Археологические памятники у пос. Ергенинский

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-45
Author(s):  
Evgeny G. Burataev ◽  
◽  
Maria A. Ochir-Goryaeva ◽  
Erdni A. Kekeev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Bronze Age

Introduction. Due to the nomadic lifestyle of the indigenous population which they practiced up to 1930s and the absence of any noticeable anthropogenic impact on the local environment, most of the archaeological sites located on the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia are characterized by their very well preserved state. However, the area around the village Ergeninskiy (Ketchenerovskiy region, Republic of Kalmykia) is probably one of the few with such a number and variety of archaeological sites. The goal of this article is to introduce the results of the initial recording of the archaeological sites located in the valleys of the rivers Shar Elsin and Kek Buluk around the village Ergeninskiy. Materials and Methods. The mound group of the Catacomb culture to the eastern edge of the village was examined during the excavation works led by V. P. Shilov in 1981–1986 and M. A. Ochir-Goryaeva in 2006–2008. The Bronze Age settlement situated to the west of the village on the bank of the river Shar Elsin was examined in 2010–2012. The nodules of cretaceous flint were found by our archaeological team in the large Kyur Sala ravine to the north of the village Ergeninskiy. It should be noted that such nodules often indicate the probability of nearby existence of the Stone Age and Copper-Stone Age settlements. The exploration works undertaken in the area 15–18 km in length have revealed the six mound groups including 259 mounds. This article also gives the initial information about the previously unknown flat mounds discovered in the steppes. These mounds are similar to the sites of Maikop culture that date back to the Bronze Age era and are widespread in the North Caucasus region. Results. The area around the village Ergeninskiy is characterized by the density and variety of archaeological sites. Thus, the further archaeological research of this microregion has a lot of prospects.

scholarly journals Ethnopolitical Tensions and Assessment of the Possibility of Ethnic-National Conflicts

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
Vitaly N. Naydenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Tension Development ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The article examines the problems of open and latent ethnonational tension in Russian society, which in the conditions of aggravation of the social situation, may lead to the use of spontaneous methods of solving ethnonational conflicts, including those of a violent nature. A survey of 20 experts, who are qualified specialists in the sphere of ethno-extremism counteraction and ethno-national conflict localization, conducted by the author of the article, has shown that the majority of them have assessed both the current and forecasted situation in the sphere of ethnonational relations as “tense” for the next five to seven years. In their opinion, “ethnonational tension” is conditioned by a number of long-term factors that will influence the content and dynamics of ethnonational conflict in the Russian Federation: the desire of the USA for global dominance and the confrontational policy of NATO member states towards Russia; the antiRussian policy of the Ukrainian leadership, which is attempting to accuse Russia of “unleashing and waging a hybrid war against Ukraine” and actively pushing Western countries to strengthen confrontation with the Russian Federation; attempts by some states to bring territorial claims against Russia; intensification of the fight against embezzlement of budgetary funds, systemic corruption and ethno-extremist manifestations in the North Caucasus region; the ethnopolitical situation in the Republic of Crimea, characterized by manifestations of Ukrainian nationalism and militant Islamism. According to expert estimates, the highest degree of ethnonational tension is currently maintained in the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the Karachayevo-Circassian Republic, the Republic of Crimea, the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Republic of Tatarstan. The results of research in the article testify to the necessity of constant study of the problem of ethnonational conflicts, research into the factors influencing the maintenance and dynamics of conflict potential, definition of Russian regions with an increased level of tension, development of recommendations to authorities on prevention and localization of ethnonational conflicts.

SOCIO-CULTURAL ADAPTATION AND INTEGRATION OF MIGRANTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
RUSLAN ABAKAROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Cultural Components

The purpose of this article is to study the public opinion of residents of the North Caucasus region (on the example of the Republic of Dagestan) on the state of social and cultural adaptation and integration of foreign citizens. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the growth of quantitative indicators of migration begins to significantly affect the ethno-social and ethno-political processes in the region and makes certain adjustments in the socio-political sphere of the republic. The main method of research is the quantitative method, i.e. a mass standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire survey was conducted taking into account the general socio-demographic characteristics of the population of the Republic of Dagestan. The content of the questionnaire is aimed at analyzing aspects of the ethnic identity of the Dagestani peoples, determining the ethno-cultural components of its reproduction, analyzing the attitude of the population of the Republic of Dagestan to the social and cultural adaptation and integration of migrants, and identifying the most effective ways to achieve this goal.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon dating of the bronze age bone pins from Eurasian steppe

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Shishlina ◽  
Johan Plicht ◽  
Elya Zazovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Eurasian Steppe ◽  
Culture Formation ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Bronze Age

AbstractBone catapult and hammer-headed pins played one of very specific roles in funerary offerings in the Bronze Age graves uncovered in the Eurasian Steppes and the North Caucasus. Scholars used different types of pins as key grave offerings for numerous chronological models. For the first time eight pins have been radiocarbon dated. 14C dating of bone pins identified the catapult type pin as the earliest one. They marked the period of the Yamnaya culture formation. Then Yamnaya population produced hammer-headed pins which became very popular in other cultural environments and spread very quickly across the Steppe and the Caucasus during 2900–2650 cal BC. But according to radiocarbon dating bone pins almost disappeared after 2600 cal BC.

scholarly journals PENDULUM MIGRATIONS IN THE CIRCUM-PONTIC STEPPE AND CENTRAL EUROPE DURING THE PALEOMETAL EPOCH AND THE PROBLEM OF GENESIS OF THE YAMNA CULTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-146
Author(s):  
S. V. Ivanova ◽  
A. G. Nikitin ◽  
D. V. Kiosak
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Genetic Element ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
The North ◽  
The Bronze Age

This article is dedicated to the problem of the origin and spread of the Yamna cultural-historical community (YCHC) in the context of the hypothesis recently expressed by geneticists about the massive migration of population groups genetically related to YCHC and carrying the genetic determinants of the Iranian Neolithic agrarians and hunters and fishers of the North Caucasus from the Ponto- Caspian steppe to central and northern Europe at the beginning of the Bronze Age. Based on an in-depth archeological and genetic analysis, we propose that the genetic «invasion» of the Iranian-Caucasian genetic element into Europe at the beginning of the Bronze Age, recently proposed by paleogenetisits on the basis of a large-scale study of ancient DNA, was not the result of a large-scale migration of representatives of YCHC from the Ponto-Caspian steppes to central and northern Europe, but the result of global population and cultural changes in Eurasia at the end of the Atlantic climatic optimum. We further suggest that before the steppe genetics appeared in Europe at the beginning of the Bronze Age, central European genetic determinants appeared in the steppe in the Eneolithic, and that the movement of the steppe genetic element to Europe was at least in part the second phase of the «pendular» migration of European expatriates, returning to the historical zone of habitation. We also come to the conclusion that the very concept of distinguishing YCHC as a monolithic entity is inappropriate, and that the groups of nomadic tribes of the Ponto-Caspian steppe most likely existed as discrete communities, although united by a common ideology and a genetic relationship that included both the Iranian-Caucasian (throughout the entire range), and European / Anatolian agricultural (locally) genetic elements.

scholarly journals The Region of Caucasus and Central European-Carpathian Territory in the Final Eneolithic and the Bronze Age (a Contribution to the Transfer of Technologies and Knowledge)

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-548
Author(s):  
Jozef Bátora ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Eurasian Steppe ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
The Bronze Age

This article shows that the cultures in the Middle Danube/Carpathian territory were not just peripheral cultures of the developed Aegean-West Asian cultures, but also the western periphery of the Eurasian steppe region. From this aspect, the cultural-historical development in this area was influenced and associated with the cultural-historical development in the Caucasian and Northern Pontic regions as well. This is confirmed by several artifacts of the Caucasian character in the territory of Central Europe. First of all, we can mention single-edged copper axes, whose oldest exemplars in Europe come from the North Caucasus (the Maykop and Novosvobodnaya cultures). With the arrival of the Yamnaya culture, technology of their production emerged in the Northern Balkans and Central Europe along the Danube, through the Northern Pontic region. Their oldest exemplars in this territory are the Baniabic type axes. There are also weapons or tools; and jewellery which is represented by earrings of the so-called of Transylvania type associated mainly with the Únětice, Košťany and Otomani cultures in the Carpathian-middle Danube region. Their prototypes can be found in the North Pontic region — Yamnaya culture. The remaining cultural contacts between Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Bronze Age are confirmed by the dagger of the Srubnaya type from Sklabiňa in Central Slovakia. The existence of contacts between the Caucasian region and the territory of Central Europe as late as the final Bronze Age is proved by the finds of Cimmerian character. As a pars pro toto example, a dagger of the Kabardino-Pyatigorsk type from Malý Cetín in southwest Slovakia can be mentioned.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF THE INSTITUTION OF BLOOD FEUD IN INGUSHETIA, AT THE END OF THE XIX FIRST THIRD OF THE XX CENTURY (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE "TERSKIYE VEDOMOSTI")

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
E. Z. Kholokhoeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Customary Law ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Public ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

In the modern period, great scientific interest is aroused by the institutions of customary law, which have not only survived, but sometimes manifest themselves, increasing attention to the problem of the institution of blood feud in the North Caucasus region, for example, in the Republic of Ingushetia. In the republic, the authorities are doing a lot to reconcile the blood feuds and the final elimination of this institution is of interest not only the institute itself but also different periods in the history of the Republic of Ingushetia (pre-revolutionary, secular and modern) when the authorities tried not only to reconcile but also to eradicate blood feuds. These periods and the work on limiting blood feuds are described in the works of N. Yakovlev, B. K. Dalgat, M.-S.G. Albogachieva, D.H. Saidumov, I. L.Babich, T.Pliev, M. S.Arsanukaeva, L. T.Agieva, L. B. Gandarova et al. authors. revenge was considered from different angles but there are still questions not investigated regarding the prevention of revenge in the early twentieth century. What is interesting is that in all periods, the government has strongly opposed the institution of revenge, which is understandable in principle. The attempts of the tsarist authorities, the clergy and the public to resolve the issue of blood feud among the Ingush are described in the interesting source "Sentences ..." the study of which is devoted to this article

scholarly journals Gender strategy in Muslim society: the case of the North Caucasian republics

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Saida Sirazhudinova
Keyword(s):  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Law Schools ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Gender Strategies

This article discusses the basics of gender strategy in Islam. The author considers the features and problems of interpretation of gender strategy in Islam, its dependence from Islamic law schools and local environment and mentality. The gender strategy in Islam strictly defines a woman’s place in society and family, emphasizing her full dependence on a man (a guardian or husband, etc.). Female sexuality is strictly controlled and the system of gender bans play an important role. There are some gender strategies in the republics of the North Caucasus, which incorporate certain provisions of the General Muslim strategy, but at the same time transform it depending on local customs, social and political conditions. Drawing on the sociological research, the author tried to identify and analyse the gender strategies of the republics. The article presents a comparative analysis of gender strategies in the Chechen Republic, the Republic of Dagestan and the Republic of Ingushetia, reveals their specificity, existing gender models and values. The study showed that the Muslim gender strategy is a combination of elements of the General Islamic strategy and its local modifications, depending on the state policy and the system of ethnic values and traditions of gender relations

scholarly journals Analysis of the Mitochondrial Genome of a Novosvobodnaya Culture Representative using Next-Generation Sequencing and Its Relation to the Funnel Beaker Culture

Acta Naturae ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Nedoluzhko ◽  
E. S. Boulygina ◽  
A. S. Sokolov ◽  
S. V. Tsygankova ◽  
N. M. Gruzdeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Mt Dna ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Illumina Gaiix ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The Novosvobodnaya culture is known as a Bronze Age archaeological culture in the North Caucasus region of Southern Russia. It dates back to the middle of the 4th millennium B.C. and seems to have occurred during the time of the Maikop culture. There are now two hypotheses about the emergence of the Novosvobodnaya culture. One hypothesis suggests that the Novosvobodnaya culture was a phase of the Maikop culture, whereas the other one classifies it as an independent event based on the material culture items found in graves. Comparison between Novosvobodnaya pottery and Funnelbeaker (TRB) pottery from Germany has allowed researchers to suggest that the Novosvobodnaya culture developed under the influence of Indo-European culture. Nevertheless, the origin of the Novosvobodnaya culture remains a matter of debate. We applied next-generation sequencing to study ~5000-year-old human remains from the Klady kurgan grave in Novosvobodnaya stanitsa (now the Republic of Adygea, Russia). A total of 58,771,105 reads were generated using Illumina GAIIx with a coverage depth of 13.4х over the mitochondrial (mt) DNA genome. The mtDNA haplogroup affiliation was determined as V7, suggesting a role of the TRB culture in the development of the Novosvobodnaya culture and supporting the model of sharing between Novosvobodnaya and early Indo-European cultures.

scholarly journals Personality traits of law enforcement officers serving in the North Caucasus region

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Kristina Zhuk ◽  
Tatyana Maltseva
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level

When performing tasks by an employee in special conditions of service, not only professional qualities and compliance with qualification requirements, but also a psychologically stable state (psychological readiness to act in extreme situations, neuropsychic stability, mental adaptation, etc.) play an important role. The purpose of the study was to study the personality traits of employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation serving in the North Caucasus region. In the study, we used the following empirical methods: G. Shmishek's questionnaire for adults, the forecast (Prognoz) -1 questionnaire (express assessment of neuropsychic stability), a modified (extended) version of the ITO questionnaire (KV Sugonyaev's modification). In total, 184 employees who served in the Republic of Dagestan in 2019-2020 took part in the study. For situational reasons, this sample was divided into three subgroups: 45 employees, 79 employees and 60 employees. In the process of selecting employees sent to the North Caucasus region, it is necessary to study the characteristics of neuropsychic stability, character accentuations, the level of anxiety, behavior, this will make it possible to predict the quality of training of law enforcement officers, the reliability of the employee's behavior, and contribute to his success in stressful conditions. For the purposes of primary prevention, employees for whom a high level of anxiety is characteristic, a low level of neuropsychic stability should be excluded from those sent on business trips to special conditions of service.

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