PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA GAERTN

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
WARACHATE KHOBJAI ◽  
NAKUNTWALAI WISIDSRI ◽  
KHEMJIRA JARMKOM ◽  
SURACHAI TECHAOEI
Keyword(s):  
Antiinflammatory Activity ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
No Production ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic Assay ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Objective: Inflammation is a process of injuries caused by physical, chemical, and biological factors. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in theregulation of various pathological and pathophysiological processes. Overproduction of NO induces tissue damage associated with acute and chronicinflammations. This study was conducted to determine the phytochemical composition and the NO inhibitory properties of Nelumbo nucifera extractsin lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated macrophage cell line.Methods: The dried leaf, stalk, and flower materials of roseum plenum and album plenum (AP) were extracted with 95% ethanol solvents. Thephytochemical compounds of the extraction were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The cytotoxic assay of extracts againstmacrophage cells was conducted using resazurin. The NO was determined using LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells to measure inhibitory activity of extracton the production of NO.Results: The extracts from Lotus, which exhibited the non-cytotoxic to the RAW264.7 cells. The AP-stalk extracts were capable to reduce the NO levelin LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. GC-MS analysis of AP-stalk extraction revealed pharmacologically active compounds.Conclusion: The results conduct that the AP-stalk extract effectively inhibited the NO production and may be useful in preventing inflammatorydiseases mediated by excessive production of NO. Bio-active phytoconstituents from AP stalk extract could potentially be used for anti-inflammation.These data also suggest that AP-stalk extract may serve as a good indicator of the pharmacological activities of medicinal plants.

Archidendron lucidum Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Targeting PDK1 in the NF-κB Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 429-444
Author(s):  
Minkyeong Jo ◽  
Young-Su Yi ◽  
Jae Youl Cho
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
No Production ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pharmacological activities of some Leguminosae family members were reported. Pharmacological activities of Archidendron lucidum, a Leguminosae family member have never been explored. Therefore, this study investigated anti-inflammatory effects of an Archidendron lucidum methanol extract (Al-ME). In this study, anti-inflammatory effects of Al-ME were investigated in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis mice by MTT assay, nitric oxide (NO) production assay, semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), luciferase reporter assay, and Western blotting. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified ethnopharmacological compounds in Al-ME. Al-ME inhibited NO production without cytotoxicity in peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS or Pam3CSK4. Al-ME downregulated mRNA expression of inflammatory genes (inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] (TNF-[Formula: see text]), interleukin-1[Formula: see text] (IL-1[Formula: see text]), and IL-6). Al-ME exerted anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-[Formula: see text]B) signaling pathway. HPLC analysis identified quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol as major anti-inflammatory components in Al-ME. Al-ME ameliorated HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis symptoms in mice by suppressing iNOS and IL-6 mRNA expressions and I[Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text] phosphorylation. Therefore, these results suggest that Al-ME exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by targeting NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathway, implying that Al-ME could be potent anti-inflammatory medications to prevent and treat inflammatory diseases.

Enhanced Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase by Juzen-Taiho-To in LPS-Activated RAW264.7 Cells, a Murine Macrophage Cell Line

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kawamata ◽  
Hiroshi Ochiai ◽  
Naoki Mantani ◽  
Katsutoshi Terasawa
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Inos Mrna ◽  
No Production ◽  
Murine Macrophage ◽  
Macrophage Cell Line ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Murine Macrophage Cell Line

We have investigated the effect of Juzen-taiho-to (TJ-48) on inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line. TJ-48-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combination induced iNOS mRNA expression earlier, stronger and remained longer that paralleled but with a higher NO production compared to LPS stimulation. TJ-48 itself showed no inducible effect either no NO production or iNOS mRNA expression. This phenomenon could be considered to contribute, at least in part, to the beneficial effects of TJ-48 through the iNOS-mediated activation of biodefense mechanism.

Inducible Activity of Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber Offifinale Rosc.) on the mRNA Expression of Macrophage-Inducible Nitric Oxide (NO) Synthase and NO Production in a Macrophage Cell Line, RAW264.7 Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (05) ◽  
pp. 727-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuko Imanishi ◽  
Naoki Mantani ◽  
Shinya Sakai ◽  
Miyuki Sato ◽  
Yuko Katada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Macrophage Cell Line ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

We have investigated the effect of Zingiber offifinale Rosc. (ZOR) on macrophage-inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (macNOS) mRNA expression and NO production in RAW264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line; 100 μg/ml ZOR can induce macNOS mRNA expression, but induction effects at a dose below 10 μg/ml were weak or negligible. Kinetic studies showed that macNOS mRNA can be detected from 4 hours to 24 hours after dosing, with a peak at 8 hours. In accordance with the induction of macNOS mRNA expression, NO concentrations increased from 3.4 μM at 2 hours to almost 150 μM at 24 hours, reflecting a longer period of macNOS mRNA expression. The activity of ZOR can be considered to contribute, at least in part, to the beneficial effects of ZOR through the macNOS-mediated activation of the biodefense mechanism.

scholarly journals New Truxinic and Truxillic Acid Sucrose Diesters From the Leaves of Trigonostemon honbaensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2199914
Author(s):  
Ninh Khac Ban ◽  
Bui Huu Tai ◽  
Vu Kim Thu ◽  
Phan Van Kiem
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Truxillic Acid

A new δ-truxinic acid sucrose diester and a new ε-truxillic acid sucrose diester (named trigohonbanosides E and F) were isolated from the leaves of Trigonostemon honbaensis. Their chemical structures were determined by extensive analysis of their HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectra. At a concentration of 20 µM, trigohonbanosides E and F exhibited weak inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells with inhibitory percentages of 22.7% ± 1.1% and 18.5% ± 1.4%, respectively.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Assessment of Endothelial Function, Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity, Nitric Oxide–Mediated Signaling, and Oxidative Stress in Individuals with and without Hypercholesterolemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renke Maas ◽  
Edzard Schwedhelm ◽  
Lydia Kahl ◽  
Huige Li ◽  
Ralf Benndorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
No Oxidation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
No Production

Abstract Background: Endothelial function is impaired in hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Based on mostly indirect evidence, this impairment is attributed to reduced synthesis or impaired biological activity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). It was the aim of this study to directly estimate and compare whole-body NO production in normo- and hypercholesterolemia by applying a nonradioactive stable isotope dilution technique in vivo. Methods: We enrolled 12 normocholesterolemic and 24 hypercholesterolemic volunteers who were all clinically healthy. To assess whole-body NO synthesis, we intravenously administered l-[guanidino-(15N2)]-arginine and determined the urinary excretion of 15N-labeled nitrate, the specific end product of NO oxidation in humans, by use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, we measured flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, expression of endothelial NOS (eNOS) in platelets, plasma concentration of the endogenous NOS inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and urinary excretion of 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α). Results: After infusion of l-[guanidino-(15N2)]-arginine, cumulative excretion of 15N-labeled-nitrate during 48 h was 40% [95% CI 15%–66%] lower in hypercholesterolemic than normocholesterolemic volunteers [mean 9.2 (SE 0.8) μmol vs 15.4 (2.3) μmol/l, P = 0.003]. FMD was on average 36% [4%–67%] lower in hypercholesterolemic than normocholesterolemic volunteers [6.3 (4.0)% vs 9.4 (4.6)%, P = 0.027]. Normalized expression of NOS protein in platelets was also significantly lower in hypercholesterolemic volunteers, whereas there were no significant differences in plasma ADMA concentration or urinary excretion of 8-iso-PGF2α between the 2 groups. Conclusions: This study provides direct evidence for a decreased whole body NO synthesis rate in healthy people with hypercholesterolemia.

scholarly journals U-Bang-Haequi Tang: A Herbal Prescription that Prevents Acute Inflammation through Inhibition of NF-κB-Mediated Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hwangbo ◽  
Ji Yun Jung ◽  
Sung Hwan Ki ◽  
Sang Mi Park ◽  
Kyung Hwan Jegal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Traditional Korean Medicine ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
Forsythia Suspensa ◽  
Herbal Prescription

Since antiquity, medical herbs have been prescribed for both treatment and preventative purposes. Herbal formulas are used to reduce toxicity as well as increase efficacy in traditional Korean medicine.U-bang-haequi tang(UBT) is a herbal prescription containingArctii fructusandForsythia suspensaas its main components and has treated many human diseases in traditional Korean medicine. This research investigated the effects of UBT against an acute phase of inflammation. For this, we measured induction of nitric oxide (NO) and related proteins in macrophage cell line stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Further, paw swelling was measured in carrageenan-treated rats. Carrageenan significantly induced activation of inflammatory cells and increases in paw volume, whereas oral administration of 0.3 or 1 g/kg/day of UBT inhibited the acute inflammatory response. In RAW264.7 cells, UBT inhibited mRNA and protein expression levels of iNOS. UBT treatment also blocked elevation of NO production, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, phosphorylation of Iκ-Bαinduced by LPS. Moreover, UBT treatment significantly blocked the phosphorylation of p38 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases by LPS. In conclusion, UBT prevented both acute inflammation in rats as well as LPS-induced NO and iNOS gene expression through inhibition of NF-κB in RAW264.7 cells.

Ethnopharmacology, pharmacological activities, and chemistry of the Hypericum genus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Omambia Mokoro Vincent ◽  
◽  
Joseph Mwanzia Nguta ◽  
Eric Simon Mitema ◽  
Fredrick Mutie Musila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Safety Studies ◽  
Hypericum Species

There are over 500 species in the Hypericum genus worldwide. Crude extracts from Hypericum species have been reported in folkloric medicine as analgesics, anthelmintics, astringents, antidepressants, diuretics, and anti-inflammatories. The current review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of local uses, pharmacological activities, and phytochemical composition of different extracts generated from Hypericum species. The review data was collected via literature search from Google, Google Scholar, Medline, Pubmed, Mendeley, Science Direct, Chemical Abstracts, Web of Science, and Scopus. The most studied of the entire Hypericum genus is H. perforatum, approved to manage mild depression. Other species that have been reported to have ethnomedicinal value are H. erectum, H. monogynum, H. attenuatum, H. japonicum, H. beanii, H. monantheum, H. wightianum, H. scabrum, H. monogynum, H. monogynum, H. geminiflorum, H. ascyron, H. seniawinii, H. elodeoides, H. petiolulatum, H. wightianum, H. hengshanense, H. japonicum, and H. revolutum. Over 900 phytochemicals have been isolated from the Hypericum genus plant species, mostly phenolics, and terpenoids. Studies have been carried out to validate the ethnopharmacological use of extracts from Hypericum species against depression, cancer, inflammation, and microbial infections. There are limited safety studies involving medicinal plants from the Hypericum genus; however,further investigations on toxic effects, phytochemical composition, and biological activities are necessary to validate the medicinal uses of plant species of the Hypericum genus empirically. The present article reviews ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and toxicology of the Hypericum genus, which several communities have used to treat various conditions.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Effect of a Salvia plebeia R. Aqueous Extract in Forced Swimming Exercise-induced Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2260
Author(s):  
Jinseop Shin ◽  
Ok-kyung Kim ◽  
Shintae Kim ◽  
Donghyuck Bae ◽  
Jeongmin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Swimming Exercise ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
No Production ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study investigated the immunomodulatory effect of Salvia plebeia R. aqueous extract (FIE-SP, SPW) in forced swimming exercise-induced mice and the immunostimulatory effects on Raw264.7 cells. Mice were randomly assigned to four groups: the control group (CON), the forced swimming test group (FST), and two FIE-SP groups (low and high dose of FIE-SP). Compared with the control group, the FIE-SP groups showed significantly increased ratios of T lymphocyte surface markers CD4+/CD8+ and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)I/MHCII, as well as increased concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG. FIE-SP groups significantly increased Th1 cytokines and decreased Th2 cytokines compared with negative control exercise-induced mice. Conversely, the immunostimulatory effects of FIE-SP significantly increased phagocytic activities, nitric oxide (NO) production, and pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β in Raw264.7 cells. Furthermore, FIE-SP increased natural killer (NK) cell activities and cytokines (IL-12) in splenocytes compared with the CON group. These results indicated that FIE-SP supplementation could prevent imbalanced immune states and produce immunostimulatory effects to support innate immunity.

Sageretia thea Inhibits Inflammation through Suppression of NF-κB and MAPK and Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways in RAW264.7 Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (02) ◽  
pp. 385-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Na Kim ◽  
Gwang Hun Park ◽  
Su Bin Park ◽  
Jeong Dong Kim ◽  
Hyun Ji Eo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Signaling Activation

Sageretia thea (S. thea) commonly known as Chinese sweet plum or Chinese bird plum has been used for treating hepatitis and fevers in Korea and China. S. thea has been reported to exert anti-oxidant, anticancer and anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity. However, there is little study on the anti-inflammatory activity of S. thea. Thus, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of extracts of leaves (ST-L) and branches (ST-B) from Sageretia thea in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B significantly inhibited the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators such as NO, iNOS, COX-2, IL-1[Formula: see text] and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B blocked LPS-induced degradation of I[Formula: see text]B-[Formula: see text] and nuclear accumulation of p65, which resulted in the inhibition of NF-[Formula: see text]B activation in RAW264.7 cells. ST-L and ST-B also attenuated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, ST-L and ST-B increased HO-1 expression in RAW264.7 cells, and the inhibition of HO-1 by ZnPP reduced the inhibitory effect of ST-L and ST-B against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells. Inhibition of p38 activation and ROS elimination attenuated HO-1 expression by ST-L and ST-B, and ROS elimination inhibited p38 activation induced by ST-L and ST-B. ST-L and ST-B dramatically induced nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, but this was significantly reversed by the inhibition of p38 activation and ROS elimination. Collectively, our results suggest that ST-L and ST-B exerts potential anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing NF-[Formula: see text]B and MAPK signaling activation, and activating HO-1 expression through the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 via ROS-dependent p38 activation. These findings suggest that ST-L and ST-B may have great potential for the development of anti-inflammatory drug to treat acute and chronic inflammatory disorders.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Catalpalactone Isolated from Catalpa ovata in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Young Kim ◽  
Ah-Reum Han ◽  
Yun-Seo Kil ◽  
Eun Seo ◽  
Chang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Inos Expression ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Signal Transducer ◽  
Interferon Β ◽  
Catalpa Ovata ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Catalpa ovata (Bignoniaceae) is widely distributed throughout Korea, China, and Japan. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of catalpalactone isolated from C. ovata in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Catalpalactone significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The levels of cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were reduced under catalpalactone exposure in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, catalpalactone suppressed signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT-1) protein expression and interferon-β (IFN-β) production. Treatment with catalpalactone prevented interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. Taken together, these results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of catalpalactone are associated with the suppression of NO production and iNOS expression through the inhibition of IRF3, NF-κB, and IFN-β/STAT-1 activation.

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