scholarly journals Optimization Management for Chili (Capsicum annum L.) Production in Agroforestry System with Coconut (Cocos Nucifera L.) on Local Protected Coastline Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
Dina Ruslanjari ◽  
Priyono Suryanto ◽  
Taufan Alam
Keyword(s):  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Land Evaluation ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Optimization Management ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Potential Land

Bugel coastline areas have the potential for horticulture commodities development. This study's objectives were mapping protected Bugel coastline areas, land evaluation, and yield response of chili in an agroforestry system with coconut trees on Bugel coastline areas. The research was conducted during April-July, 2015, in Bugel coastline areas, Panjatan District, Kulonprogo Regency, Special Province of Yogyakarta. The first stage was the literature study and field mapping by BING satellite imagery. The second method was an actual and potential land evaluation using the FAO version, Sys criteria, and Sys limitation. The third method was using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three blocks as replications. The results showed that a local protected coastline area allowed for the agriculture and forestry crops is >200 meters from the furthest tide point. The actual and potential land evaluation in all agroforestry phases were not suitable and marginally suitable. The initial phase showed the highest fresh fruit weight by 100.30 grams/plant, compared with the intermediate and advanced phases by 88.13 grams/plant 71.54 grams/plant.

scholarly journals Kelapa Sebagai Komponen Bahan Ramuan Obat di Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat dan Pura Pakualaman

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Farah Diba Setiana ◽  
Jumari Jumari ◽  
Endah Dwi Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The People ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Abstrak Kelapa memiliki peran penting bagi Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat dan Pura Pakualaman serta masyarakat sekitarnya karena mempunyai banyak fungsi, salah satunya sebagai bahan ramuan obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemanfaatan kelapa sebagai komponen bahan ramuan. Rancangan penelitian studi kualitatif dengan cara wawancara, studi literatur, survei dan observasi. Informasi dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan April-Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 68 jenis ramuan berbahan kelapa yang digunakan untuk berbagai ramuan yang dikategorikan dalam 14 kategori pengobatan. Ramuan terbanyak yang diketahui dan digunakan oleh masyarakat dalam lingkungan Karaton adalah ramuan perawatan wanita dan anti racun. Kata kunci : Cocos nucifera L, Ramuan Obat, Karaton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Abstract Coconut has an important role for Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Palace and Pura Pakualaman with vinicity society. This study aims to examine the utilization of coconut as a component of the ingredients. Data in this research were obtained by interview with key informants, literature study, survey, questionnaire, and participant observation of traditional ceremony activities. This study is done april-desember 2015. The results showed there are 68 types of herbs made from coconut used for various herbs that are categorized in 14 categories of treatment. The most common ingredients known and used by the people around the Karaton are the ingredients of women’s care and anti-toxins. Keywords: Cocos nucifera L, Medicinal Herb, Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Palace

scholarly journals Characterization of Morphological and Fruit Quality Traits of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Germplasm

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ruining Zhang ◽  
Hongxing Cao ◽  
Chengxu Sun ◽  
Jerome Jeyakumar John Martin
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Fruit Flavor

The evaluation and identification of germplasm resources is an indispensable step in the breeding processes and have important roles in the selection and improvement of new varieties. This research intended to characterize coconut germplasm to determine the quantitative, qualitative, and morphological traits of the stem, leaf, and inflorescence and the fruit characteristics. Sixteen morphological and qualitative traits of 17 coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) germplasm resources from Hainan, China, were investigated to determine the characteristics and advantages of multiple germplasm lines to create the foundation for the cultivation and breeding of coconuts. The results of the correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis indicate a correlation between coconut germplasm factors and their contribution to coconut traits. The results revealed that stem girth at 0.2 m was the most obvious trait, along with the fruit flavor, edible rate, fat content, hole spacing, single fruit weight, and number of female flowers, which reflect most of the information regarding coconut traits and contribute to its value. The PCA and cluster analysis indicated that two high-yield and superior-quality sweet water dwarf coconut germplasms, named ‘15-19’ and ‘15-17’, were suitable for cultivation and production in Hainan, China. The results of this study act a far-reaching influence on the collection and utilization of coconut resources and have an impact on the development and progress of the coconut industry in China.

scholarly journals Carbon Sequestration and Productivity Potential of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Hybrids and Varieties under Coastal Eco-System of Maharashtra

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
S. L. Ghavale ◽  
V. V. Shinde ◽  
S. M. Wankhede ◽  
H. P. Maheswarappa ◽  
P. M. Haldankar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Productivity Potential

Field experiment was carried out at All India Coordinated Research Project on Palms, Regional Coconut Research Station, Bhatye (DBSKKV, Dapoli), Maharashtra, (India) during the period of 2004-2016 to assess the carbon sequestration and productivity potential of twelve coconut hybrids and three varieties which was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Results showed that the two hybrids viz, GBGD x ECT (127.6 nuts/palm/year) and COD x LCT (108.0 nuts/palm/year) are superior with respect to nut production followed by WCT x MYD (107.6 nuts), ECT x GBGD (106.9 nuts) and the standard variety ‘Pratap’. Furthermore, the coconut orchard substantially contributed towards improving the above and below ground carbon stock. The above ground standing biomass and carbon stock recorded was the highest in the variety East Coast Tall (312 kg/plant and 27.32 t/ha, respectively) followed by hybrid WCT x GBGD (308.69 kg/plant and 27.01 t/ha, respectively) and the lowest was in hybrid MYD x ECT (138.71 kg/plant and 12.14 t/ha, respectively). The highest soil carbon stock 39.12 t/ha and 37.16 t/ha at 0-30 and 31-60 cm depth was recorded in the rhizosphere of hybrid ECT x MYD and the lowest soil carbon stock (35.52 t/ha and 34.71 t/ha) was observed in hybrid PHOT x GBGD.

scholarly journals GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES OF OLIVE IN REPRODUCTIVE CHARAC-TERISTICS AND FRUIT YIELD RESPONSE TO DEFICIT IRRIGATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Rahmatollah Gholami ◽  
Seyed Morteza Zahedi
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Superior Olive ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Water is the most important environmental factor in growth and fruit yield of trees. To study the effect of deficit irrigation on reproductive characteristics and yield of seven superior olive genotypes of D1, Dd1, Gw, Ps1, Bn3, Bn6, and Ds17, the present research was accomplished in Dallaho Olive Research Station of Sarpol-e zahab, Kermanshah, Iran, in 2014 and 2015. Seven superior olive genotypes were studied in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and three irrigation regimes. The irrigation treatments include: 100% full irrigation (control), 75% deficit irrigation, and 50% deficit irrigation applied during the growth season. The results indicated that the genotypes had different reactions to the deficit irrigation regimes. Dd1 had the highest fruit weight while the lowest fruit weight was observed in Ps1 and Gw. The highest fruit yield was found in Bn3, Bn6, and Dd1 while the lowest was observed in Ps1. As a result, Bn6 and Dd1 are introduced as the genotypes which are resistant to drought in the field.

scholarly journals Respons pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa kopyor (Cocos nucifera L.) belum menghasilkan terhadap pemberian pupuk anorganik yang dikombinasikan dengan pupuk organik cair

Kultivasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1069
Author(s):  
Fatwa Halimah Risandi ◽  
Mira Ariyanti ◽  
Mochamad Arief Soleh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
The Right

Sari. Kelapa kopyor merupakan salah satu plasma nutfah yang ada di Indonesia dan potensial untuk dikembangkan. Upaya peningkatan produktivitas kelapa kopyor dapat  melalui pemupukan, yaitu dengan pemberian pupuk anorganik dan pupuk organik cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemupukan yang tepat untuk tanaman kelapa kopyor belum menghasilkan dengan kombinasi pupuk anorganik dan pupuk organik cair. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Lahan PT. Mekar Unggul Sari (Taman Buah Mekarsari), Cileungsi, Bogor, Jawa Barat, pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Desember 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), yang terdiri dari 16 perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 2 tanaman dan diulang sebanyak 2 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kombinasi dosis 50% pupuk anorganik dengan 25% dosis pupuk organik cair dari dosis anjuran cenderung berpengaruh baik pada parameter pertambahan tinggi tanaman, lilit batang, dan  jumlah daun, sementara kombinasi dosis 75% pupuk anorganik dan 125% dosis pupuk organik cair cenderung meningkatkan rata-rata luas daun.Kata kunci : Pupuk anorganik ∙ Pupuk organik cair ∙ Kelapa kopyor Abstract. Kopyor coconut is one of the germplasm from Indonesia and potential to be developed. Efforts to increase the productivity of kopyor coconut can be through fertilization, by providing inorganic fertilizers and liquid organic fertilizers. This study aimed to understand the right fertilization for young kopyor coconut plants that applied by combination of of inorganic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer. This research was conducted at the PT. Mekar Unggul Sari (Mekarsari Fruit Garden), Cileungsi, Bogor, West Java, from July to December 2018. It used a Randomized Block Design (RBD), that consisted of 16 treatments and each treatment consisted of 2 plants and repeated 2 times. The results showed that the combination of 50% dosage of inorganic fertilizer with 25% dosage of liquid organic fertilizer had a trendto give better effect on plant height, stem diameter, and leaf number, while 75% dosage of inorganic fertilizer with 125% dosage of liquid organic fertilizer tend to gave better effect on leaf area.Keywords : Inorganic fertilizer ∙ Liquid organic fertilizer ∙ Kopyor coconut

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK FISIK dan PRODUKSI KELAPA DALAM (Cocos nucifera L) di BERBAGAI EKOLOGI LAHAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudi Hartawan ◽  
Arif Sarjono
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Adaptation Level ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

AbstractThe growing environment plays an important role in the plant's phenotype. The suitability of the environment will bring up the genetic potential mainly on coconut production. The expected output of this research is to know the adaptation level of coconut crops different land ecology. The research was carried out in January to August 2016 at: 1) tidal lands in Lagan Ulu village of Geragai Sub-district of  Tanjung Jabung Timur with altitude 0-10 m above sea level, 2) in the lowland Ramin village Kumpeh Ulu Subdistrict Muaro Jambi regency with a height of 10-100 m above sea level, 3) Moderate land in Wanareja village of Rimbo Ulu Subdistrict Tebo regency with an altitude of 100-500 m above sea level and 4) Highland in Seberang village Sungai Penuh subdistrick Sungai Penuh City, with an altitude 500 m above sea level. Laboratory analysis conducted in July 2016 in  laboratorium dasar University Batanghari. Research conducted by survey methods in community gardens and arranged in environment randomized block design namely tidal areas, lowland, moderate land, and highland. Each altitude of land was three farmers. Porposifly as a block of design. The parameters are the palnt physical, reproduction age, agronomy, action estimation of production potential, soil acidity and daily temperatures. Data of research are analyzed by description method such as tabulated data form and anova test (α=5%) was used of inferential analysis. The result of this research showed that there was a significantly effect of land altitude on production potential and phisical characteristic of coconut trees. The coconut trees showed optimally growth and production in moderate land (100-500m above sea level). Keywords: coconut, cultivation, crop production. AbstrakLingkungan tumbuh berperan penting dalam produksi tanaman Kelapa Dalam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat adaptasi tanaman Kelapa Dalam pada berbagai ekologi lahan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Agustus 2016 di: 1) lahan pasang surut di Desa Lagan Ulu, Kecamatan Geragai, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur dengan ketinggian 0-10 m dpl, 2) dataran rendah di Desa Ramin, Kecamatan Kumpeh Ulu, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi dengan ketinggian 10-100 m dpl, 3) dataran sedang di Desa Wanareja, Kecamatan Rimbo Ulu, Kabupaten Tebo dengan ketinggian 100-500 m dpl dan 4) dataran tinggi di Desa Seberang, Kecamatan Sungai Penuh, Kota Sungai Penuh, dengan ketinggian >500 m dpl. Analisis laboratorium dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2016 di Laboratorium Dasar Universitas Batanghari. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey di kebun-kebun masyarakat dan disusun dalam rancangan lingkungan acak kelompok dengan rancangan perlakuan ekologi lahan yaitu daerah pasang surut, dataran rendah, dateran sedang dan dataran tinggi. Tiap-tiap ekologi lahan diambil tiga petani sampel secara sengaja yang dijadikan blok dalam rancangan. Peubah yang diamati adalah fisik tanaman, umur berproduksi, tindakan agronomi, estimasi potensi produksi, kemasaman tanah dan suhu harian. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan metode deskripsi dalam bentuk tabulasi dan inferensi dilakukan dengan uji anova taraf α 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Ekologi lahan berpengaruh nyata terhadap potensi produksi dan karakteristik fisik tanaman Kelapa Dalam. Tanaman Kelapa Dalam dapat tumbuh, berkembang dan berproduksi dengan baik di daerah dataran sedang dengan ketinggian 100-500 m dpl. Kata kunci: Kelapa Dalam, budidaya, produksi tanaman

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Tanaman Jagung dan Kelapa Pada Lahan Praktek Sekolah Pertanian Pembangunan Kota Ambon, Provinsi Maluku

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Hendrico F Hehakaya ◽  
Willem A Siahaya ◽  
Rafael M Osok
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Land Evaluation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

The basic role of land evaluation is to assess the suitability of a land for a particular use. The student practical land of Ambon Agricultural Development School have been utilized without land an evaluation study. This research aimed to determine land suitability for of corn (Zea mays L.) and coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) and to propose the land improvement practices for the student practical land. The method used was a survey with a synthetic approach. The obervation type was Rigrid Grid with 20 m distance between lines and points observation. The results showed three  land suitability classes for corn and coconut cultivation,namely S3 (marginally suitable), N1 (currently not suitable) and N2 (permanently not suitable). The limiting factors for land use were root media, nutrient retention, nutrient availability and slope. Improvement efforts to overcome the limiting factors of BS (base saturation) for the cultivation of corn and coconut could be done by liming or adding organic matter, with moderate management. The limiting factors of N-total, and P2O­5­­ could be improved by  fertilization, with a low to moderate level of management, while the slope limiting factor could not be improved due to very high costs. Based on the soil fertility criteria, the soil fertility status of the study area is low and very low. Keywords: Ambon City, coconut, corn, land suitabilit, school practical land   ABSTRAK Peran dasar evaluasi lahan adalah menilai kesesuaian lahan untuk penggunaan tertentu. Lahan praktek siswa Sekolah Pengembangan Pertanian Ambon telah dimanfaatkan tanpa melalui studi evaluasi lahan yang memadai sehingga hasil yang diperoleh belum optimal. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan evaluasi kesesuaian lahan dalam bentuk penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan kelas dan sub kelas kesesuaian lahan dan faktor pembatas untuk budidaya tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) dan kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) serta merekomendasikan tindakan perbaikan lahan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan pendekatan sintetik dan tipe observasi Rigrid Grid.  Jarak jalur observasi dan jarak titik pengamatan dalam jalur 20 meter. Hasil penilaian menunjukkan tiga kelas kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman jagung dan kelapa, yaitu S3 (sesuai marginal), N1 (tidak sesuai saat ini) dan N2 (tidak sesuai selamanya). Faktor pembatas untuk pemanfaatan lahan adalah media perakaran, retensi hara, ketersediaan hara dan kelerengan. Upaya perbaikan untuk mengatasi faktor pembatas KB (kejenuhan basa) untuk budidaya tanaman jagung dan kelapa dapat dilakukan dengan cara pengapuran atau penambahan bahan organik, dengan tingkat pengelolaan sedang. Sedangkan perbaikan terhadap faktor pembatas N-total, dan P2O­5­­ dapat dilakukan dengan cara pemupukan, dengan tingkat pengelolaan rendah sampai sedang. Untuk faktor pembatas kelerengan tidak dapat dilakukan perbaikan karena sulit diatasi dan memerlukan biaya yang sangat tinggi. Berdasarkan kriteria kesuburan tanah, status kesuburan tanah lokasi penelitian berkisar dari sangat rendah sampai rendah. Kata kunci:  jagung, lahan praktek sekolah,  kelapa, kesesuaian lahan, kota Ambon

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN GENETIK ANTAR SEMBILAN AKSESI KELAPA ASAL PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
ELSJE TENDA ◽  
MEITY TULALO ◽  
MIFTAHORRACHMAN MIFTAHORRACHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Informasi jarak genetik dan hubungan kekerabatan sangatdiperlukan dalam merakit varietas unggul. Semakin jauh jarak genetikantar tetua maka peluang dihasilkan kultivar baru dengan variabilitasgenetik yang luas akan menjadi semakin besar. Sebaliknya, persilanganantar tetua berkerabat dekat akan menghasilkan variabilitas yang sempit.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2007 di Kabupaten MinahasaUtara, Minahasa Selatan dan Bolaang Mongondow, Sulawesi Utara. Disetiap kabupaten ditetapkan tiga desa contoh pada ketinggian yangberbeda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkatkekerabatan dan jarak genetik sembilan aksesi plasma nutfah kelapa asalSulawesi Utara yang akan digunakan sebagai materi pemuliaan dalamperakitan kelapa unggul. Untuk mengetahui kekerabatan antara sembilanaksesi kelapa tersebut diukur jarak genetiknya dengan menggunakanperhitungan nilai D 2 statistik dari Mahalanobis didasarkan pada delapankarakter komponen buah, yaitu panjang buah, lebar buah, berat buah utuh,berat buah tanpa sabut, berat buah tanpa air, berat daging buah, tebaldaging buah, dan berat tempurung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwakesembilan aksesi kelapa tersebut membentuk lima kelompok dan jarakgenetik terbesar terdapat antara kelompok II (Dalam Lansot, DalamMongkonai, Dalam Dua Saudara) dan IV (Dalam Kaleosan, Dalam Kema)dengan nilai D 2 = 2.196,57. Sumbangan terbesar terjadinya jarak genetiktersebut diperoleh dari karakter tebal daging buah.</p><p>Kata kunci : Cocos nucifera L., kekerabatan, genetik, kelapa dalam</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Genetic relationship among nine coconut accessions fromNorth SulawesiThe research was conducted in May 2007 at North Minahasa, SouthMinahasa, and Bolaang Mongondow Regions, North Sulawesi Province.From each region, three villages with different elevation were determined.The objective of the research was to find out genetic relationship amongnine coconut germplasm accessions for breeding material in composinghigh yielding coconut. The genetic relationships were estimated using D 2Mahalanobis Statistics based on eight characters of fruit component, suchas length of fruit, width of fruit, fruit weight, unhusked fruit weight,weight of fruit without water, weight of endosperm, thickness of kernel,and weight of shell. The result showed that the nine accessions weredivided into five groups and the widest genetic distance had been foundbetween group II (Lansot Tall, Mongkonai Tall, Dua Saudara Tall) and IV(Kaleosan Tall, Kema Tall) with the D 2  value of 2,196.57. The highestcontribution to the genetic relationship was thick of kernel (50%contribution). Lansot Tall and Kaleosan Tall can be used as parents forprepotent coconut.</p><p>Key words : Cocos nucifera L., genetic relationship, tall coconut</p>

scholarly journals Performance of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) hybrids for yield and quality in the Utkal plain region of Odisha state, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
S. C. Sahoo ◽  
S. Sumitha ◽  
A. K. Karna ◽  
G. Mishra ◽  
H. P. Maheswarappa
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Climatic Region ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plain Region ◽  
Evaluation Trial ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Cocos nucifera L. is a perennial oil yielding crop with a long productive life span (>60 years); thus, identifying a suitable high yielding hybrid to a particular agro-climatic region plays a prime role in achieving sustainable coconut yield. In this context, an evaluation trial with varietal cross combinations involving Tall × Dwarf (six crosses) and Dwarf × Tall (two crosses) was conducted at All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Palms, Bhubaneshwar Centre, Odisha, for 15 years. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications maintaining six palms per replication. Observations on yield and yield attributing characters during 2018 to 2020 revealed the superior performance of ECT × GBGD (99.1 nuts), which was followed by ECT × MYD (86.9 nuts) over the local check (ECT) by recording higher nut yield. Copra output per palm was significantly the highest under ECT × GBGD (20.6 kg palm-1), followed by LCT × COD (18.6 kg palm-1). Hybrids possessed a higher quantity of organoleptically ‘good’ tender nut water (270.3 to 354.1 mL) with TSS of 5.8 to 6.9 °Brix, 25.4 to 34.0 ppm of sodium and 2065.9 to 2885.0 ppm of potassium.

scholarly journals Yield Response of Winter Squash to Irrigation Regime and Planting Density

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1190-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Wetzel ◽  
Alexandra Stone
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Overhead Irrigation ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Winter Squash ◽  
Weight Number

Consumers are increasingly interested in buying local vegetables in the fall and winter. Winter squash is an important vegetable crop for local and regional fall and winter markets, and consumers are increasingly seeking high-culinary value Cucurbita maxima types such as kabocha and buttercup. Although consumer demand for kabocha and buttercup squash is increasing, Oregon farmers report they are marginally profitable. The goals of this project were 1) to identify productive kabocha and buttercup varieties for western Oregon when grown with or without overhead irrigation and 2) to describe the effects of planting density on yield, fruit weight, number of fruit per hectare, and fruit per plant. Seven varieties of C. maxima winter squash, including kabochas and buttercups, and one interspecific (C. maxima × C. moschata) hybrid ‘Tetsukabuto’ were grown in a split-split plot randomized complete block design experiment with irrigation as the main plot, planting density as the subplot, and variety as the sub-subplot. Four replications of four different planting densities for eight varieties were grown in 2016 and 2017. Irrigated planting densities ranged from 8611–32,292 plants/ha (0.86–3.2 plants/m2) and dryland planting densities ranged from 3827–14,352 plants/ha (0.38–1.4 plants/m2) in 2016 and 5741–21,528 plants/ha (0.57–2.2 plants/m2) in 2017. The seven C. maxima types had statistically comparable yield under both irrigated and dryland production, with an average yield of 33.9 t·ha−1 with irrigation and 19.4 t·ha−1 without irrigation. Dryland yields in 2016 and 2017 were 76% and 37% of irrigated yields, respectively. ‘Tetsukabuto’ had the greatest yield (mean, 51.4 t·ha−1), the greatest number of fruit per hectare (mean, 12,080), and the greatest number of fruit per plant (mean, 1.94) when grown with irrigation, and yielded comparably with other varieties when grown in dryland production. Planting density impacted the fruit weight, number of fruit per hectare, and number of fruit per plant, although it did not impact yield statistically in both irrigated and dryland production. Average fruit weight decreased linearly from 1.89 to 1.30 kg for the irrigated trials, from 2.04 to 1.56 kg in the 2016 dryland trial, and from 1.42 to 0.93 kg in the 2017 dryland trial as planting density increased from 0.86 to 3.2, 0.38 to 1.4, and 0.57 to 2.2 plants/m2, respectively. The number of fruit per hectare increased linearly from 6660 to 10,590 as the number of plants per hectare increased from 8611 to 32,292 plants/ha for the irrigated trials, because even at the lowest planting density, plants did not produce more than two fruit per plant on average across varieties when grown with irrigation. Farmers can manipulate squash fruit size to suit market preferences by changing planting density. The very low 2017 dryland yields were likely a result of unusually high summer temperatures in western Oregon. Increasingly hot summers may render dryland squash production unfeasible in this region.

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