Development and Validation of an eHealth Literacy Scale: Measuring a Broad Spectrum of eHealth Skills in Web 3.0 Context (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaxuan Liu ◽  
Bik-Chu Chow ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
Holger Hassel ◽  
Ya-Jun Wendy Huang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Web 3.0 ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

BACKGROUND eHealth literacy (EHL) refers to a mixture of capabilities that enable individuals to deal with health information via e-approach, and apply it to solve health problems. With the digitization of health care and the wide availability of health applications, a more diverse range of eHealth skills is required to properly use such health facilities. Existing EHL measurements focus mainly on the health skill of information obtaining (Web 1.0), yet skills of online interactivities (Web 2.0) and self-data managing and applying (Web 3.0) have not been well measured. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to (1) develop a measurement of EHL comprising a comprehensive spectrum of Web 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 skills (eHLS-Web3.0) and (2) evaluate its validity and reliability along with the measurement invariance among college students. METHODS In Study 1, 421 Chinese college students (mean age = 20.5 ± 1.4 years; 51.8% female) and 8 health experts (mean age =38.3 ± 5.9 years; 87.5% female) were involved to develop the eHLS-Web3.0. The scale development included three steps: item pool generation, content validation, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). In Study 2, 741 college students (mean age = 21.3 ± 1.4 years; 52.2% female) were recruited from four Chinese cities to validate the new-developed eHLS-Web3.0. The construct validity, convergent validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and measurement invariance across gender, major, and region were examined by a series of statistical analyses, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and multi-group CFA analysis with SPSS 25.0 and Mplus 7. RESULTS Based on the item pool of 374 statements collected during the conceptual developments, 24 items (4~10 items per subscale) were generated and adjusted after cognitive testing and content validity examination. Through the EFA, we finally developed a three-factorial eHLS-Web3.0, including Acquisition (8 items), Verification (6 items), and Application (10 items). In Study 2, CFAs supported the construct validity of the 24-item three-dimensional eHLS-Web3.0 (χ2 = 903.076, χ2/df =3.701, CFI = .924, TLI = .914, RMSEA = .060, SRMR = .051). The average variance extracted (AVE) of .58 and high correlation between eHLS-Web3.0 subscales and eHEALS (r = .725- .880, P < .001) supported good convergent validity and concurrent validity of the eHLS-Web3.0. Results also supported satisfactory internal consistency reliability (α = .976, ρ = .934 - .956) and test-retest reliability (r = .858, P < .001) of the scale. Multi-group CFAs demonstrated that the 24-item eHLS-Web3.0 to be invariant at all configural, metric, strong, and structural levels across gender (female/male), major (sport-related/medical/general), and region (Yinchuan/Kunming/Xiamen/Beijing). CONCLUSIONS The 24-item three-dimensional eHLS-Web3.0 is developed and verified to be a reliable and valid measurement of EHL in Web 3.0 context among Chinese college students.

Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 1801-1813
Author(s):  
Wenjing Guo ◽  
Zhe Lin ◽  
Nian Cheng ◽  
Xiangping Liu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Interpersonal Process ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Capitalization is an interpersonal process where one shares personal positive events with others and receives benefits beyond that event's effect. The response a capitalizer perceives from the recipient determines the success of this process. The Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts Scale (PRCAS) is an English-language measure used to assess a capitalizer's perception of a recipient's responses. We tested the factor structure, internal consistency reliability, and concurrent validity of the Chinese version of the PRCAS with a sample of 1,213 Chinese college students. Factor analyses replicated the 4-factor model of active–constructive response, passive–constructive response, active–destructive response, and passive–destructive response. All subscales possessed satisfactory internal consistency and evidence for concurrent validity with measures of feeling, flourishing, self-esteem, and mental health symptoms. We also assessed the test–retest stability of the PRCAS with a separate sample of 119 Chinese college students, and found that the subscales possessed low test–retest reliability. Therefore, the Chinese PRCAS possessed acceptable psychometric properties.

scholarly journals Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Chinese Counseling Competencies Scale-Revised

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xia ◽  
William Ho Cheung Li ◽  
Tingna Liang ◽  
Yuanhui Luo ◽  
Laurie Long Kwan Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Counseling Competencies ◽  
Counselors In Training ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Objectives: This study conducted a linguistic and psychometric evaluation of the Chinese Counseling Competencies Scale-Revised (CCS-R).Methods: The Chinese CCS-R was created from the original English version using a standard forward-backward translation process. The psychometric properties of the Chinese CCS-R were examined in a cohort of 208 counselors-in-training by two independent raters. Fifty-three counselors-in-training were asked to undergo another counseling performance evaluation for the test-retest. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted for the Chinese CCS-R, followed by internal consistency, test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, convergent validity, and concurrent validity.Results: The results of the CFA supported the factorial validity of the Chinese CCS-R, with adequate construct replicability. The scale had a McDonald's omega of 0.876, and intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.63 and 0.90 for test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability, respectively. Significantly positive correlations were observed between the Chinese CCS-R score and scores of performance checklist (Pearson's γ = 0.781), indicating a large convergent validity, and knowledge on drug abuse (Pearson's γ = 0.833), indicating a moderate concurrent validity.Conclusion: The results support that the Chinese CCS-R is a valid and reliable measure of the counseling competencies.Practice implication: The CCS-R provides trainers with a reliable tool to evaluate counseling students' competencies and to facilitate discussions with trainees about their areas for growth.

A New Comprehensive Oral Health Literacy Scale: Development and Psychometric Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Sun ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Aixiao Cheng ◽  
Junhong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Oral Health Literacy ◽  
Oral Health Knowledge ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background: It has been widely accepted that oral health status is related to oral health literacy. The need to measure oral health literacy has led to the development of measurement instruments. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive instrument for adults and to examine its reliability and validity in China.Methods: A three-step design process was used. First, a literature review and expert panel discussion were used to draw up a 37-item pool covering oral health knowledge, belief, practice, skill and functional oral health literacy. The Delphi method was used to delete and modify questions in the item pool. The draft instrument was evaluated by nine experts and the consensus among them was calculated using the content validity index. The scale was then used to conduct a psychometric study among 370 participants from community health centers in Beijing. Construct validity, discriminant validity and concurrent validity were examined. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and test–retest methods were used to assess reliability.Results: The final scale included 30 items in four dimensions. The item–level content validity index was 0.90. Exploratory factor analysis extracted four fixed factors, and the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin and Bartlett’s tests came to 0.752, with the model explaining 35.21% of the total variance. The four dimensions were associated with oral health knowledge, perceptions of oral health issues, oral health practice and skills, and functional oral health literacy. The mean score of the lowest 27% was significantly lower than the highest 27% (p < 0.01), suggesting adequate discriminant validity. The associations between comprehensive oral health literacy scores and educational level, income and self-reported literacy level were significant (P < 0.001), showing adequate overall concurrent validity. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were acceptable, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.72 and a total test–retest reliability coefficient of 0.979. Conclusions: Initial testing of the comprehensive oral health literacy instrument suggested that it is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate individuals’ oral health literacy, with four dimensions for evaluating knowledge, belief, skill and functional oral health literacy.

scholarly journals The Association between Health Literacy, eHealth Literacy and COVID-19 Coping Behaviors in Chinese College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaojie Li ◽  
Guanghui Cui ◽  
Atipatsa Chiwanda Kaminga ◽  
Sixiang Cheng ◽  
Huilan Xu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Health Literacy Level ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, Internet has spread a lot of information and provided people with knowledge and advice on health protection for COVID-19. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between health literacy, eHealth literacy and COVID-19 coping behaviors. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between health literacy, eHealth literacy and COVID-19 coping behaviors in Chinese college students. METHODS The snowball sampling method was adopted to conduct an anonymous online cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Participants completed surveys on health literacy, eHealth literacy, and COVID-19 coping behaviors. Linear regression was used to explore the association between health literacy, eHealth literacy and COVID-19 coping behaviors, whereas factor analysis was used to analyze the factor structure of the COVID19 coping behaviors. RESULTS A total of 1,873 college students aged 18-25 were recruited. 781 (41.7%) had adequate health literacy. The mean eHealth literacy score was 30.2 ±6.3. The results of factor analysis showed that COVID-19 coping behaviors had two dimensions, namely health protection behaviors and adapting behaviors. COVID-19 coping behaviors score differed significantly (P<.05) with respect to residence, grade, major, family economic level, self-reported health status, family member or friend infected with coronavirus, self-reported coronavirus knowledge level and health literacy level. Further, according to linear regression analysis, health literacy (Beta=.19, P<.001) and eHealth literacy (Beta=.39, P<.001) were positively associated with COVID-19 coping behaviors. CONCLUSIONS College students with higher health literacy and eHealth literacy had better COVID-19 coping behaviors. Nevertheless, COVID-19 coping behaviors varied with respect to place of residence, grade, major, family economic level, self-reported health status, family member or friend infected with coronavirus, self-reported coronavirus knowledge level and health literacy level. Therefore, enhancing health literacy and eHealth literacy has, to some extent, helped in reducing the risk of COVID-19 infection among college students in China. Prospective cohort studies at a larger scale are therefore needed to ascertain these findings.

scholarly journals Associations of COVID-19 risk perception, eHealth literacy, and protective behaviors among Chinese college students following vaccination: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Qin ◽  
Shuangjiao Shi ◽  
Guiyue Ma ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Yinglong Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Background： In spite of strict regulation of COVID-19 preventative measures and containment in China, there are still confirmed cases sporadically occuring in many cities. College students are at a high risk of being infected, especially with the approach of vacation; thus, identifying the status and related factors of protective behaviors among them after receiving vaccination will be crucial for epidemic control. This study aimed to gather information on the protective behaviors and to identify the associations of COVID-19 risk perception, eHealth literacy and protective behaviors for Chinese college students following vaccinationMethods: A cross-sectional survey of college students who engaged in protective behaviors post vaccination was conducted using the COVID-19 risk perception scale and eHealth literacy scale in one of the groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to confirm the correlation between COVID-19 risk perception, eHealth literacy and protective behaviors for Chinese college students.Results: A total of 5641 Chinese college students were included. Male students comprised 59.01% with an average age of (21.39±2.75) years and most students rating their health as very good (44.85%) or pretty good (46.98%). A smaller percentage (13.76%) believed that they would likely or most likely be infected with COVID-19 after getting vaccinated. In addition, more than 1 in 10 (10.35%) college students had ever suspected to suffer from post-vaccination reactions following the COVID-19 vaccination. The mean score of protective behaviors was (26.06±3.97) at the middle level. Approximately one-third (30.42%) of the students always or often did not wear a mask when going out. Some college students (29.25%) did not keep at least 1 meter away from others in social situations. Older female college students who were in good health and perceived as being at a low risk of getting infected with COVID-19 did not expect to engage in post-vaccination protective measures. Those with a higher level of perceived risk, severe risk perception and eHealth literacy and a lower level of unknown risk perception were more likely to engage in further protective behaviors after getting vaccinated.Conclusions: Overall, the level of protective behaviors among Chinese college students following vaccination could use improvement, especially for male, younger college students in poor health. This study revealed the predictive effects of risk perception and eHealth literacy on protective behaviors, recommending that the negative and positive effects of risk perception should be balanced in epidemic risk management, and eHealth literacy promotion should also be emphasized for public health and social measures.

Psychometric Assessment of the Paternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Malawian Fathers

2021 ◽  
pp. 089033442110650
Author(s):  
Roselyn Chipojola ◽  
Cindy-Lee Dennis ◽  
Shu-Yu Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background: Only 61% of Malawian women exclusively breastfeed to the recommended 6 months. Paternal support is predictive of exclusive breastfeeding, and significantly related to paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy, defined as fathers’ confidence in their ability to assist mothers with breastfeeding. Research Aims: To (1) examine the psychometric properties of the Paternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) in Malawian fathers, including internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, construct validity using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and convergent validity; and (2) assess the relationship between the BSES-SF and paternal demographic and health factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a maternity hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi, and 180 fathers whose partners had delivered a singleton infant were included. Participants completed the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale and Quality of Life with confirmatory factor analysis performed to assess the construct validity. The internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and intra-class correlations. Convergent validity was also assessed. Results: A unidimensional factorial structure of the Malawian Paternal BSES-SF was identified using confirmatory factor analysis. The scale had an excellent Cronbach’s alpha of .90 and a test-retest reliability of .93. Participants’ breastfeeding self-efficacy was significantly correlated with the Quality of Life domains of psychological health ( r = .23; p < .01), social relationships ( r = .28; p < .001), and environmental health ( r = .30; p < .001). Participants who were older, married, and with ≥ two children had significantly higher breastfeeding self-efficacy and were more confident in their ability to support their partner’s breastfeeding. Conclusion: The Paternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form was a valid and reliable measure to assess fathers’ confidence in their ability to assist mothers with breastfeeding in Malawi.

Use of a Self-Report Medication Adherence Scale for Measuring Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients With HIV/AIDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. E72-E88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Wickersham ◽  
Susan M. Sereika ◽  
Hyung-Joo Kang ◽  
Lisa K. Tamres ◽  
Judith A. Erlen
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Regimen Complexity ◽  
Adherence Scale ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background and Purpose:This study examined the psychometric properties of a 9-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-9) adapted specifically for patients with HIV/AIDS.Methods:We used data from two randomized controlled trials investigating telephone-delivered interventions for improving adherence to antiretroviral therapy to assess reliability (Cronbach’s α and Pearson’s product correlation) and validity (convergent and concurrent) of the MMAS-9.Results:The internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) of the MMAS-9 was .66 (study 1) and .69 (study 2); 3-month test–retest reliability (Pearson’s correlation) ranged from .50 to .74. Validity was supported by associations with electronic event monitored adherence, social support, depressive symptoms, self-efficacy, stigma, regimen complexity, and impact of side effects in the hypothesized direction.Conclusions:The adapted MMAS-9 demonstrated good convergent validity but somewhat lower internal consistency reliability than other reports.

scholarly journals Self-Esteem in 60 Seconds: The Six-Item State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES-6)

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112095805
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Webster ◽  
Jennifer L. Howell ◽  
James A. Shepperd
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Adequate Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

With 20 items, the State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES) can be cumbersome in settings that demand efficiency. The present research created an efficient six-item version of the SSES that preserves score reliability and validity and its three-dimensional structure: social, appearance, and performance self-esteem. Item response theory and confirmatory factor analyses identified the “best” six items—two from each dimension (Study 1). Participants completed the SSES four times at 2-week intervals (Studies 2 and 3). The six-item SSES’ scores showed adequate test–retest reliability, explained substantial variance in trait-relevant measures, and showed convergent validity with related self-esteem measures. Participants completed the SSES and a laboratory experiment where they received negative feedback on an essay they had written and could retaliate against their evaluator by allocating hot sauce for them to consume (Study 4). The six-item SSES interacted with self-esteem instability in expected ways to predict hot sauce allocated.

Validity, reliability, and interpretability of the Brazilian urticaria control test

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. e61-e66
Author(s):  
Sérgio Duarte Dortas Junior ◽  
Solange Oliveira Rodrigues Valle ◽  
Karsten Weller ◽  
Marcus Maurer ◽  
Omar Lupi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Control Test ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Excellent Internal Consistency ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background: The urticaria control test (UCT) is a patient-reported outcome measure designed to determine the current level of disease control in patients with chronic urticaria (CU). Recently, a Brazilian UCT was developed, but its validity and reliability are unknown. Method: The clinimetric properties of the Brazilian UCT short form (UCTsh) and its long form (UCTlg) were determined in 130 patients with CU. In parallel, the urticaria activity scores (UAS) that covers 7 days (UAS7) and 28 days (UAS28) were used to assess disease activity. Subsequently, the results were analyzed statistically to determine the validity, reliability, and interpretability of the Brazilian UCT versions. Results: A total of 107 female (82%) and 23 male patients with CU completed both versions of the Brazilian UCT. Both of the Brazilian UCT versions showed excellent internal consistency reliability. In addition, the Brazilian UCT results showed strong correlations with UAS7 and UAS28 results, which indicated high levels of convergent validity. The test-retest reliability was examined in a subsample of 27 patients with CU and was found to be excellent. Notably, the results of both Brazilian UCT versions correlated extensively, which suggested that the UCTsh can replace the UCTlg without changing the UCT results. Conclusion: The Brazilian UCT is a valid and reliable tool for assessing disease control. To facilitate the use of the Brazilian UCT in global studies and to put a stronger focus on the specificity, we propose that the same cutoff values for well-controlled disease should be used as identified in the original publication of the UCT, i.e., ≥12 points for the UCTsh.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document