scholarly journals Семантическая обусловленность структуры конструкций с глаголами речи

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-589
Author(s):  
Nadezhda B. Darzhaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Structural Modeling ◽  
Structural Type ◽  
Main Clause ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Accusative Case ◽  
Structural Types

Introduction. Explanatory constructions in the Buryat language, namely, those with verbs of speech as their main predicate, have not been studied in detail so far. Their systematic study involves a detailed analysis of both the semantics of the predicate of the main clause and the structure of the entire construction. The purpose of the article was to identify the correlation between the semantics of verbs of speech and the structural type of constructions. For the purpose, it was necessary i) to identify the group of verbs of speech, ii) to make an inventory of the structures in question, iii) to identify their structural types and specific characteristics, iv) to distribute verbs of speech according to structural types, and v) to study the interdependence between the semantics of verbs and the types of constructions. Original literary texts of the Buryat electronic corps served as material for the study. Linguistic observation, description, component analysis, and structural modeling were used as methods of the analysis. Research results. Buryat explanatory clauses are of the three structural types: participial, participial with postpositions, and bifinite constructions. Each of them specializes in expressing information of a particular level of abstraction: bifinite constructions introduce direct speech; participial constructions with the accusative case of the dependent predicate convey indirect speech; participial constructions with postpositions name the theme. As the analysis of the distribution of verbs of speech by structural types shows, verbs with semantics suggesting a long speech act like ‘to tell’ are more often used in bifinite and postpositional constructions. Those with the meaning of a short speech act, or of the type ‘to add’, implement the valence of the speech in constructions with direct speech and conjunction gezhe. Verbs of speech that differ in their role in communication, for example, asuu-, hura- (ask), implement the valence of the speech in bifinite constructions with gezhe and participles in the accusative case. The author concluded that the structure of the constructions under study is largely dependent on the semantics of the verbs of speech.

scholarly journals PRINSIP KESANTUNAN BERDASARKAN MAKSIM LEECH DALAM KUMPULAN NASKAH DRAMA GENG TOILET KARYA SOSIAWAN LEAK DAN RELEVANSINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR TEKS DRAMA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Vinsca Sabrina Claudia ◽  
Ani Rakhmawati ◽  
Budi Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

<em>The research aims to explain and describe (1) speech acts in the dialogue collection of  drama text Geng Toilet; (2) the principle of politeness in the dialogue collection of drama text Geng Toilet; (3) the relevance collection of drama text Geng Toilet as a teaching material for drama text in High School. The method use in this research is descriptive qualitative. The result of the research indicates the result of the research indicates the speech act in the collection of the drama text Geng Toilet based on speech that contains action include locution,illocution, and perlocution. While, speech acts based on the sentence mode include direct speech acts and indirect speech acts.Next, the principle of politeness in the dialogue collection of drama text Geng Toilet includes maxim of agreement or consent, maxim of generosity, maxim acceptance or praise or appreciation, maxim of humility or simplicity, and maxim of sympathy. the collection of drama text Geng Toilet can be  used  as a teaching materials for drama text in High School.</em>

scholarly journals The Functions of Danish Causal Conjunctions

Nordlyd ◽  
10.7557/12.14 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Therkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Main Clause ◽  
Subordinate Clause ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Distributional Properties

In the article I propose an analysis of the Danish causal conjunctions <em>fordi, siden</em> and <em>for</em> based on the framework of Danish Functional Grammar. As conjunctions they relate two clauses, and their semantics have in common that it indicates a causal relationship between the clauses. The causal conjunctions are different as far as their distribution is concerned; <em>siden</em> conjoins a subordinate clause and a main clause, <em>for</em> conjoins two main clauses, and <em>fordi</em> is able to do both. Methodologically I have based my analysis on these distributional properties comparing <em>siden</em> and <em>fordi</em> conjoining a subordinate and a main clause, and comparing <em>for</em> and <em>fordi</em> conjoining two main clauses, following the thesis that they would establish a causal relationship between different kinds of content. My main findings are that <em>fordi</em> establishes a causal relationship between the events referred to by the two clauses, and the whole utterance functions as a statement of this causal relationship. <em>Siden</em> presupposes such a general causal relationship between the two events and puts forward the causing event as a reason for assuming or wishing or ordering the caused event, <em>siden</em> thus establishes a causal relationship between an event and a speech act. <em>For</em> equally presupposes a general causal relationship between two events and it establishes a causal relationship between speech acts, and <em>fordi</em> conjoining two main clauses is able to do this too, but in this position it also maintains its event-relating ability, the interpretation depending on contextual factors.

Argument structure satisfaction via unselected adjuncts

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiko Fujii ◽  
Russell Lee-Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Main Clause ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Frame Element

Abstract This paper presents a frame-based constructional approach to argument structure satisfaction via unselected adjuncts, by focusing on one such case in Japanese. It points out an intriguing constructional phenomenon whereby causal adjunct clauses marked with node ‘because’, as used with main-clause predicates that evoke communication frames (such as Telling and Warning), serve to satisfy main-clause argument structure. The node clause precedes the main-clause speech act of telling/warning, and can be interpreted as a speech-act causal (Sweetser 1990). The node clause at the same time conveys the content of informing or warning, i.e., the core Frame Element message, which is absent as a main-clause complement. This analysis of argument structure satisfaction via unselected adjuncts provides evidence for a Frame Semantic approach to argument structure that incorporates Construction Grammar.

Structural types of English aviation abbreviations terms in the translation aspect

2019 ◽  
pp. 374-380
Author(s):  
Hanna Mezhzherina
Keyword(s):  
Structural Type ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Structural Integration ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Systems Identification ◽  
Rescue Center ◽  
Type Composite

The article deals with the translation of aviation terms-abbreviations ((LORAN, tkof, Ttail, etc.) from English into Ukrainian. The regularities of structural integration of components in English and Ukrainian aviation terms were found. The types of structural and semantic transformations in translation were analyzed. The structure and features of the translation of letter abbreviations (UHF, HIPAR, etc.) are described. It was found that three–component word-combinations (ACC – area control center) often serve as the basis for design of letter aviation abbreviations; two-component, four-component, and five-component phrases are used occasionally. In the English aviation terminological system unlike the Ukrainian one the material for the formation of letter abbreviations may be composite as well as phrases, one of the components of which is expressed by a complex word. For the translation of the created in this way terms we can restore the original word-combination and use calquing. It should be borne in mind that one of the letters in its composition may be a reduction of conjunctions or prepositions (SARC – search and rescue center). The reduction to three or four letters of one of the components of the terminology word-combinations is a typical way of formation English aviation abbreviations. When determining the original form of the English term, a translator should take into account that not only the first, but also the last component of the phrase can be subject to reduction. The translation specificity of homoacronyms that based on word-combinations in which one of the components is a concatenation-type composite is shown. Attention is paid to the availability of borrowings in English and Ukrainian aviation terminological systems. Identification of abbreviations-borrowings requires the use of French, German and other terminology dictionaries. It is important to distinguish elliptical abbreviations not only from the initial ones, but also from the reductions of the composites to the first letters of their components, to achieve an adequate translation. The terms-abbreviations that are formed by the reduction of current words were found. The choice of methods, types, ways to translate English aviation abbreviations (calquing of the original form, calquing with the following abbreviation, descriptive translation, etc.) depends on the structural type of the term. The required condition for an adequate translation of abbreviations is to take into account the broad context. The material was taken from dictionaries of aviation terms and original scientific texts.

scholarly journals Biblical Evaluative Discourse of Speech and Thought Presentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Riyadh T. K. Al-Ameedi ◽  
Sadiq M. K. Al Shamiri
Keyword(s):  
Speech Act ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Narrative Report

The study aims to highlight the evaluative strategies associated with the Biblical modes of speech and thought presentation. An eclectic pragma-stylistic model of analysis is developed to test the validity of the hypotheses that the targeted modes of discourse are almost always internally and/or externally evaluated by the narrator, and that the reportive modes of speech and thought are evaluative in respect to the quotative modes. The study arrived to the conclusion that different modes of speech and thought are exploited in building narrative genres. These modes form two interrelated types of discourse: quotative and reportive. Four modes contribute to the occurrence of the quotative discourse which are direct speech, free direct speech, direct thought, and free direct thought. The reportive discourse occurs when using one of the reportive modes which include indirect speech, free indirect speech, narrative report of speech act, narrator’s representation of voice, indirect thought, free indirect thought, narrative report of thought act, and internal narration. When employed in the targeted Biblical discourse, the quotative and reportive modes are often evaluated by the Biblical narrator. Evaluations of this kind implicate additional meanings and affect reader’s interpretation of the represented speeches or thoughts. The Biblical reportive modes are often evaluative in respect to the quotative ones. The Biblical narrator’s internal, external, and interactional evaluative strategies contribute to the occurrence of the Biblical evaluative discourse of speech and thought presentation. 

scholarly journals Utilization Of The Direct And Indirect Speech Act Of Assertion By The Sentence Types

2018 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Samir Jamal Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Sentence Type ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Pragmatic Theory ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
Indirect Speech Act ◽  
Shed Light

   Tackling any text, e.g. political one, without pragmatic theory constitutes a real problem in the communicative act. the need to shed light on distinctive rules concerning the speech act of assertion is crucial. So this study is concerned with how to establish a model of expressing the speech act of assertion, whether direct or indirect, by using the sentence types of declarative, interrogative, or imperative sentences. Since this utilization highly overlaps with other speech acts as command, obligation, permission, ability, etc. Therefore, this research attempts to answer the following questions: 1- Can this study formulate a model for analysing the speech act of assertion, and on which bases it can be established? 2- How to formulate Felicity conditions for the speech act of assertion? 3- Whether speech act of assertion can be successfully applied to political  speeches? 4- Which sentence type can typically express the direct speech act of assertion? 5- Could other sentence types indicate the speech act of assertion?

scholarly journals Speech Act Analysis of Madurese Wedding Ceremony in Kalidandan Village, Pakuniran, Probolinggo

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Anwari Anwari
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Illocutionary Act ◽  
Wedding Ceremony ◽  
Indirect Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Analysis ◽  
Perlocutionary Act

Pragmatics is the study of those relations between language and context that are grammaticalized, or encoded in the structure of language. This study aims to describe kinds of speech acts especially locutionary act, illocutionary act, and the perlocutionary act of Madurese wedding ceremony in Kalidandan village, Pakuniran district, Probolinggo regency. The results of this study showed that the illocutionary act of the Madurese wedding ceremony in Kalidandan village, Pakuniran district, Probolinggo regency has various kinds of speech act, 1) direct speech act; 2) indirect speech act; 3) literal speech act; 4) non-literal speech act; 5) direct literal speech act; 6) indirect literal speech act; 7) direct non-literal speech act, and 8) indirect non-literal speech act.Keywords: Speech act, Kinds of speech act, and Madurese

scholarly journals al-Kalam Ghairu al-Mubasyir fi Surah al-Anbiya’

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Ahmad Riza Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Speech Act ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Indirect Speech Act ◽  
Holy Book

Declarative sentences, in addition to being used to convey news, are also functioned to ask questions; Interrogative sentences are not only used for asking questions but also for requests or orders. Meanwhile, the command sentence can only be used conventionally, and cannot be used unconventionally. If the three sentences are used conventionally, the speech is called a direct speech act, whereas if it is used unconventionally, it is called an indirect speech act. The use of indirect sentences has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. An order that is told by using a news sentence or question sentence will be perceived by the interlocutor as lighter, even for the interlocutor the command to himself is not felt as an order. In the Alquran there are many sentences that are used unconventionally, which shows that the Alquran is a holy book that upholds the politeness of language. One of them is surah al-Anbiya’. In the surah al-Anbiya’, several verses which are indirect speech are found. In the surah al-Anbiya’ the forms of indirect speech are as follows; Four declarative utterances with imperative meanings are in verses 39, 41, 45, and 47. Seventeen interrogative utterances have declarative meaning in verses 3, 6, 10, 21, 24, 30, 34, 36, 42, 43, 44, 50, 52, 55, 59, 66, and 67. Three meaningful interrogative speeches are found in verses 38, 80, and 108.

scholarly journals Собственная фтор-ионная проводимость кристаллических матриц фторидных супериоников: BaF-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- (тип флюорита) и LaF-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- (тип тисонита)

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Н.И. Сорокин ◽  
Б.П. Соболев
Keyword(s):  
Structural Type ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Vacuum Technology ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Fluorite Type ◽  
And Migration ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe intrinsic fluorine-ion conductivity σ_lat of BaF_2 (CaF_2 fluorite type) and LaF_3 (tysonite type) crystals is studied by the impedance spectroscopy method. These compounds represent two major structural types taken as the basis to form the best nonstoichiometric fluorine-conducting solid electrolytes. The conductivity σ_lat caused by thermally activated defects is manifested in the field of high temperatures, where conductometric measurements are complicated by pyrohydrolysis. The experiments carried out in inert atmosphere with application of the impedance method have for the first time produced the reliable values of σ_lat of fluoride crystals in conditions of suppression of pyrohydrolysis (BaF_2) or partial pyrohydrolysis (LaF_3). Values of the σ_lat at 773 K for BaF_2 and LaF_3 crystals grown from melt by the Bridgman method using the vacuum technology are 2.2 × 10^–5 and 8.5 × 10^–3 S/cm differing by a factor of ~400. The tysonite structural type has been proved feasible for making high-conductivity solid fluoride electrolytes based on the analysis of energy characteristics of formation and migration of anionic defects.

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