scholarly journals Music – Bodies – Machines

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Martine Louise Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Sound Recording ◽  
Compositional Process ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Acousmatic Music ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Formal Design

This article provides an overview of the Music – Bodies – Machines: Fritz Kahn and Acousmatic Music project and accompanying suite of music – Der Industriepalast.  The project is inspired by the work of infographics pioneer Fritz Kahn (1888-1968) who developed works such as Der Mensch als Industriepalast. There is a body of work examining Kahn’s work (Sappol, 2017; Von Debschitz, 2017; Doudova, Jacobs, et al.) that has revealed Kahn’s intent of making the human anatomy accessible to the non-specialised reader through visual metaphors; unlike the descriptive anatomical illustrations of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, which show how the human body looks, Kahn’s works visually explain how internal structures work using concepts, metaphors, and allusions. This article explores some of the ways in which Kahn’s striking visual images have inspired the composition of five novel acousmatic works of music.  The article starts with a survey of existing works making use of similar, extra-musical influences to examine how extra-musical influences such as infographics and painting may influence the formal design of acousmatic music.  It goes on to consider how, exactly, the infographics of Fritz Kahn have been used within the project.  In some cases, this guides the choice of particular materials (such as the sound of a beating heart to represent an image of a heart monitor), but in other cases, there is influence on phrasing, placement, and even the formal design of entire pieces. Taken as a whole, the article seeks to explore the following questions; 1) What impact does the context of a particular image have on a composers’ response? 2) How do composers respond to visual stimuli in acousmatic music?  What is their compositional process? 3) How do such parallels between the specific sonic and visual examples offer new interdisciplinary insight to artistic practices and research? 4) How do sound recording techniques inform acousmatic music and generate new creative processes that operate within the sphere of human-machine relations?

scholarly journals A Personal and Fragile Affair: The Sonic Environment and Its Place In My Compositions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thomas Voyce
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Music ◽  
Compositional Process ◽  
Field Recording ◽  
Acousmatic Music ◽  
Sonic Environment ◽  
Musique Concrete

<p>To begin with, I will briefly outline my compositional process. This will help to provide an understanding of my motivations. I will then pose some questions relating to the practice of field recording and the use of these materials in electroacoustic composition. Through a discussion of early electronic music, musique concrete, soundscape composition and the ideologies of composers associated with these movements, I will reveal the tensions surrounding the use of referential material in acousmatic music. Finally, I will show how I have attempted to address these tensions in my own work.</p>

SEMIOTICS OF OPTICAL ILLUSIONS IN COMMUNICATION AND RECREATION PUBLIC SPACES

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Yulia Sergeevna VORONTSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Modern Design ◽  
Optical Illusions ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Optical Effects ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
Contemporary Architecture

The purpose of this article is to examine the optical illusions as visual metaphors in architecture and design of public spaces. Metaphor, in this case, is defined as a key element in the interpretation of meaning and visual images. In the article the semiotic significance of optical illusions in the context of contemporary architecture and design is examined and the correlation between the optical illusions classification by resources and the interpretation of signs and symbols of perception optical effects is revealed. The article gives examples of use of optical illusions in communicative field of public spaces demonstrating the importance of semiotic meaning of optical effects in modern design.

scholarly journals Tiefenbohrungen in den musikwissenschaftlichen Werk- und Autorschaftsbegriff mit digitalen Werkzeugen

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-206
Author(s):  
Karin Martensen
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Sound Recording ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Collaborative Interaction

Abstract The concept of work and authorship have long been the subject of intense reflection in historical musicology. Edition projects deal with composers and their work process and have developed new approaches for this purpose. Against the background of the question of where the ‘text’ to be edited actually ends, this paper discusses the possibilities of making director’s piano score (Regieklavierauszug) digitally visible and thus interpretable (understood as a work ‘sui generis’). Furthermore, the creative process of all participants in the classical sound recording is considered in terms of its digital visibility. On the basis of my research data from the DFG project “The sound recording studio as a discoursive room” at the TU Berlin/Audiokommunikation (participant observation, interviews, transcripts of recording processes, evaluations with MaxQDA) I show that these creative processes in the collaborative interaction of artists and engineers can also be found in classical music. By evaluating these (and other) materials with the help of MEI and TEI, new ways of ‘work’ and ‘authorship’ are also explored in this genre. Ultimately, this should also establish the sound recording as a ‘sui generis’ work.

scholarly journals Mind the body: Materiality and physicality in a composer’s thinking process

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562110349
Author(s):  
Ulla Pohjannoro
Keyword(s):  
Musical Instruments ◽  
The Body ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Compositional Process ◽  
Musical Structures ◽  
Verbal Data ◽  
Thinking Process ◽  
The Mind

This exploratory case study investigated the grounds of the material and physical aspects of compositional thinking, viewing musical composing as organizing the world of sounds. The data tracks one compositional process, including the full body of the manuscripts and verbal data accounting those manuscripts. The results present a composer, who wishes to create music that has performative power, that is, expressivities that have the capacity to move the mind of the listener. The composer is inspired by the materiality of sound and musical instruments, but on the other hand constrained and challenged by the corporal affordances of performers and their instruments as well as by the (im)practicalities and intelligibility of notational practices. Five different aspects of materiality were identified: (1) visual images and representations, (2) the score as the material object of composition, (3) the material and physical affordances of musical instruments, performers that play them, and sounds that are produced by them, (4) physical reactions entailing embodied intuitive knowledge of the composer, and (5) metaphoric processes, where the composer, when shaping timbres and musical structures, “pushes,” even “forces” sounds to “move” and sound in a way that is meaningful and transpires to the listener as music that moves the mind.

Sensible Politics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Callahan
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
Social Ordering ◽  
Visual Artifacts

Visual images are everywhere in international politics. But how are we to understand them? Callahan uses his expertise in theory and filmmaking to explore not only what visuals mean, but also how visuals can viscerally move and connect us in “affective communities of sense.” Sensible Politics explores the visual geopolitics of war, peace, migration, and empire through an analysis of photographs, films, and art. It then expands the critical gaze to consider how “visual artifacts”—maps, veils, walls, gardens, and cyberspace—are sensory spaces in which international politics is performed through encounters on the local, national, and world stages. Here “sensible politics” isn’t just sensory, but looks beyond icons and ideology to the affective politics of everyday life. This approach challenges the Eurocentric understanding of international politics by exploring the meaning and impact of visuals from Asia and the Middle East. Sensible Politics thus decenters our understanding of social theory and international politics by (1) expanding from textual analysis to highlight the visual and the multisensory; (2) expanding from Eurocentric investigations of IR to a more comparative approach that looks to Asia and the Middle East; and (3) shifting from critical IR’s focus on inside/outside and self/Other distinctions. It draws on Callahan’s documentary filmmaking experience to see critique in terms of the creative processes of social-ordering and world-ordering. The goal is to make readers not only think visually, but also feel visually—and to creatively act visually for a multisensory appreciation of politics.

scholarly journals Special issue on studies in Late Modern English historical phonology using the Eighteenth-Century English Phonology Database (ECEP): introduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-474
Author(s):  
JOAN C. BEAL ◽  
RANJAN SEN ◽  
NURIA YÁÑEZ-BOUZA ◽  
CHRISTINE WALLIS
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Historical Linguistic ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Sound Recording ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Historical Phonology ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Late Modern ◽  
Research Institute

Since Charles Jones referred to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries as the ‘Cinderellas of English historical linguistic study’ (1989: 279), there has been a great deal of progress in research on this period, but, as Beal (2012: 22) points out, much of this has been in the fields of syntax, morphology, lexis, pragmatics, sociolinguistics and the normative tradition. Beal argues that the availability of corpora of Late Modern English texts has greatly facilitated research in these areas, but, since creating phonological corpora for periods antedating the invention of sound recording is a challenging proposition, the historical phonology of Late Modern English has benefited much less from the corpus revolution. To redress this imbalance, the editors of this issue, with technical support from the Humanities Research Institute, University of Sheffield, created the Eighteenth-Century English Phonology Database (ECEP), which is freely available at www.dhi.ac.uk/projects/ecep/

scholarly journals A Personal and Fragile Affair: The Sonic Environment and Its Place In My Compositions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thomas Voyce
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Music ◽  
Compositional Process ◽  
Field Recording ◽  
Acousmatic Music ◽  
Sonic Environment ◽  
Musique Concrete

<p>To begin with, I will briefly outline my compositional process. This will help to provide an understanding of my motivations. I will then pose some questions relating to the practice of field recording and the use of these materials in electroacoustic composition. Through a discussion of early electronic music, musique concrete, soundscape composition and the ideologies of composers associated with these movements, I will reveal the tensions surrounding the use of referential material in acousmatic music. Finally, I will show how I have attempted to address these tensions in my own work.</p>

scholarly journals Digital Copies for Anthropological Research: Virtual Models and Databases

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
T.A. Syutkina ◽  
R.M. Galeev
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Virtual Models ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Virtual Anthropology ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

In the last two decades, a large number of anthropological papers have been focused on digital copies of pa-laeoanthropological materials rather than original skeletal remains. According to some foreign scholars, “virtual anthropology” has taken a shape of a separate field of anthropological science. One of the main advantages of “virtual anthropology” is the possibility to develop databases, datasets, digital collections and catalogues accessi-ble to the scientific community worldwide. Digitization of research objects facilitates organizational side of studies, provides access to wider data, expands the toolkit of available research methods, and also provides safety to the original materials. At the same time, the variability of types of virtual models along with the absence of generally accepted protocols complicate verification of morphometric and structures data. The main goal of this review pa-per is to structure the available information on virtual palaeoanthropological databases and the materials they contain. 3D-scanning technologies can be generally divided into surface scanning (including photogrammetry) and tomographic scanning. The first group of technologies provide 3D models of the shape of an object, accurate enough to be used in morphometric studies if resolution of the equipment is adequate for the size of the object and aims of the study. The second group is designed to scan the whole form of an object, which allows the ex-amination of its internal structures or tissues, small surface structures or dental material. Both methods have their strengths and weaknesses: while surface scans are cheaper and easier to obtain, CT scans provide information unavailable from the former technique. Assessment of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of digital copies depends on objectives of the study. The article provides an overview of 17 databases of virtual paleoanthro-pological models, which comprise either surface or CT scans, or both. These materials can be used in various fields of study, including human evolution, primatology, palaeoanthropology, palaeopathology, forensic science, human anatomy, as well as in teaching of these subjects. For each collection, approximate number of objects and terms of use have been specified.

Using images in focus groups with older carers

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Nan Greenwood ◽  
Carole Pound
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Informal Carers ◽  
Sensitive Issues ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe how providing a wide variety of visual images facilitated discussions amongst older informal carers in focus groups. Design/methodology/approach In all, 72 older (aged 70+ years) informal carers took part in nine focus groups discussing their experiences as older carers. Participants were provided with a wide selection of different, freely available printed images which included abstract and humorous images and countryside scenes. Findings These older carers appeared to enjoy using these pictures to facilitate introducing themselves and to describe their diverse caring experiences. Sharing often challenging experiences using the images and visual metaphors appeared to support the group to discuss difficult, sensitive issues in often light-hearted ways. Research limitations/implications This approach appeared to enhance data collection with these older participants in an enjoyable way by helping them focus on the topic at hand whilst facilitating them to give succinct descriptions of their experiences. However, further research is needed in order to be confident of the transferability of these findings to other older participant groups discussing different topics. Only informal carers were included and there were no direct comparisons with groups without images. Practical implications Using commonly available visual images in focus groups with older carers appeared to be an effective means of encouraging participant discussions and engagement. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to describe how using visual images facilitated focus group discussions with older informal carers. It therefore adds to the literature.

A Noisy and Noisome Marketplace: The Jewish Tandelmarkt in Prague

AJS Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 105-123
Author(s):  
Michael L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
The Face ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

The Jewish Tandelmarkt in Prague's Old Town was a nonresidential Jewish exclave, situated outside of Prague's Jewish Town. This thriving marketplace afforded Jewish merchants and peddlers an opportunity to ply their wares in the Old Town, but it also left them unprotected in the face of physical and verbal attacks. This article examines memoirs, travelogues, guidebooks, newspapers, novels, and visual images to understand how the Tandelmarkt (junk market) functioned in various discourses about Prague Jewry, especially in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Jews were vulnerable and exposed in the Tandelmarkt, but the centrality and visibility of this marketplace also allowed non-Jews to observe their “exotic” Jewish neighbors. A nineteenth-century novelist described the Tandelmarkt as a “theater” where passersby could “lose themselves” for half an hour in its disarray and commotion. At times it was a theater of violence, where Jews fell victim to attack. It was also a theater of emancipation, where Jews could show their Christian neighbors that they were capable of self-improvement and change.

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