scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mobile Health Interventions Promoting Physical Activity and Lifestyle Interventions to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Among Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Sequi-Dominguez ◽  
Celia Alvarez-Bueno ◽  
Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino ◽  
Rubén Fernandez-Rodriguez ◽  
Alicia del Saz Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions

BACKGROUND Physical activity and lifestyle interventions, such as a healthy diet, have been proven to be effective approaches to manage metabolic syndrome. However, these interventions require great commitment from patients and clinicians owing to their economic costs, time consumption, and lack of immediate results. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effect of mobile-based health interventions for reducing cardiometabolic risk through the promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle behaviors. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTdiscus databases were searched for experimental studies evaluating cardiometabolic risk indicators among individuals with metabolic syndrome who were included in technology-assisted physical activity and lifestyle interventions. Effect sizes, pooled mean changes, and their respective 95% CIs were calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird method. Outcomes included the following clinical and biochemical parameters: body composition (waist circumference [WC] and BMI), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]), glucose tolerance (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] and glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA<sub>1c</sub>]), and lipid profile (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and triglycerides). RESULTS A total of nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. Owing to the scarcity of studies, only pooled mean pre-post changes in the intervention groups were estimated. Significant mean changes were observed for BMI (−1.70 kg/m2, 95% CI −3.20 to −0.20; effect size: −0.46; <i>P</i>=.03), WC (−5.77 cm, 95% CI −9.76 to −1.77; effect size: −0.54; <i>P</i>=.005), SBP (−7.33 mmHg, 95% CI −13.25 to −1.42; effect size: −0.43; <i>P</i>=.02), DBP (−3.90 mmHg, 95% CI −7.70 to −0.11; effect size: −0.44; <i>P</i>=.04), FPG (−3.65 mg/dL, 95% CI −4.79 to −2.51; effect size: −0.39; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), and HDL-C (4.19 mg/dL, 95% CI 2.43-5.95; effect size: 0.23; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, mobile-based health interventions aimed at promoting physical activity and healthy lifestyle changes had a strong positive effect on cardiometabolic risk indicators among individuals with metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, further research is required to compare this approach with usual care in order to support the incorporation of these technologies in health systems. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO CRD42019125461; https://tinyurl.com/y3t4wog4.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mobile Health Interventions Promoting Physical Activity and Lifestyle Interventions to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk Among Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.2196/17790 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. e17790
Author(s):  
Irene Sequi-Dominguez ◽  
Celia Alvarez-Bueno ◽  
Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino ◽  
Rubén Fernandez-Rodriguez ◽  
Alicia del Saz Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions

Background Physical activity and lifestyle interventions, such as a healthy diet, have been proven to be effective approaches to manage metabolic syndrome. However, these interventions require great commitment from patients and clinicians owing to their economic costs, time consumption, and lack of immediate results. Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effect of mobile-based health interventions for reducing cardiometabolic risk through the promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTdiscus databases were searched for experimental studies evaluating cardiometabolic risk indicators among individuals with metabolic syndrome who were included in technology-assisted physical activity and lifestyle interventions. Effect sizes, pooled mean changes, and their respective 95% CIs were calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird method. Outcomes included the following clinical and biochemical parameters: body composition (waist circumference [WC] and BMI), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]), glucose tolerance (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] and glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]), and lipid profile (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], and triglycerides). Results A total of nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. Owing to the scarcity of studies, only pooled mean pre-post changes in the intervention groups were estimated. Significant mean changes were observed for BMI (−1.70 kg/m2, 95% CI −3.20 to −0.20; effect size: −0.46; P=.03), WC (−5.77 cm, 95% CI −9.76 to −1.77; effect size: −0.54; P=.005), SBP (−7.33 mmHg, 95% CI −13.25 to −1.42; effect size: −0.43; P=.02), DBP (−3.90 mmHg, 95% CI −7.70 to −0.11; effect size: −0.44; P=.04), FPG (−3.65 mg/dL, 95% CI −4.79 to −2.51; effect size: −0.39; P<.001), and HDL-C (4.19 mg/dL, 95% CI 2.43-5.95; effect size: 0.23; P<.001). Conclusions Overall, mobile-based health interventions aimed at promoting physical activity and healthy lifestyle changes had a strong positive effect on cardiometabolic risk indicators among individuals with metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, further research is required to compare this approach with usual care in order to support the incorporation of these technologies in health systems. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42019125461; https://tinyurl.com/y3t4wog4.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽  
Amanda E. Staiano
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to pediatric 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate to vigorous physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) and cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods:The sample included 357 white and African American children aged 5–18 years. Physical activity, television viewing, and sleep duration were measured using questionnaires, and the 24-hour movement guidelines were defined as ≥60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity on ≥5 days per week, ≤ 2 hours per day of television, and sleeping 9–11 hours per night (ages 5–13 y) or 8–10 hours per night (ages 14–18 y). Waist circumference, body fat, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose were measured in a clinical setting.Results:A total of 26.9% of the sample met none of the guidelines, whereas 36.4%, 28.3%, and 8.4% of the sample met 1, 2, or all 3 guidelines, respectively. There were significant associations between the number of guidelines met and body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, triglycerides, and glucose. There were no associations with blood pressure or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions:Meeting more components of the 24-hour movement guidelines was associated with lower levels of obesity and several cardiometabolic risk factors. Future efforts should consider novel strategies to simultaneously improve physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in children.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analysis of Microbial Therapy Against Metabolic Syndrome: Evidence From Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binhui Pan ◽  
Xiujie Liu ◽  
Jiangmin Shi ◽  
Yaoxuan Chen ◽  
Zhihua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Oat Bran

Background and aims: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), accompanied with significant intestinal dysbiosis, causes a great public health burden to human society. Here, we carried out a meta-analysis to qualify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and to systematically evaluate the effect of microbial therapy on MetS.Methods and results: Forty-two RCTs were eligible for this meta-analysis after searching the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases. Pooled estimates demonstrated that treatment with microbial therapy significantly reduced the waist circumference (WC) (SMD = −0.26, 95% CI −0.49, −0.03), fasting blood glucose (FBG) (SMD = −0.35, 95% CI −0.52, −0.18), total cholesterol (TC) (SMD = −0.36, 95% CI −0.55, −0.17), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD = −0.42, 95% CI −0.61, −0.22), and triacylglycerol (TG)(SMD = −0.38, 95% CI −0.55, −0.20), but increased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD = 0.28, 95% CI.03, 0.52). Sensitivity analysis indicated that after eliminating one study utilizing Bifidobacteriumlactis, results became statistically significant in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (SMD = −0.24, 95% CI −0.41, −0.07) and in Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (SMD = −0.28, 95% CI −0.54, −0.03), while the body mass index (BMI) showed significant difference after eliminating one study utilizing oat bran (SMD = −0.16, 95% CI −0.31, −0.01). There was still no significant effect in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c%).Conclusion: In patients with MetS, the conditioning with microbial therapy notably improves FBG, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, WC, BMI (except for the study using oat bran), HOMA-IR, and DBP (except for the Study using Bifidobacteriumlactis), however, with no effect in SBP and in HbA1c%.

scholarly journals Association between obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Lei Kong ◽  
Zheng Qin ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ying Pan ◽  
Jian Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Purpose: Evidence suggests that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is related to metabolic syndrome; however, the relationship among metabolic syndrome parameters (blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL)) and OSA is unclear. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed for this study. Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases were searched until December 23, 2015, using following terms: obstructive sleep apnea, sleep apnea, OSA and metabolic syndrome. Results: Ten studies were included in the analysis which included 2053 patients. Patients with OSA had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) (pooled standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.71, P

scholarly journals The Clustering of Low Diet Quality, Low Physical Fitness, and Unhealthy Sleep Pattern and Its Association with Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
Xianwen Shang ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
Haiquan Xu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Ailing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Sleep Pattern ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Z Scores

The clustering of diet quality, physical activity, and sleep and its association with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains to be explored. We included 5315 children aged 6–13 years in the analysis. CMR score (CMRS) was computed by summing Z-scores of waist circumference, an average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (multiplying by −1), and triglycerides. Low diet quality and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were more likely to be seen in a pair, but low diet quality was less likely to be clustered with unhealthy sleep patterns. Low diet quality, low CRF, and unhealthy sleep pattern was associated with a 0.63, 0.53, and 0.25 standard deviation (SD) higher increase in CMRS, respectively. Compared to children with no unhealthy factor (−0.79 SD), those with ≥1 unhealthy factor had a higher increase (−0.20 to 0.59 SD) in CMRS. A low diet quality-unhealthy sleep pattern resulted in the highest increase in CMRS, blood pressure, and triglycerides. A low diet quality–low CRF-unhealthy sleep pattern resulted in the highest increase in fatness and fasting glucose. Unhealthy factor cluster patterns are complex; however, their positive associations with changes in CMR factors are consistently significant in children. Some specific patterns are more harmful than others for cardiometabolic health.

Effects of aerobic exercise on obese children with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youxiang Cao ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Jingxin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Objectives Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is systemic metabolic disease that results from insulin resistance or obesity. Numerous meta-analyses have investigated the effect of exercise on different populations, but none were aimed at the effect of aerobic exercise alone on obese children. This review systematically assessed and performed a meta-analysis on the effect of aerobic exercise on obese children with MetS. Content MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane library were searched and screened from inception to 20 October 2020 for randomized controlled trials. The inclusion criteria were obese children who met the criteria for MetS and aged 5–19 years old in an aerobic exercise group. The meta-analysis included eight trials with a total of 197 participants. Aerobic exercise significantly improved the waist circumference (mean difference [MD]=−3.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]=−6.12 to −1.83; p<0.01), body mass index (standardized MD [SMD]=−0.5; 95% CI=−0.70 to −0.29; p<0.01), triglyceride (SMD=−24.6; 95% CI=−33.85 to −15.35; p<0.01), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (SMD=2.36; 95% CI=0.44 to 4.27; p<0.01), and systolic blood pressure (SMD=−6.90; 95% CI=−10.46 to −3.35; p<0.01). Summary Based on the results of this meta-analysis, during the intervention period of the included studies, aerobic exercise alone mainly affected the lipoprotein, blood pressure, and body dimensions but cannot completely cure the MetS of obese children. Outlook The effects of different types of aerobic exercise on obese children with MetS and exercise dose to cure the MetS of obese children needs to be further studied.

Association between Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosis and the Physical Activity—Sedentary Profile of Adolescents with Obesity: A Complementary Analysis of the Beta-JUDO Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Valérie Julian ◽  
Iris Ciba ◽  
Roger Olsson ◽  
Marie Dahlbom ◽  
Dieter Furthner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Syndrome Diagnosis ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Complementary Analysis

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in children and adolescents with obesity and places them at an increased risk of cardiovascular-related diseases. However, the associations between objectively measured movement-related behaviors and MetS diagnosis remain unexplored in youths with obesity. The aim was to compare profiles of sedentary (SED) time (more sedentary, SED+ vs. less sedentary, SED−), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time (more active, MVPA+ vs. less active, MVPA−) and combinations of behaviors (SED−/MVPA+, SED−/MVPA−, SED+/MVPA+, SED+/MVPA−) regarding the MetS diagnosis. One hundred and thirty-four adolescents with obesity (13.4 ± 2.2 years) underwent 24 h/7 day accelerometry, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides (TG) and insulin-resistance (IR) assessments. Cumulative cardiometabolic risk was assessed by using (i) MetS status (usual dichotomic definition) and (ii) cardiometabolic risk z-score (MetScore, mean of standardized WC, BP, IR, TG and inverted HDL-c). SED− vs. SED+ and MVPA+ vs. MVPA− had lower MetS (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) and MetScore (p < 0.001). SED−/MVPA+ had the lowest risk. While SED and MVPA times were lower in SED−/MVPA− vs. SED+/MVPA+ (p < 0.001), MetScore was lower in SED−/MVPA− independently of body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05). MVPA, but not SED, time was independently associated with MetS diagnosis (p < 0.05). Both MVPA (p < 0.01) and SED times (p < 0.05) were associated with MetScore independently of each other. A higher MVPA and lower SED time are associated with lower cumulative cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4560
Author(s):  
Alicia Gea Cabrera ◽  
Pablo Caballero ◽  
Carmina Wanden-Berghe ◽  
María Sanz-Lorente ◽  
Elsa López-Pintor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Pressure Effect ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Blood Pressure Effect ◽  
Meta Regression

Workplace health interventions are essential to improve the health and well-being of workers and promote healthy lifestyle behaviours. We carried out a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of articles measuring the association between workplace dietary interventions and MetS risk. We recovered potentially eligible studies by searching MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, using the terms “Metabolic syndrome” and “Occupational Health”. A total of 311 references were retrieved and 13 documents were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dietary interventions were grouped into six main types: basic education/counselling; specific diet/changes in diet and food intake; behavioural change/coaching; physical exercise; stress management; and internet/social networks. Most programmes included several components. The interventions considered together are beneficial, but the clinical results reflect only a minimal impact on MetS risk. According to the metaregression, the interventions with the greatest impact were those that used coaching techniques and those that promoted physical activity, leading to increased HDL (effect size = 1.58, sig = 0.043; and 2.02, 0.015, respectively) and decreased BMI (effect size = −0.79, sig = −0.009; and −0.77, 0.034, respectively). In contrast, interventions offering information on healthy habits and lifestyle had the contrary effect, leading to increased BMI (effect size = 0.78, sig = 0.006), systolic blood pressure (effect size = 4.85, sig = 0.038) and diastolic blood pressure (effect size = 3.34, sig = 0.001). It is necessary to improve the efficiency of dietary interventions aimed at lowering MetS risk in workers.

scholarly journals Effect of Epidemic Intermittent Fasting on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Can Liu ◽  
Xu Liu ◽  
Xiandu Pan ◽  
Xinye Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Intermittent fasting (IF) has gained attention as a promising diet for weight loss and dysmetabolic diseases management. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of IF on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). A systematic literature search was carried out using three electronic databases, namely PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, until October 2020. Randomized controlled trials that compared the IF intervention with a control group diet were included. Fourteen effect sizes were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) using a fixed-effects model and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Compared to the ones within control groups, participants exposed to the IF intervention reduced their body weight (WMD, −1.78 kg; 95% CI, −2.21 to −1.35; p &lt;0.05), waist circumference (WMD, −1.19 cm; 95% CI, −1.8 to −0.57; p &lt;0.05), fat mass (WMD, −1.26 kg; 95% CI, −1.57 to −0.95; p &lt;0.05), body mass index (WMD, −0.58 kg/m2; 95% CI, −0.8 to −0.37; p &lt;0.05), systolic blood pressure (WMD, −2.14 mmHg; 95% CI: −3.54 to −0.73; p &lt;0.05), diastolic blood pressure (WMD: −1.38 mmHg, 95% CI, −2.35 to −0.41, p &lt;0.05), fasting blood glucose (WMD: −0.053 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.105 to 0.001; p &lt;0.05), fasting insulin (WMD, −0.8 mIU/L; 95% CI, −1.15 to −0.44; p &lt;0.05), insulin resistance (WMD, −0.21; 95% CI, −0.36 to −0.05; p &lt;0.05), total cholesterol (WMD, −0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.17 to −0.02; p &lt;0.05), and triglycerides (WMD, −0.09 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.13 to −0.04; p &lt;0.05). No effects were observed for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or glycosylated hemoglobin. This meta-analysis supports the role of IF in improving the component composition of CMRFs, including weight, waist circumference, fat mass, BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance, compared to a control group diet. Further research on IF interventions should take into account long-term and well-designed administration to draw definitive conclusions.

Semisupervised Physical Exercise and Lifestyle Counseling in Cardiometabolic Risk Management in Sedentary Adults: Controlled Randomized Trial (BELLUGAT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 744-755
Author(s):  
Assumpta Ensenyat ◽  
Gemma Espigares-Tribo ◽  
Leonardo Machado-Da-Silva ◽  
Xenia Sinfreu-Bergués ◽  
Alfonso Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Lifestyle Counseling ◽  
Severity Scores

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a high-intensity semisupervised exercise program alongside lifestyle counseling as an intervention for managing cardiometabolic risk in sedentary adults. Methods: A 40-week 3-arm randomized controlled clinical trial (16-wk intervention and 24-wk follow-up) was used. Seventy-five sedentary adults (34–55 y) with at least 1 cardiometabolic risk factor were randomized into one of the following arms: (1) aerobic interval training (AIT) plus lifestyle counseling (n = 25), (2) low- to moderate-intensity continuous training plus lifestyle counseling (traditional continuous training, TCT) (n = 27), or (3) lifestyle counseling alone (COU) (n = 23). Metabolic syndrome severity scores, accelerometer-based physical activity, and self-reported dietary habits were assessed at baseline, after the intervention, and at follow-up. Results: AIT was well accepted with high enjoyment scores. All groups showed similar improvements in metabolic syndrome severity scores (standardized effect size = 0.46) and dietary habits (standardized effect size = 0.30). Moderate to vigorous physical activity increased in all study groups, with the number of responders higher in AIT and TCT groups (50%) than in COU group (21%). Both AIT and TCT had a greater impact on sedentary behavior than COU (63.5% vs 30.4% responders). Conclusions: AIT appears to be a feasible and effective strategy in sedentary individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors. AIT could be included in intervention programs tackling unhealthy lifestyles.

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