scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Feasibility Study Testing the Use of Abstract Animations for the Communication and Assessment of Pain (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Jonassaint ◽  
Nema Rao ◽  
Alex Sciuto ◽  
Galen Switzer ◽  
Laura De Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Paindetect Questionnaire

BACKGROUND Pain is the most common medical symptom requiring care, yet the current methods for assessing pain are sorely inadequate. Pain assessment tools either take too long to complete for point of care use or are too simplistic to capture the dynamic pain experience. OBJECTIVE To address this, we developed Painimation, a novel tool that uses graphic visualizations and animations instead of words or numeric scales to assess pain quality, intensity, and course. This study examines the utility of abstract animations as a measure of pain. METHODS Painimation was evaluated in a chronic pain medicine clinic. Eligible patients were receiving treatment for pain and reported pain more days than not for at least 3 months. Using a tablet computer, participating patients completed the Painimation instrument, the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and the PainDETECT questionnaire for neuropathic symptoms. RESULTS Participants (N = 207), completed Painimation and indicated it was useful for describing their pain (mean=4.04/5 on a usefulness scale), and 154 out of 196 participants (79%) agreed or strongly agreed that they would use Painimation to communicate with their providers. Animations selected corresponded with pain adjectives endorsed on the MPQ. Further, selection of the electrifying animation was associated with self-reported neuropathic pain (r=.16, P=.03), similar to the association between neuropathic pain and PainDETECT (r=.17, P=.03). Painimation was associated with PainDETECT (r=.35, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Using animations may be a faster and more patient-centered method for assessing pain and is not limited by age, literacy level, or language; however, more data are needed to assess the validity of this approach. Painimation needs testing in a more homogenous pain population to validate animations as a pain assessment method.

scholarly journals Abstract Animations for the Communication and Assessment of Pain in Adults: Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study

10.2196/10056 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. e10056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R Jonassaint ◽  
Nema Rao ◽  
Alex Sciuto ◽  
Galen E Switzer ◽  
Laura De Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Physical Symptom ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paindetect Questionnaire ◽  
Selection Of

Background Pain is the most common physical symptom requiring medical care, yet the current methods for assessing pain are sorely inadequate. Pain assessment tools can be either too simplistic or take too long to complete to be useful for point-of-care diagnosis and treatment. Objective The aim was to develop and test Painimation, a novel tool that uses graphic visualizations and animations instead of words or numeric scales to assess pain quality, intensity, and course. This study examines the utility of abstract animations as a measure of pain. Methods Painimation was evaluated in a chronic pain medicine clinic. Eligible patients were receiving treatment for pain and reported pain more days than not for at least 3 months. Using a tablet computer, participating patients completed the Painimation instrument, the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and the PainDETECT questionnaire for neuropathic symptoms. Results Participants (N=170) completed Painimation and indicated it was useful for describing their pain (mean 4.1, SE 0.1 out of 5 on a usefulness scale), and 130 of 162 participants (80.2%) agreed or strongly agreed that they would use Painimation to communicate with their providers. Animations selected corresponded with pain adjectives endorsed on the MPQ. Further, selection of the electrifying animation was associated with self-reported neuropathic pain (r=.16, P=.03), similar to the association between neuropathic pain and PainDETECT (r=.17, P=.03). Painimation was associated with PainDETECT (r=.35, P<.001). Conclusions Using animations may be a faster and more patient-centered method for assessing pain and is not limited by age, literacy level, or language; however, more data are needed to assess the validity of this approach. To establish the validity of using abstract animations (“painimations”) for communicating and assessing pain, apps and other digital tools using painimations will need to be tested longitudinally across a larger pain population and also within specific, more homogenous pain conditions.

The Elicited Verbal Pain Language of Childbirth: A Closer Look at Pain Assessment Through a Critical and Interpretive Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Power ◽  
Fiona E. Bogossian ◽  
Jenny Strong ◽  
Roland Sussex
Keyword(s):  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Dimensions Of Pain ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Affective Dimensions

OBJECTIVE:To provide a critical and interpretive review of the literature to investigate examples of pain assessment tools used in a childbirth context. Through these examples of pain assessment, the concept of elicited verbal pain language is introduced and explored.METHODS:Electronic search strategies were used to identify primary research regarding maternal reports of pain (during labor, postpartum and retrospectively), which were captured by standardized pain assessment tools.FINDINGS:The review revealed the physiological (the sensory and affective dimensions of pain, the intensity of pain, and the influence of parity on pain perception), psychological (the influence of maternal attitude, mood, and memory on pain perception), and ethnocultural (the impact of the ethnocultural context on pain perception) components of the pain experience. The strengths and limitations of pain assessment tools are highlighted. There were similarities in the reviewed studies’ approaches to pain assessment despite the cross-cultural representation of birth. Possible implications for cross-cultural pain assessment and communication are outlined.CONCLUSION:The question remains regarding the appropriateness of implementing standardized pain assessment tools across birth context. An ongoing critique of pain assessment may inform the provision of better care overall for birthing women in multicultural societies.

scholarly journals Malnutrition and cachexia among cancer out-patients in Nairobi, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. U. Kaduka ◽  
Z. N. Bukania ◽  
Y. Opanga ◽  
R. Mutisya ◽  
A. Korir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Patients At Risk

AbstractCancer is the third leading cause of death in Kenya. However, there is scarce information on the nutritional status of cancer patients to guide in decision making. The present study sought to assess the risk of malnutrition, and factors associated with malnutrition and cachexia, among cancer out-patients, with the aim of informing nutrition programmes for cancer management in Kenya and beyond. This was a facility-based cross-sectional study performed at Kenyatta National Hospital and Texas Cancer Centre in Nairobi, Kenya. The risk of malnutrition was assessed using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). Diagnoses of malnutrition and cachexia were done using the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and Fearon criteria, respectively. A total of 512 participants were assessed. Those at risk of malnutrition were 33·1 % (12·5 % at medium risk, 20·6 % at high risk). Prevalence of malnutrition was 13·4 %. The overall weight loss >5 % over 3 months was 18·2 % and low fat-free mass index was 43·1 %. Prevalence of cachexia was 14·1 % compared with 8·5 % obtained using the local criteria. Only 18·6 % participants had received any form of nutrition services. Age was a predictor of malnutrition and cachexia in addition to site of cancer for malnutrition and cigarette smoking for cachexia. The use of the MUST as a screening tool at the first point of care should be explored. The predictive value of current nutrition assessment tools, and the local diagnostic criteria for malnutrition and cachexia should be reassessed to inform the development of appropriate clinical guidelines and future capacity-building initiatives that will ensure the correct identification of patients at risk for timely care.

scholarly journals Formação dos discentes de enfermagem acerca da avaliação da dor

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1380
Author(s):  
Amanda Francielle Santos ◽  
Rafaela Ribeiro Machado ◽  
Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro ◽  
José Marden Mendes Neto ◽  
Maria do Carmo de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Nursing Graduates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
And Control

RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar a formação dos discentes do último período do curso de Enfermagem quanto à avaliação da dor. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, desenvolvido em uma instituição de ensino privada. Compôs-se a amostra por 169 graduandos do décimo período. Utilizou-se um formulário com questões objetivas. Realizou-se a análise descritiva univariada a partir de tabelas. Resultados: constata-se que a dor foi ensinada pelos docentes como o quinto sinal vital para 52,1% dos participantes; 76% afirmaram que, no estágio curricular obrigatório, não observaram o registro da dor nos prontuários; 68% não foram estimulados a utilizar as escalas para a avaliação da dor e 62,1% nunca utilizaram as escalas para a avaliação da dor. Entende-se que muitos acadêmicos de Enfermagem, no último semestre da graduação, não se sentem aptos a realizar a avaliação da dor. Conclusão: encontram-se falhas no conhecimento dos graduandos de Enfermagem no tocante à avaliação da dor, e é preocupante a formação desses enfermeiros, considerando que a avaliação da dor e o seu controle são princípios básicos para uma assistência de qualidade. Descritores: Dor; Avaliação; Enfermagem; Ensino; Medição da dor; Educação Continuada.ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the training of students from the last semester of the Nursing undergraduate course regarding pain assessment. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, developed in a private educational institution. The sample consisted of 169 students from the last semester, who answered a form with objective questions. The univariate descriptive analysis was performed from tables. Results: professors teah pain as the fifth vital sign for 52.1% of the participants; 76% stated not observing pain record on medical charts in the curricular mandatory internship; 68% were not encouraged to use the scales for pain assessment and 62.1% have never used the scales for pain assessment. Many Nursing undergraduate students, in the last semester, do not feel able to carry out pain assessment. Conclusion: Nursing graduates’ knowledge present gaps in relation to pain assessment, whose training is worrying, considering pain assessment and control as basic principles for quality assistance. Descriptors: Pain; Assessment; Nursing; Teaching; Pain Measurement; Continuing Education.RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la formación de los estudiantes del último período del curso de enfermería en la evaluación del dolor. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, desarrollado en una institución de enseñanza privada. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 169 estudiantes del 10º período. Se utilizó un formulario con preguntas objetivas. El análisis descriptivo univariado de tablas. Resultados: se observó que el dolor era enseñada por los profesores como el quinto signo vital para 52,1% de los participantes; 76% afirmaron que, en la práctica laboral curricular obligatoria, no observaron el registro del dolor en los cuadros; 68% no fueron estimulados a usar las escalas de evaluación del dolor y 62,1% nunca han utilizado las escalas para la evaluación del dolor. Se entiende que muchos universitarios de enfermería, en el último semestre de graduación, no se sienten capaces de llevar a cabo la evaluación del dolor. Conclusión: existen lagunas en el conocimiento de los graduados de enfermería en relación con la evaluación del dolor, y es preocupante la formación de estos enfermeros, mientras que la evaluación del dolor y su control son los principios básicos para la calidad de la asistencia. Descriptores: Dolor; Evaluación; Enfermería; Enseñanza; Dimensión del Dolor; Educación Continua.

scholarly journals Prise En Charge Infirmière De La Douleur Chez L’adulte Au CHU-Kara (Togo)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Houzou Prénam ◽  
Kakpovi Kodjo ◽  
Amanga Komi ◽  
Amana Essodjêlina ◽  
Dake Kodjo S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Prise En Charge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: Pain is a frequent reason for consultation in health facilities. Thus, nurses are in the forefront in the fight against pain. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the nurse in the management of the painful adult patient. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in 11 departments of Kara teaching hospital during two weeks. Nurses who had managed a painful adult in the past seven days were included in the study. Results: Thirty nurses participated in the study. They were made of 24 men (76.67%) and six women (23.33%). The average age of nurses was 35 years (extremes: 23 years old and 50 years old) and 43.33% of them had less than five years of work experience. The main etiologies of pain managed were: trauma (22%), headache (18%) and abdominal pain (14%). Pain assessment tools were almost non-existent. Fifty percent of nurses did not know pain assessment tools. The evaluation of pain was performed with conventional tools by 16% of nurses. The analogical visual scale was the most used (three out of five nurses). Nursing intervention was dominated by counseling (43%) and thermal stimulation (22%). The use of analgesics was carried out in 83.33% of cases. Conclusion: This study shows that few nurses evaluated the pain during its management in adults. Therefore, it is necessary to initiate medical training for Togolese nurses on the management of the painful patient in order to make them more effective.

scholarly journals Tipping the Scales: A Corpus-Based Reconstruction of Adjective Scales in the McGill Pain Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Stern
Keyword(s):  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Clinical Pain ◽  
Alpha Level ◽  
Predictable Pattern ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Modern medical diagnosis relies on precise pain assessment tools in translating clinical information from patient to physician. The McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) is a clinical pain assessment technique that utilizes 78 adjectives of different intensities in 20 categories to quantify a patient’s pain. The questionnaire’s efficacy depends on a predictable pattern of adjective use by patients experiencing pain. In this study, I recreate the MPQ’s adjective intensity orderings using data gathered from patient forums and modern NLP techniques. I extract adjective intensity relationships by searching for key linguistic contexts, and then combine the relationship information to form robust adjective scales. Of 17 adjective relationships predicted by this research, 10 show agreement with the MPQ, which is statistically significant at the .5 alpha level. The results suggest predictable patterns of adjective use by people experiencing pain, but call into question the MPQ’s categories for grouping adjectives.

scholarly journals Age Differences in the Quality of Chronic Pain: A Preliminary Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Gagliese ◽  
Ronald Melzack
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Age Related

BACKGROUND: Recent studies of the relationship between age and the intensity of chronic pain report increases, decreases or no change in pain intensity as a function of age. These inconsistencies may be due in part to the pain assessment tools employed and their appropriateness with different age groups.OBJECTIVES: To assess age differences in chronic pain by using several measures of pain intensity and a multidimensional measure of pain qualities in the same sample; to assess the consistency of pain intensity estimates obtained from different scales within age groups; to determine whether the failure rates for appropriately completing the scale (such as choosing more than one descriptor or making more than one mark on the Visual Analog Scale [VAS]) differ among age groups.SUBJECTS: Seventy-nine adults aged 27 to 79 years with chronic arthritis pain.MEASUREMENTS: The unidimensional pain intensity scales used were the VAS, the Verbal Descriptor Scale and the Behavioural Rating Scale. The multidimensional pain scale used was the short form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ). The Beck Depression Inventory was also administered.RESULTS: Age-related decreases were found in the sensory and affective dimensions of chronic pain as measured with the SF-MPQ. No age differences in pain intensity were measured with any of the unidimensional scales. These results were maintained after controlling for the effects of concurrent depressive symptomatology. Pain intensity estimates differed within groups, with verbal descriptors yielding the most consistent estimates in the elderly group. The elderly were significantly more likely to fail on the VAS than younger subjects. There were no age differences on any other measure.CONCLUSIONS: There may be age-related changes in the quality but not in the intensity of chronic arthritis pain. Implications for clinical pain assessment in the elderly are discussed.

scholarly journals Assessment of Delirium Using the Confusion Assessment Method in Older Adult Inpatients in Malaysia

Geriatrics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Khor ◽  
Ong ◽  
Tan ◽  
Low ◽  
Saedon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Confusion Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confusion Assessment ◽  
Severity Scores

The detection of delirium in acutely ill older patients is challenging with the lack of informants and the necessity to identify subtle and fluctuating signs. We conducted a cross-sectional study among older patients admitted to a university hospital in Malaysia to determine the presence, characteristics, and mortality outcomes of delirium. Consecutive patients aged ≥65years admitted to acute medical wards were recruited from August to September 2016. Cognitive screening was performed using the mini-mental test examination (MMSE) and the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). The CAM-Severity (CAM-S) score was also performed in all patients. Of 161 patients recruited, 43 (26.7%) had delirium. At least one feature of delirium from the CAM-S short and long severity scores were present in 48.4% and 67.1%, respectively. Older age (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.14), immobility (OR: 3.16, 95% CI: 1.18–8.50), cognitive impairment (OR: 5.04, 95% CI: 2.07–12.24), and malnutrition (OR: 3.37; 95% CI: 1.15–9.85) were significantly associated with delirium. Older patients with delirium had a higher risk of mortality (OR: 7.87, 95% CI: 2.42–25.57). Delirium is common among older patients in our setting. A large proportion of patients had altered mental status on admission to hospital although they did not fulfill the CAM criteria of delirium. This should prompt further studies on strategies to identify delirium and the use of newer, more appropriate assessment tools in this group of vulnerable individuals.

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