scholarly journals Extracellular miRNA biomarkers in neurologic disease: is cerebrospinal fluid helpful?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (15) ◽  
pp. 1377-1388
Author(s):  
Andrew Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Aggregate Data ◽  
Unsupervised Clustering ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Broad Category ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Extracellular Mirna

Aim: The aim of our work is to aggregate data from publications of cerebrospinal fluid extracellular miRNA to identify candidate diagnostic biomarkers, and those warranting further study. Materials & methods: Data were pooled from nine studies, encompassing 864 patients across 16 diseases. Unsupervised clustering grouped patients by a broad category of diseases. Results & conclusion: Compared with healthy controls, in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, hsa-miR-767-5p was overexpressed (p < 0.001) and in patients with Huntington’s disease, hsa-miR-361-3p was underexpressed (p < 10-4). We also define a subset of extracellular miRNA as candidate biomarkers that are robustly detected across patients, studies and diseases; thereby, warranting further study.

Increased levels of total tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid in Huntington’s disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 714-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radu Constantinescu ◽  
Megan Romer ◽  
Henrik Zetterberg ◽  
Lars Rosengren ◽  
Karl Kieburtz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
Total Tau

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid α-Synuclein Species in Cognitive and Movements Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Vasilios C. Constantinides ◽  
Nour K. Majbour ◽  
George P. Paraskevas ◽  
Ilham Abdi ◽  
Bared Safieh-Garabedian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Corticobasal Degeneration ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Frontotemporal Degeneration ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

Total CSF α-synuclein (t-α-syn), phosphorylated α-syn (pS129-α-syn) and α-syn oligomers (o-α-syn) have been studied as candidate biomarkers for synucleinopathies, with suboptimal specificity and sensitivity in the differentiation from healthy controls. Studies of α-syn species in patients with other underlying pathologies are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate possible alterations in CSF α-syn species in a cohort of patients with diverse underlying pathologies. A total of 135 patients were included, comprising Parkinson’s disease (PD; n = 13), multiple system atrophy (MSA; n = 9), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP; n = 13), corticobasal degeneration (CBD; n = 9), Alzheimer’s disease (AD; n = 51), frontotemporal degeneration (FTD; n = 26) and vascular dementia patients (VD; n = 14). PD patients exhibited higher pS129-α-syn/α-syn ratios compared to FTD (p = 0.045), after exclusion of samples with CSF blood contamination. When comparing movement disorders (i.e., MSA vs. PD vs. PSP vs. CBD), MSA patients had lower α-syn levels compared to CBD (p = 0.024). Patients with a synucleinopathy (PD and MSA) exhibited lower t-α-syn levels (p = 0.002; cut-off value: ≤865 pg/mL; sensitivity: 95%, specificity: 69%) and higher pS129-/t-α-syn ratios (p = 0.020; cut-off value: ≥0.122; sensitivity: 71%, specificity: 77%) compared to patients with tauopathies (PSP and CBD). There are no significant α-syn species alterations in non-synucleinopathies.

scholarly journals The inflammatory profile of cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, and saliva from patients with severe neuropathic pain and healthy controls-a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Jönsson ◽  
Björn Gerdle ◽  
Bijar Ghafouri ◽  
Emmanuel Bäckryd
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

Abstract Background Neuropathic pain (NeuP) is a complex, debilitating condition of the somatosensory system, where dysregulation between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are believed to play a pivotal role. As of date, there is no ubiquitously accepted diagnostic test for NeuP and current therapeutic interventions are lacking in efficacy. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of three biofluids - saliva, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), to discriminate an inflammatory profile at a central, systemic, and peripheral level in NeuP patients compared to healthy controls. Methods The concentrations of 71 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in saliva, plasma, and CSF samples from 13 patients with peripheral NeuP and 13 healthy controls were analyzed using a multiplex-immunoassay based on an electrochemiluminescent detection method. The NeuP patients were recruited from a clinical trial of intrathecal bolus injection of ziconotide (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01373983). Multivariate data analysis (principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square regression) was used to identify proteins significant for group discrimination and protein correlation to pain intensity. Proteins with variable influence of projection (VIP) value higher than 1 (combined with the jack-knifed confidence intervals in the coefficients plot not including zero) were considered significant. Results We found 17 cytokines/chemokines that were significantly up- or down-regulated in NeuP patients compared to healthy controls. Of these 17 proteins, 8 were from saliva, 7 from plasma, and 2 from CSF samples. The correlation analysis showed that the most important proteins that correlated to pain intensity were found in plasma (VIP > 1). Conclusions Investigation of the inflammatory profile of NeuP showed that most of the significant proteins for group separation were found in the less invasive biofluids of saliva and plasma. Within the NeuP patient group it was also seen that proteins in plasma had the highest correlation to pain intensity. These preliminary results indicate a potential for further biomarker research in the more easily accessible biofluids of saliva and plasma for chronic peripheral neuropathic pain where a combination of YKL-40 and MIP-1α in saliva might be of special interest for future studies that also include other non-neuropathic pain states.

scholarly journals Microscopic Particles in Two Fractions of Fresh Cerebrospinal Fluid in Twins with Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder and in Healthy Controls

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e45994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Johansson ◽  
Rolf Nybom ◽  
Lennart Wetterberg ◽  
Christina M. Hultman ◽  
Tyrone D. Cannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Healthy Controls

scholarly journals Elevated Neurofilament Light Chain in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Reflect Inflammatory MRI Activity in Neurosarcoidosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Keld-Erik Byg ◽  
Helle H. Nielsen ◽  
Tobias Sejbaek ◽  
Jonna Skov Madsen ◽  
Dorte Aalund Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neurofilament Light Chain ◽  
Neurofilament Light ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Fluid Levels

Background: Damage to axonal cells releases neurofilament light chain (NFL) into the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. The objective of this study was to investigate NFL as a potential biomarker of disease activity in neurosarcoidosis. MRIs were graded according to enhancing lesions at different central nervous system (CNS) sites. Results: In cerebrospinal fluid, levels of NFL were higher in neurosarcoidosis patients (n = 20) median 2304 pg/mL (interquartile range (IQR) 630–19,612) compared to 426 pg/mL (IQR 261-571) in extra-neurologic sarcoidosis patients (n = 20) and 336 pg/mL (IQR 194–402) in healthy controls (n = 11) (p = 0.0002). In plasma, levels of NFL were higher in neurosarcoidosis patients median 28.2 pg/mL (IQR 11.5–49.3) compared to 6.2 pg/mL (IQR 4.3–8.2) in extra-neurologic sarcoidosis patients and 7.1 pg/mL (IQR 6.2–9.0) in healthy controls (p = 0.0001). Levels in both cerebrospinal fluid and plasma were higher in neurosarcoidosis patients with moderate/severe enhancement than patients with mild enhancement on MRI (p = 0.009 and p = 0.005, respectively). To distinguish neurosarcoidosis patients from extra-neurologic patients and healthy controls, a cut-off level of 630 pg/mL in cerebrospinal fluid had 94% specificity and 79% sensitivity, while a cut-off level of 11.4 pg/mL in plasma had 97% specificity and 75% sensitivity. Conclusions: NFL levels in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma are significantly higher in neurosarcoidosis patients compared to extra-neurologic patients and healthy controls, and the levels correlate to the extent of inflammation on MRI.

LINEAR NEVUS SEBACEOUS SYNDROME: REPORT OF TWO CASES AND A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-387
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Lovejoy ◽  
William E. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Neurocutaneous Syndromes ◽  
Nevus Sebaceous ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein ◽  
Syndrome Report

Two cases of linear nevus sebaceous syndrome are described and a review of the eleven cases now reported in the literature is undertaken. The first patient has retardation, seizures, and classic ectodermal lesions while the second patient manifests typical cutaneous lesions and only an elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein as evidence of neurologic disease. The rationale for defining the syndrome as an entity distinct from other neurocutaneous syndromes is discussed and a pleomorphic presentation of the syndrome is suggested.

Study of Guillain-Barre syndrome etiology in Pakistani patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Javaid Asad ◽  
Saima Siddiqi ◽  
Raja Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Muhamamd Baseer Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Objective: To examine clinical features, biochemical markers, demographic features, antecedent infections, frequency and treatment strategies. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan and District Headquarters Hospital (DHQ), Rawalpindi, Pakistan from 2018 to 2020. Ninety consecutive patients of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and 77 healthy controls were enrolled. Patients were diagnosed by clinical presentation, Nerve conduction study (NCS), Electromyography (EMG), Cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF) and biochemical profile. Data was analyzed on IBM SPSS version 23. Results: Symmetrical ascending weakness was the striking clinical feature. Mean age was 40.20±14.90 years and male to female ratio was 2.1:1. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) was found to be the most common electrophysiological variant of GBS (46%). There was considerable difference in Interleukin-17(IL-17) levels between GBS patients 23.12 ± 3.41 pg/ml and healthy controls 8.82 ± 2.49. Mean IL-17 level was markedly increased in GBS patients, P=0.006, P<0.05. Gastrointestinal infection was the most common preceding infection (56.66%). Mean CSF protein was 100.83 g/dl with ± 51.32 standard deviation and albumio cytologic dissociation (ACD) was different in all four variants of GBS, P= 0.005. Conclusion: GBS was presented by all ages. Males were more affected than females. About two third of GBS patients showed an antecedent infection before GBS onset. Increased levels of cytokine (IL-17) showed involvement of autoimmunity. ACD differentiated it from poliomyelitis. Plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy were used to treat patients. Key words: Guillain-Barré Syndrome; cerebrospinal fluid; albuminocytologic dissociation; nerve conduction studies; variants; electromyography Continuous....

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