinales de bovinos en municipios de Cundinamarca y Boyacá

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dildo Márquez ◽  
Gabriel Jiménez ◽  
Fredy García ◽  
Clara Garzón
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Cultivation Techniques ◽  
Confidence Interval Limit

<p>En 36 fincas lecheras de la Sabana de Bogotá, los Valles de Ubaté y Chiquinquirá y la Región del Tequendama (Cundinamarca, Colombia) se determinó la resistencia a los antihelmínticos en nematodos gastrointestinales de bovinos mediante la prueba <em>in vivo </em>de la reducción del conteo de huevos (RCH). En cada finca se seleccionaron 40 bovinos de tres a 12 meses de edad, los cuales se distribuyeron en cuatro grupos de 10 animales: 1) control (no tratado), 2) albendazol 25% (dosis: 5 mg/kg peso vivo), 3) ivermectina 1% (0,2 mg/kg) y 4) levamisol 18,8% (1 mg/kg). En cada grupo se identificaron mediante coprocultivos seis géneros de parásitos siendo <em>Cooperia spp. </em>el predominante. La resistencia se declaró cuando el porcentaje de RCH fue menor de 95% y el límite inferior del intervalo de confianza (95%), menor a 90. El 25% de las fincas presentó resistencia: en 17% se detectó resistencia al albendazol y en 8% a la ivermectina; para estos dos antihelmínticos, <em>Cooperia spp</em>. fue el nematodo gastrointestinal involucrado. El promedio de reducción de huevos por gramo de heces (<em>hpg</em>), luego de los tratamientos con ivermectina, albendazol y levamisol, fue de 97,89% ± 6% (66% - 100%), 95,9% ± 9,3% (51% - 100%) y 99,4% ± 0,92% (97,6% - 100%), respectivamente. No se detectó resistencia al levamisol. Los factores de riesgo asociados con la resistencia fueron: vermifugación de bovinos adultos, dosificación no acorde con el peso de los animales y uso de un mismo principio activo por un tiempo mayor de cuatro años. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Antihelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal bovine nematodes in municipalities of Cundinamarca and Boyaca (Colombia) </strong></p><p>A study was conducted in 36 farms of the Bogotá Savannah, Ubaté and Chiquinquirá Valleys and Tequendama Region (Cundinamarca), to determine via <em>in vivo </em>egg reduction count test (ERCT) antihelmintics resistance to bovine gastrointestinal nematodes. Resistance was determined in. 40 calves, three to 12 months of age, allotted to four groups of ten animals each one: 1) control (untreated); 2) albendazol 25% (5 mg/kg); 3) ivermectin 1% (0.2 mg/kg) and 4) levamisol 18.8% (1 mg/kg). By feces cultivation techniques, six genera were identified, <em>Cooperia spp</em>. being the predominant one. Resistance was determined when the ERCT was below 95% and the lowest 95% confidence interval limit was 90. Resistance was found in 25% of the farms: albendazol and ivermectin resistance was detected in 17% and 8% of the farms, respectively. <em>Cooperia spp. </em>was involved in both compounds. Average egg per gram (epg) of feces reduction after treatments with ivermectin, albendazol and levamisol, was 97.89% ± 6% (66% - 100%); 95.9% ± 9.3% (51% - 100%) and 99.4% ± 0.92% (97.6 - 100%), respectively. Resistance to levamisol was not detected. Risk factors associated with resistance were: worming of adult cattle, wrong dosage regarding body weight and use of the same active ingredient for more than four years. </p>

Influence of Concomitant Polypharmacy on Docetaxel-induced Febrile Neutropenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
KATSUYA MAKIHARA ◽  
YUKA SHIMEDA ◽  
TOMOKAZU MATSUMURA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Cytochromes P450 ◽  
Cyp3a4 Activity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cyp3a4 Inhibitors ◽  
Concomitant Medications ◽  
Main Factor

Background/Aim: Docetaxel (DTX) is metabolized by liver cytochromes P450 (CYP) 3A4 (CYP3A4) and 3A5 (CYP3A5) CYP3A4 activity is considered the main factor affecting the effectiveness in DTX clearance. We, therefore, explored the association between DTX-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) and concomitant polypharmacy involving CYP3A4 inhibitors in cancer patients. Patients and Methods: Among patients who received docetaxel, we compared the number of concomitant medications between patients with and without FN, and risk factors associated with FN were identified. Results: The total number of concomitant CYP3A4 inhibitors and substrates used was significantly higher in patients with FN [mean: 2.1 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.5-2.9)] than in those without FN [mean: 1.4 (95% CI=1.0-1.8)] (p=0.01). The only risk factor for FN was the use of ≥2 concomitant CYP3A4 inhibitors and substrates in total (OR=4.82, 95% CI=1.77-14.1; p=0.002). Conclusion: Polypharmacy involving CYP3A4 inhibitors and substrates increases the risk of DTX-induced FN.

scholarly journals Factores de riesgo asociados a distocias del mecanismo del parto en gestantes primíparas atendidas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Olga Katherine Veintimilla Chinga ◽  
María Alicia Fernanda Ledezma Hurtado ◽  
Dadier Marrero González ◽  
Lizeet López ◽  
Hugo Loor Lino
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Uterine Malformations ◽  
Delivery Mechanism

  Las distocias del mecanismo del parto en gestantes pueden generar consecuencias significativas tanto maternas como fetales y neonatales, existiendo diversos factores de riesgo asociados a dicha condición. La prevalencia de las distocias es variable para cada localidad, presentándose en el 0,3 % a de los casos. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los principales factores de riesgo que se asocian a distocias del mecanismo del parto en gestantes primíparas atendidas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, con 250 embarazadas atendidas en el periodo de enero 2018 a diciembre 2019. Las distocias de los mecanismos del parto en primíparas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos se presentaron con más frecuencia en las edades entre los 20 y 34 años, con grado de instrucción secundaria, y de zonas rurales. Los principales factores de riesgos modificables asociados a distocias fueron los controles prenatales insuficientes, sobrepeso y obesidad de las gestantes; además de ganancia de peso inadecuada durante el embarazo, bajo peso fetal, duración prolongada de la primera fase del trabajo de parto e inducción del mismo. Los factores de riesgos no modificables identificados fueron la presentación de cara, estrechez pélvica, malformaciones uterinas, hipertensión arterial como enfermedad crónica asociada, talla materna menor a 140 cm y parto prolongado de más de 20 horas. Las complicaciones maternas tuvieron una alta incidencia y dentro de ellas, las cesáreas fueron las más frecuentes, mientras que el distress respiratorio fue la complicación neonatal más presentada.   Palabras clave: Distocia, factores de riesgo, peso elevado, malformaciones uterinas, complicaciones.   Abstract Dystocia of the delivery mechanism in pregnant women can generate significant maternal, fetal and neonatal consequences, with various risk factors associated with this condition. The prevalence of dystocia is variable for each locality, occurring in 0.3% of cases. In this sense, the objective of this study was to determine the main risk factors associated with dystocia in the delivery mechanism in primiparous pregnant women treated at the Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda Hospital. A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out, with 250 pregnant women seen in the period from January 2018 to December 2019. Dystocia of the labor mechanisms in primiparous women at the Dr. Verdi Cevallos Hospital occurred more frequently in the ages between 20 and 34 years old, with a secondary education degree, and from rural areas. The main modifiable risk factors associated with dystocia were insufficient prenatal care, overweight and obesity in pregnant women; as well as inadequate weight gain during pregnancy, low fetal weight, prolonged duration of the first phase of labor and its induction. The non-modifiable risk factors identified were face presentation, pelvic narrowing, uterine malformations, arterial hypertension as an associated chronic disease, maternal height less than 140 cm and prolonged labor of more than 20 hours. Maternal complications had a high incidence and within them, caesarean sections were the most frequent, while respiratory distress was the most common neonatal complication.   Keywords: Dystocia, risk factors, high weight, uterine malformations, complications.

scholarly journals Body Weight at Birth: The Only Risk Factor Associated with Contralateral Clavicular Fracture in Patients with Congenital Muscular Torticollis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeihn Lee ◽  
Joo Young Cho ◽  
Byung Joo Lee ◽  
Jong Min Kim ◽  
Donghwi Park
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Clavicular Fracture ◽  
Congenital Muscular Torticollis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Muscular Torticollis

Abstract To date and to the best of our knowledge, there have been limited studies on the risk factor of clavicle fracture combined with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT), despite it being the most common fracture in newborns. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors associated with clavicular fracture combined with CMT, and its effect on prognosis. In this study, a total of 134 infants with CMT were included. The risk factors associated with clavicular fracture combined with CMT were analyzed. To analyze the correlation between the clinical parameters and the clavicular fracture in patients with CMT, demographic data, such as body weight at birth, maternal age, gender, gestational age, delivery method, sternocleidomastoid (SCM) thickness of ipsilateral side, its ratio between the ipsilateral and contralateral side, and the first visitation date after birth were evaluated. In the results of this study, the clavicular fracture was found in 15 of 134 patients with CMT (19%). In multivariate logistic analysis, the body weight at birth was the only significant parameter for predicting clavicular fracture in patients with CMT (p-value < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference of treatment duration between CMT infants with or without clavicular fracture. In infants with CMT, the area under the ROC curve of the body weight at birth for predicting clavicular fracture was 0.659 (95% CI, 0.564–0.745.; p < 0.05). The optimal cut-off value obtained from the maximum Youden index J was 3470 g (sensitivity: 57.14%, specificity: 75.76%), and the odd ratio of clavicular fracture in patients with CMT increased by 1.244 times for every 100 g of body weight at birth. In conclusion, birth weight appears to be a clinical predictor of clavicular fracture in infants with CMT. More studies and discussions are needed on whether any screening should be recommended for detecting the concurrent clavicular fracture in subjects with CMT.

scholarly journals Frequency and Determinant Factors for Calcification in Neurocysticercosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier A Bustos ◽  
Gianfranco Arroyo ◽  
Robert H Gilman ◽  
Percy Soto-Becerra ◽  
Isidro Gonzales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Acquired Epilepsy ◽  
Antiparasitic Treatment

Abstract Background Neurocysticercosis is a major cause of acquired epilepsy. Larval cysts in the human brain eventually resolve and either disappear or leave a calcification that is associated with seizures. In this study, we assessed the proportion of calcification in parenchymal neurocysticercosis and risk factors associated with calcification. Methods Data for 220 patients with parenchymal NCC from 3 trials of antiparasitic treatment were assessed to determine what proportion of the cysts that resolved 6 months after treatment ended up in a residual calcification at 1 year. Also, we evaluated the risk factors associated with calcification. Results The overall proportion of calcification was 38% (188/497 cysts, from 147 patients). Predictors for calcification at the cyst level were cysts larger than 14 mm (risk ratio [RR], 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.75) and cysts with edema at baseline (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.05–1.85). At the patient level, having had more than 24 months with seizures (RR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.08–1.46), mild antibody response (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.002–1.27), increased dose albendazole regime (RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.14–1.39), lower doses of dexamethasone (RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.02–1.81), not receiving early antiparasitic retreatment (RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.08–1.93), or complete cure (RR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.29–1.71) were associated with a increased risk of calcification. Conclusions Approximately 38% of parenchymal cysts calcify after antiparasitic treatment. Some factors associated with calcification are modifiable and may be considered to decrease or avoid calcification, potentially decreasing the risk for seizure relapses.

Factores de Riesgo Asociados a las Mujeres con Citología positiva / Risk Factors Associated to the Women with Positive Cytologies

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Lissette Messana ◽  
◽  
Ivette Castillo ◽  
Yaite Hernández ◽  
Niurka Manresa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Las Mujeres

PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO Y FACTORES DE RIESGO DE MORTALIDAD EN ADULTOS CON COVID-19: ESTUDIO RETROSPECTIVO.

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayami Martínez Sosa ◽  
Oswaldo Vásconez Hatt ◽  
Katherine Rosero Arboleda ◽  
Fabian Zurita Alvarado ◽  
Mónica Hernández Lojano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
New Type ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

By the ending of 2019 a new type of coronavirus was identified named SARS-CoV 2, and now known to be the etiological agent of the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Known as coronavirus 2019 disease or (COVID-19) constitutes a challenge for the world in many unknown aspects and problems in public health. In Ecuador the first reported of a confirmed appeared on February 29 2020, and in March 12 an emergency health status is declared. Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics and factors related to death and survival in patients with COVID-19. Design: The study is of transversal retrospective design, the patients chosen were those seen in the respiratory or suspicious of COVID-19 area of Hospital Vozandes Quito between March 2 and April 30. Demographic data and related risk factors for mortality were obtained using the EPI-1 individual form, epidemiological research files, the VI Epi system and electronic promptuary of patients. Results: 250 patients were obtained for this study, 87 of those were confirmed COVID-19, out those eight died and 79 were alive at the ending of the follow up. Regarding the severity of illness, 61% of the patients were classified as mild and 6 % critical (p =<0.001). Elevated values of CRP (OR 1 IC 95% 1.000 – 1.024), age about 55 years old to diagnosis (OR 42,040 IC 95% 36,320 – 47,760) and the presence of hiporexia (OR 24 IC 95% 1.183 – 504.413) were associated with higher mortality levels amongst COVID-19 positive patients. Conclusions The majority of COVID-19 cases showed no serious manifestations, were treated symptomatically and home isolation. Elevated values of CRP and the presence of hiporexia at the diagnosis are factors consistently with death. Future investigations are required to determine the risk factors associated with worst clinical course and prognosis.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with negative in-vivo diagnostic results in bovine tuberculosis-infected cattle in Spain

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Álvarez ◽  
Andrés Perez ◽  
Sergio Marqués ◽  
Javier Bezos ◽  
Anna Grau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Factors Associated

Epidemiological investigation of euthanasia in an Ontario animal shelter

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Mozes ◽  
David L Pearl ◽  
Lee Niel ◽  
J Scott Weese
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Quadratic Term ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Animal Shelter ◽  
Factors Associated

Objectives The objective was to evaluate factors associated with euthanasia in an animal shelter in Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Methods Data from 3737 cats admitted to the shelter between January and December 2011 were evaluated. Results Overall, 1989/3737 (53%) of admitted cats were euthanized. Male cats had greater odds of being euthanized than females (odds ratio [OR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29–2.05; P <0.001) and surrendered cats were more likely to be euthanized than strays (OR 38.0, 95% CI 14.8–97.69; P <0.001). Black cats were more likely to be euthanized than cats of another color (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.16–1.80; P <0.001). Cats that spent >5 days in the shelter were more likely to be euthanized than those that spent <5 days in the shelter (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.25–1.97; P <0.001). Cats that spent >20 days in the shelter were less likely to be euthanized than those that spent <5 days in the shelter (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.19–0.34; P <0.001). Age, an age quadratic term, neuter status and interactions among these variables were statistically significant; the odds of unneutered animals being euthanized was high and relatively stable across age groups, but in neutered animals the odds of being euthanized increased with age before plateauing in older cats. Conclusions and relevance With >50% of the cats admitted to the shelter in 2011 euthanized, it is important to understand the contributing risk factors that predispose shelter cats to euthanasia and what changes can be made to the shelter system and in owner education to lower the incidence of euthanasia.

scholarly journals Factores de riesgo asociados al parto pre término en el hospital nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen de enero a junio del 2010.

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-149
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factores De Riesgo

Factores de riesgo asociados al parto pre término en el hospital nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen de enero a junio del 2010. Risk factors associated with preterm delivery in the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital from January to June 2010 Lizbeth Estefanía Díaz Polo Universidad de San Martin de Porres. Lima 12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2011.0036/ RESUMEN El parto pre término ocurre entre las 22 y antes de las 37 semanas. Su etiología es multifactorial y es causa principal de morbilidad y mortalidad perinatal. El objetivo fue determinar los factores de riesgo asociados al parto pre término en gestantes del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen de Enero a Junio del 2010. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, caso - control y descriptivo. Las historias clínicas de pacientes casos y controles, fueron revisadas y registradas en fichas y se procesaron con el SPSS versión 15. Los resultados fueron 81 pacientes con diagnóstico de parto pre término, con significancia estadística en las siguientes variables: ausencia de atención prenatal (OR 3.07, P>0.05), pre eclampsia (OR 20.86, P>0.001), ruptura prematura de membranas (OR 4.03, P>0.005), embarazo múltiple (OR 5.64, P>0.01), corioamnionitis (OR 2.02, P>0.1), lugar de nacimiento: sierra (OR 3.88, P>0.05) y nivel socioeconómico D-E (OR12.73, P>0.05). Se evidencio que gestantes más pobres y con menor nivel educativo presentan mayor incidencia de parto pre término [1] [2] [3]. Que el 21% de los partos pre término, estuvo asociado a la ruptura prematura de membranas (OR 4.03) dato que se encuentra dentro del rango de incidencia, ya que Aagaard-Tillery [4] (2005) señala una incidencia de la ruptura prematura de membrana pre término entre 30 y 40% y Fabián (2008) observó 11.67% de ruptura prematura de membranas [5]. Las gestantes con pre eclampsia tuvieron un riesgo 20 veces más de presentar parto pre término. El 34.6% con parto pre término presentó pre eclampsia, de ellas el 42.8% fue pre eclampsia severa, 25% leve y 32.14% síndrome de HELLP; dato similar al observado por Salviz en su estudio en el Hospital Cayetano Heredia, donde encontró un 30 % de parto pre término en pacientes con pre eclampsia; si bien es conocido que la pre eclampsia afecta del 3 al 5% de las gestaciones, no existen estudios sobre la incidencia de la pre eclampsia en el parto pre término [6]. Se concluye que el principal factor de riesgo asociado al parto pre término fue la pre eclampsia. Haber nacido en la sierra, pertenecer a nivel socioeconómico D-E, ausencia de atención prenatal, ruptura prematura de membranas, coriomanionitis y embarazo múltiple fueron también significativos. Descriptores: factores de riesgo, parto pre término, parto a término, pre eclampsia. ABSTRACT Preterm birth occurs between 22 and before 37 weeks. Its etiology is multifactorial and is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The objective was to determine the risk factors associated with preterm delivery in pregnant women Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital from January to June 2010. We performed a retrospective case - control and descriptive. The case histories of patients and controls were reviewed and recorded in chips and processed with SPSS version 15. The results were 81 patients diagnosed with preterm birth, with statistical significance in the following variables: absence of prenatal care (OR 3.07, P> 0.05), pre-eclampsia (OR 20.86, P <0.001), premature rupture of membranes (OR 4.03, P> 0,005), multiple pregnancy (OR 5.64, P> 0.01), chorioamnionitis (OR 2.02, P> 0.1), place of birth: saw (OR 3.88, P> 0.05) and socioeconomic status (OR12.73, P> 0.05). It was evident that more poor pregnant women with less education have a higher incidence of preterm delivery [1] [2] [3]. That 21% of preterm births was associated with premature rupture of membranes (OR 4.03) data that is within the range of incidence, as Aagaard-Tillery [4] (2005) noted an incidence of premature rupture preterm membrane between 30 and 40% and Fabian (2008) observed 11.67% of premature rupture of membranes [5]. Pregnant women with preeclampsia had a 20 times higher risk of preterm birth present. 34.6% presented with preterm birth pre-eclampsia, of which 42.8% was severe preeclampsia, 25% and 32.14% mild HELLP syndrome; data Salviz similar to that observed in their study in the Cayetano Heredia Hospital, where he found a 30 % of preterm birth in patients with preeclampsia, although it is known that pre-eclampsia affects 3 to 5% of pregnancies, no studies on the incidence of preeclampsia in preterm labor [6]. We conclude that the main risk factor associated with preterm delivery was preeclampsia. Being born in the mountains, belong to socioeconomic status, lack of prenatal care, premature rupture of membranes, coriomanionitis and multiple pregnancy were also significant. Keywords: risk factors, preterm delivery, term delivery, pre-eclampsia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document