scholarly journals ASSESSMENT ON PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS ALONG WITH MMAS SCORE IN A RURAL COMMUNITY: A HOME BASED SCREENING

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Krishnaveni Kandasamy ◽  
Shanmuga Sundaram Rajagopal ◽  
Kameswaran Ramalingam ◽  
Karthikeyan Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Home Based

Objectives: In India, a study on hypertension (HTN) prevalence conducted in a community over a period of 3–6 decades showed an increase of 30% in urban population and 10% in rural population. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of HTN and pre-HTN in a rural community and also to find the significance of risk factors which precipitate to it.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural community of Salem district, Tamil Nadu, India. HTN and pre-HTN was defined by the Joint National Committee 8th report guidelines. Patient data’s (sociodemographic variables, lifestyle factors, and medical reports) were collected with the help of questionnaire. Identified hypertensive patients were assessed with MMAS-8 questionnaire.Results: During the study period of 8 months, 425 subjects were screened and studied for HTN and pre-HTN. More than half (69.4%) of the study group were found to be hypertensive. Of the 295 reported cases, 228 (53.6% of 425) were “known” cases of HTN and 67 (15.8% of 425) were newly diagnosed cases. A positive association (p<0.05) was observed between HTN and age, body mass index (BMI), alcohol, and tobacco use other than smoking. 75 patients were found to be prehypertensive, in that 57.3% (43 cases) were male and 42.7% (32 cases) were female. Majority of hypertension patients (66%) were with low adherence than 24% medium and 10% high adherence towards their medications.Conclusion: Our study concluded that the prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN was higher among the study population, so there is a need for screening of individuals at the early age group. Further studies are needed to observe and confiscate the reasons why majority of hypertensive patients with low medication adherence.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among bank workers of Kathmandu

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Jagdish Chataut ◽  
Sumira Dahal ◽  
Abha Shrestha ◽  
Mukta Singh Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bank Employees

Background: Bank workers are exposed to risk factors which make them a potential occupational risk group for hypertension and information on the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among bank workers in Nepal is very scarce.   Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among bank employees in Kathmandu district.   Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 416 bank employees of commercial banks of Kathmandu district. The information was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire in the workplace which included demographic information of individuals and other risk factors like alcohol,tobacco use and physical activity. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were recorded and hypertension was defined as per Joint National Committee VII criteria. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences version 23.   Results: Prevalence of hypertension was found to be 11.3%. Of the 47 participants with hypertension, 40(85.1%) were known cases while 7(14.9%) were newly diagnosed. Age, gender, marital status, overweight (BMI ≥25), smoking, alcohol consumption, having diabetes, and family history of -hypertension were found to have significant association with hypertension in univariate analysis. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that gender, having diabetes and physical activity had independent and significant association with hypertension. Conclusion: Based on the findings from the study, we can conclude that hypertension is significantly associated with gender, physical activity and diabetes. Measures for early detection of hypertension and diabetes are required and health education regarding lifestyle modifications is recommended.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF DIAGNOSED AND UNDIAGNOSED DIABETES IN A RURAL COMMUNITY: A HOME-BASED SCREENING

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Krishnaveni Kandasamy ◽  
Shanmuga Sundaram Rajagopal ◽  
Kameswaran Ramalingam ◽  
Karthickeyan Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes

Objectives: Diabetes is one of the main global risks of mortality and is seen with a drastic rise in developing nations in accordance with rise in age. The main aim of the study is to find the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and its associated risk factors among the rural community based on diagnostic criteria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural community of Salem district, Tamil Nadu, India. Patient data (demographics, lifestyle factors, and medical reports) were collected with the help of a questionnaire.Results: Of 780 populations, 425 were included for the screening of diabetes based on inclusion criteria. Of the 425 screened samples, 224 (52.7%) were diagnosed with diabetes. From these 224 diabetic cases, 133 (31.3%) were known cases of diabetes, 26 (6.1%) were newly diagnosed diabetic cases, and 65 (15.3%) were pre-diabetic cases. Most of the diabetic patients 140 (62.5%) were illiterate, and 159 (71%) were never had physical activities. A positive association (p<0.05) was observed between diabetes and age, body mass index (BMI) and tobacco use other than smoking. 65 patients were found to be pre-diabetes, among which 41.5% (27 cases) were male and 58.5% (38 cases) were female. A positive association (p<0.05) was observed between pre-diabetes and age, family history of diabetes and HTN, BMI, and lifestyle factors such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and smoking.Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the burden of diabetes was observed to be increasing in India and it is becoming common among communities. Patient awareness and timely diagnosis and intervention may limit the progression of the disease.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Modifiable Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases Among Adults in Rural Community, Lahore

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaira Ejaz ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Muhammad Hussain ◽  
Hajra Sarwar ◽  
Syed Amir Gilani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Community People ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are group of disorders of heart, blood and vessels. Major risk factors are hypertension, cigarette smoking, high fat, diabetes, obesity and physically inactive. In Pakistan, prevalence data for the Cardiovascular disease is sparse, and literature indicates that there is 30-40% of all deaths in Pakistan due to cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among adults in rural community, Lahore. Methods: This was descriptive cross-sectional study. Convenient sampling was used. Data were collected from adults of rural community Lahore. The sample size was 110. KAP questionnaire was used to collect the data. Ethical permission was obtained and data was analyzed by SPSS version 21. Results: The findings of the research were good knowledge with (67%) high response of correct answer of “Smoking is risk factor of CVD”. The attitudes were negative, (28%) high correct response for “Do exercise for good health”. The practices were very poor regarding the risk-factors of cardiovascular diseases.Conclusion: The knowledge of participants towards the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases was somehow better. The attitude was comparatively negative and practices were poor. No one was following regular exercises, dietary modifications, manage stress and smoking. Rural community people should modify their lifestyle to improve their practices. There is need for health education campaign in the rural community to minimize the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 5, Issue-3: 76-82 

scholarly journals Agreement between 2017 ACC/AHA Hypertension Clinical Practice Guidelines and Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee Guidelines to Estimate Prevalence of Postmenopausal Hypertension in a Rural Area of Bangladesh: A Cross Sectional Study

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barua ◽  
Faruque ◽  
Banik ◽  
Ali
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint National Committee ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background and objectives: Justification for application of 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines to detect hypertension (HTN) among Bangladeshi population is understudied. This prompted us to examine the level of agreement between 2017 ACC/AHA and Joint National Committee 7 (JNC 7) guidelines to detect postmenopausal HTN in a rural area of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 265 postmenopausal women of 40–70 years of age who visited a rural primary health care centre of Bangladesh. HTN was diagnosed based on two definitions: the JNC 7 guidelines (SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg), and the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines (SBP ≥ 130 mmHg, or DBP ≥ 80 mmHg). The prevalence of postmenopausal HTN, its sub-types and stages were reported and compared using frequency and percentage. Agreement was evaluated using Cohen’s Kappa (κ), Prevalence-Adjusted Bias-Adjusted Kappa (PABAK) and First-order Agreement Coefficient (AC1). Results: The prevalence of postmenopausal HTN was 67.5% and 41.9% using 2017 ACC/AHA and JNC 7 guidelines respectively. Among the HTN sub-types and stages, the new 2017 ACC/AHA guideline classified higher proportion of respondents as having isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) (42.6%) and stage 2 HTN (35.8%) compared to JNC 7 (28.7% and 6.8% respectively). On the other hand, the JNC 7 guideline identified more respondents as pre-hypertensive (32.5%) when compared with the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline (3.8%). Between two guidelines, highest agreement was observed for ISH (86.03%) and those had pre-hypertension/elevated blood pressure (71.3%). Similarly, Landis & Koch’s approach detected highest agreement for ISH (κ = 0.74, substantial; PABAK = 0.76, substantial; AC1 = 0.84, excellent; p < 0.001) and pre-hypertension/elevated blood pressure (κ= 0.12, slight; PABAK = 0.42, moderate; AC1 = 0.83, excellent; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The 2017 ACC/AHA HTN guideline reported high agreement and detected more participants as hypertensive when compared with JNC 7 guideline for Bangladeshi postmenopausal women that demands further large-scale study in general population to clarify the current findings more precisely.

scholarly journals Risk factors and the prevalence of leptospirosis infection in a rural community of Chiapas, Mexico

2003 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 1149-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. LEAL-CASTELLANOS ◽  
R. GARCÍA-SUÁREZ ◽  
E. GONZÁLEZ-FIGUEROA ◽  
J. L. FUENTES-ALLEN ◽  
J. ESCOBEDO-DE LA PEÑA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern State ◽  
Animal Excreta ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Unknown Area

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mapastepec, a rural community of the southern state of Chiapas, Mexico. The overall prevalence of leptospirosis infection in 1169 subjects was 37·7% [95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 34·9–40·5]. The main risk factors related to leptospirosis infection were flooding, mainly if subjects had a skin cut or abrasion [odds ratio (OR) 4·2; 95% CI 3·1–5·7], having domestic animals, either dogs and/or cats (OR 1·3; 95% CI 0·96–1·8) or cattle and/or pigs (OR 1·9; 95% CI 1·3–2·7), contact with animal excreta with no protection and with a skin cut or abrasion (OR 2·3; 95% CI 1·1–4·6). Those subjects with a dengue infection in the previous year had also an excess risk (OR 1·4; 95% CI 0·9–2·0). Mapastepec is a previously unknown area with high endemicity. Specific preventive measures should be adopted to prevent any contact with infected animals, and animal immunization should also be implemented. There is need of an epidemiological surveillance system to allow proper diagnosis.

scholarly journals Association of neck circumference and hypertension among adults in a rural community Thailand: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256260
Author(s):  
Panuwat Soitong ◽  
Saowaluck Jangjaicharoen ◽  
Apisit Kaewsanit ◽  
Parinya Mali ◽  
Yada Viriyakhaikul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction Hypertension (HT) is a major non-communicable disease worldwide and a growing global public health problem. Although several studies have investigated the independent associations of neck circumference (NC) and hypertension, no such studies have been conducted among the Thai population. Aim This study aims to identify risk factors associated with hypertension, which may be used to predict HT among asymptomatic adults residing in a remote rural community in central Thailand. Method 1,084 adults were included in this community-based cross-sectional study by a population-based total survey. The participants were included those who had been living in 6 villages in the rural community in the central area of Thailand. Anthropometric information, NC, body composition indexes such as waist circumference and blood pressure were measured. Logistic regression models were fitted to calculate the multi-variable adjusted prevalence and the association of NC with HT. Result The prevalence of HT among adults in the rural community was 27.7% (95% CI: 25.0–30.3). Of the 300 adults with HT, 164 participants (54.7%) were found within the unawareness HT category. We found that associated factors with HT were included larger neck circumference both continuous and categorical (≥ 37.5 in male, ≥ 32.5 in female), pre-existing diabetes mellitus, male, and higher body mass index. Conclusion Almost one-third of participants in the remote rural areas presented hypertension. NC was associated with HT independent from other risk factors. NC is a simple and useful anthropometric index to identify HT in rural Thai adults.

scholarly journals Non-communicable disease risk factor profile among Fishermen community of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaivani Annadurai ◽  
Nithiya Balan ◽  
Karnaboopathy Ranaganathan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Background: Owing to growing epidemic of non communicable diseases (NCD), identification of risk factor profile is one of the high-priority actions required in reducing NCDs. Further, fishermen community possesses unique characteristics of a folk society despite the urban environment around it. Since major portion of the life of fishermen is spent at sea with bizarre sleep and eating pattern, their risk profile for non-communicable disease are different from general population. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among fishermen community in Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu; to identify the association of the NCD risk factors with socio-demographic and occupational characteristics of the study participants. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted among 210 adult male Fishermen community of Kovalam, Kalpakkam and Mahabalipuram, of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu during May to October, 2016 using a semi-structured questionnaire and all the participants were motivated to undergo laboratory investigations. Results: Prevalence of smoking tobacco form, smokeless tobacco use and alcohol use were 17.1%, 22.9% and 61.4% respectively. Mean blood pressure observed in our study was 120.14/77.86 mm Hg. Prevalence of hypertension was 39.05% and 13.3% were having abdominal obesity. Conclusions: NCD risk factors like hypertension, alcohol use was quite high in this fishermen community and it needs further evaluation. 

scholarly journals A study on the prevalence of dental caries among the school-going children in Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gomathy Parasuraman ◽  
Y. Gowtham Krishna ◽  
M. Kaviya ◽  
Nischal A. Jain ◽  
Prashanth Rajendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Dental caries is an important social problem in India and is predominantly a disease of childhood. The prevalence and incidence of dental caries is influenced by various socio–demographic factors like age, sex, ethnic groups, dietary patterns and oral hygiene habits. The objective of the study were to estimate the prevalence of dental caries among the school going children aged between 5–10 years and to determine the risk factors associated with dental caries.Methods: A population based cross–sectional study was conducted among the primary school going children in Thirumazhisai from February 2016 to July 2016. Simple random sampling technique was employed and 357 children were identified for the study. Descriptive statistics was calculated for background variables and association between the risk factors and evidence of dental caries was analyzed by tests of proportions and chi square test was used as a statistical test of significance. Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries was found to be 63.9%. Higher prevalence of dental caries was found among the girls (54%), among the lower socioeconomic class (41.7%), among those who consumed mixed diet (74.8%), among those who consumed junk foods (62.6%) at least once every day and among those who consumed dairy products (58.9%) at least once every day. Dental caries was found to be low in prevalence among those who consumed fruits several times a week (6.1%), among those who brushed their teeth twice/more than twice a day (20.2%) and among those who washed their mouth after each meal (38.7%). Conclusions: Lack of awareness, improper dietary habits and poor oral hygienic practices are seemingly the contributing factors for the development of dental caries. Dental caries is a preventable disease which can be alleviated by creating community awareness through health education activities. 

scholarly journals Hypertension-related knowledge, medication adherence and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among hypertensive patients in Islamabad, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amer ◽  
Nisar-Ur-Rahman ◽  
Saeed-Ur-Rashid Nazir ◽  
Atif Raza ◽  
Humayun Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Hypertension Knowledge

Purpose: To determine knowledge regarding hypertension, adherence to medication and HealthRelated Quality of Life (HRQoL), and their associations in hypertensive patients in Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 hypertensive patients attending a tertiary health care public sector hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan. Data were collected using knowledge questionnaire regarding hypertension, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and EuroQol (EQ-5D) scale. Results: The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the 384 patients were 140.39 ± 15.485 and 88.74 ± 10.683 mmHg, respectively. The coefficient of correlation between knowledge regarding hypertension and adherence was 0.638 (p < 0.001), showing a positive association. The correlation coefficient between knowledge and HRQoL was 0.709 (p < 0.001), suggesting a good association. The correlation coefficient between adherence to medication and HRQoL was 0.545 (p < 0.001), which indicated a positive correlation. Conclusion: These results indicate that there are statistically significant associations between hypertension knowledge and HRQoL, hypertension knowledge and medication adherence, and between adherence and HRQoL in the hypertensive patients studied.

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