Racial Discrimination in Kathryn Stockett’s "The Help"

Lexicon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Putri Maurilla
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
The Novel ◽  
White People ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Discrimination

Kathryn Stockett’s novel titled The Help is a narrative novel about the lives of African-American maids named Aibileen and Minny who received discriminative treatments from the white masters around 1960s in Southern United States. This research aims to answer two objectives, which are; to explore the racial discrimination acts toward the black maids and to investigate the effects of racial discrimination to the black maids’ lives. Since the present writer analyzes the discriminative treatments from the white masters toward the black maids based on the real social condition in the era of 1960s in Southern United States, Sociological Approach is considered as the most suitable approach to be applied. In addition, Fred L. Pincus’s theory about type of discrimination is also used in analyzing the discrimination acts. The result of this research paper shows there are two types of discrimination as seen in the novel; individual discrimination and institutional discrimination, and those discrimination acts reflect the social condition of 1960s in Southern United States. Meanwhile, racial discrimination affects the lives of the black maids in term of distrust toward white people and insecurity.

scholarly journals STRATIFIKASI SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL BUMI MANUSIA KARYA PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER: PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA [Social Stratification in Bumi Manusia Novel by Pramoedya Ananta Toer: Literature Sociological Approach]

TOTOBUANG ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Nurul Arpa Lestaluhu ◽  
Falantino Eryk Latupapua
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sociology Of Literature ◽  
Stratification Theory ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pramoedya Ananta Toer ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Social Level

This paper was the result of a qualitative research used sociology of literature approach.  by descriptive method describing the social stratification in Bumi Manusia by Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s. The Data  had descriptively analyzed by literature sociological theory, particularly through Social Stratification Theory. The Social Stratification points to the element of social level  which consists of ascribed status and achieved status. Thus, the result describes the social stratification that occurs in the novel Bumi Manusia as ascribed status and achieved status. Finally, there are several determinants which constructing social stratification. Those factors are: power, marriage, attitude, resistance, struggle, effort or hardwork. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra melalui penerapan metode deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan stratifikasi sosial yang tampak dalam novel Bumi Manusia karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan perspektif teori sosiologi sastra, khususnya teori stratifikasi sosial. Stratifikasi sosial menyasar pada unsur kedudukan yang terdiri atas ascribed status (status alamiah) dan achieved status (status yang diusahakan). Sebagai temuan, artikel ini mendeskripsikan stratifikasi sosial yang terjadi dalam novel Bumi Manusia yaitu berupa unsur kedudukan ascribed status (status alamiah) dan achieved status (status yang diusahakan) dan terdapat beberapa determina dalam membentuk stratifikasi sosial  yaitu kekuasaan, pernikahan, sikap, perlawanan, perjuangan, usaha, dan kerja keras.

scholarly journals Book Review: Field Recordings of Black Singers and Musicians: An Annotated Discography of Artists from West Africa, the Caribbean and the Eastern and Southern United States, 1901–1943

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Molly Molloy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Sound Recording ◽  
African Music ◽  
Field Recordings ◽  
The Caribbean

This last work of author/compiler Craig Martin Gibbs joins his other unique discographies from the same publisher—Black Recording Artists, 1877–1926: An Annotated Discography (2012) and Calypso and Other Music of Trinidad, 1912–1962: An Annotated Discography (2015)—to provide detailed access to the legacy of African American and African music from the earliest years of sound recording. As noted in the front matter, Craig Martin Gibbs died in October 2017.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Elaine Allen Lechtreck
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Gospel ◽  
Southern States ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Martin Luther King

The introduction includes Bible verses cited by ministers to defend segregation and verses to oppose segregation. There are slices of the history of the United States, the Civil Rights Movement, and African American history. The southern states, where white ministers confronted segregation, are identified. The term “minister” is explained as well as the variety of labels given these ministers ranging from “Liberal,” Progressive,” “Neo-Orthodox,” “Evangelical Liberal,” “open conservative,” ‘Last Hurrah of the Social Gospel Movement” to “Trouble Maker,” “Traitor, “ “Atheist,” “Communist,” “N_____ Lover.” Rachel Henderlite, the only woman minister mentioned in the book, is identified. Synopses of the book’s seven chapters are included. Comments by historians David Chappell, Charles Reagan Wilson, Martin Luther King, Jr., Ernest Campbell, and Thomas Pettigrew are cited.

Where Spirituality Ebbs and Flows: Religion and Diasporic Alienation in Ask the Dust

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
Suzanne Manizza Roszak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
John Fante ◽  
White Majority ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Ebb And Flow

In recent scholarship on the work of John Fante, issues of spirituality and the sacred have not been a popular emphasis. Yet in Ask the Dust spirituality is intrinsically tied to representations of the Italian diasporic experience in the United States, including social alienation and selective accommodation, two key concepts in diaspora theory. Despite his self-professed Americanism, Fante’s protagonist Arturo Bandini faces alienation by members of Los Angeles’s white majority, and he hesitates to adopt entirely the social mores of this culture into which he has thrust himself. The ensuing ebb and flow of his spirituality becomes a barometer of both of these experiences. Bandini’s skepticism about organized religion and even the existence of God marks his attempts to shake off his Italian cultural inheritance and accommodate the norms of secular, consumerist America. At the same time, he exhibits almost violent bursts of investment and pride in Catholic doctrine and culture that indicate the depth of his alienation in 1930s Los Angeles. Tracing this ebb and flow of investment in the sacred allows us to reach a more nuanced understanding of both the novel and the Italian diasporic experience in the United States.

scholarly journals Sati tradition its origin and change as reflected in Around the World in 80 Days: A sociological approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Zakiyyah Attasyriky ◽  
Hendra Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Government Authority

This research aims at investigating the main character's disobedience toward Sati tradition in Around the World in 80 Days: a Sociological Approach. The research method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method so the researcher analyzes the data in this research through description. There are two main results of this research. First, the main character’s disobedience toward Sati tradition are (1) the main character’s disobedience in India Forest (being displeased with government authority, hope of reform); (2) the main character’s disobedience in Calcutta (law enforcement); (3) the main character’s disobedience in United States of America (injustice occur). Second, the moral values can be taken from the novel are divided into positive and negative values.

scholarly journals Perjuangan Kesetaraan Gender Tokoh Wanita Dan Nilai Pendidikan Dalam Novel Gadis Kretek Karya Ratih Kumala

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Journal Journal ◽  
Maftuhah
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Educational Values ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract: This study aims to describe and explain: (1) the struggle forgender equality of female characters in Ratih Kumala's novel KretekGirl, and (2) educational values in Ratih Kumala's novel Kretek Girl.This type of research is qualitative research. This study used descriptivequalitative method. Qualitative descriptive method is a researchprocedure that produces description data in the form of words. Theresearch data is a novel by Kretek Girl by Ratih Kumala.This study usesa feminism approach to describe the profile of female characters, thestruggle for gender equality, and the sociological approach of literatureto find out about the social conditions of the community in RatihKumala's novel Kretek Girl. The data collection technique used in thisstudy was to read the entire contents of the novel and document analysis.The results of this study are as follows: (1) The struggle for genderequality of female leaders in Ratih Kumala's novel Kretek Gadis isagainst forms of gender injustice in the form of (a) stereotypes, (b)marginalization of women, (c) subordination of work, and (d) internalviolence household. (2) Ratih Kumala's novel Kretek Girls educationalvalues include: (a) the value of religious education that emphasizesbetween humans and God, (b) the value of social education refers to therelationship of individuals to other individuals in a society (c) the valueof education morals that relate to the good or bad of human behavior,and (d) the value of cultural / customary education that is related totradition, people's habits.

scholarly journals REALITAS SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL LONTARA RINDU KARYA S. GEGGE MAPPANGEWA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Ayu Safitri ◽  
Irianto Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Teachers And Students

Abstract  : This research is motivated by the consideration that the novel Lontara Rindu by S. Gegge Mappangewa is very thick in presenting social realities that exist in society . The problem in this research is how is the social reality in the novel Lontara Rindu by S. Gegge Mappangewa ?. This study aims to describe the social reality contained in the novel Lontara Rindu by S. Gegge Mappangewa. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. This research is a type of library research. The data in this study are written data in the form of novel texts which cover the social reality in the novel. the source of this research data is the Lontara Rindu novel by S. Gegge Mappangewa published by Republika, south Jakarta, the first printing in 2012 and consists of 343 pages. Data collection techniques used note-taking techniques. The data in this study were analyzed using the sociological approach to literary works. Based on the research results , it can be concluded that the social reality in the novel Lontara Rindu by S. Gegge Mappangewa . Consisting of three realitas social is the social reality of the culture,  realitas social education, and realitas social about religion. Social reality about culture, including beliefs, habits, cultural customs, and customary law. The reality about education, that is, teachers and students, teachers and society, and the reality of religion illustrates the values of religious teachings and the values of love for God Keywords; The novel ; Reality ; Sociology of Literary Works.

scholarly journals #aintnobodygottimeforthat: cultural appropriation, stylization and the social life of hashtag interjectionality

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Anne H. Fabricius
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
African American ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Language Use ◽  
American English ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Appropriation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

Th is paper will discuss a particular hashtag meme as one example of a potential new manifestation of interjectionality, engendered and fostered in the written online context of social media. Th e case derives from a video meme and hashtag from the United States which ‘went viral’ in 2012. We will ask to what extent hashtags might perform interjectional-type functions over and above their referential functions, thereby having links to other, more prototypically interjectional elements. Th e case will also be discussed from multiple sociolinguistic perspectives: as an example of the (indirect) signifying of ‘whiteness’ through ‘black’ discourse, as cultural appropriation in the context of potential policing of these racial divides in the United States, and as a case of performative stylization which highlights grammatical markers while simultaneously downplaying phonological markers of African American English. We will end by speculating as to the implications of the rise of (variant forms of) hashtags for processes of creative language use in the future.

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