scholarly journals HEAVY METALS IN THE SOIL OF POTENTIAL TOBACCO PRODUCTION LOCATIONS IN VRANJE VALLEY

2020 ◽  
pp. 049
Author(s):  
Tatjana Golubović ◽  
Milica Arsić ◽  
Srđan Arsić
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Tobacco Production

Before the change of the ownership of the Vranje Tobacco Industry, there had been a large scale tobacco production in the valley of Vranje. The number of tobacco growing households has declined significantly over the last 15 years, despite the good potential of agricultural land for growing this crop. Given the fact that the quality of tobacco depends on the conditions under which it is grown, above all on the soil quality, it is very important to be familiar with the soil composition and the presence of potential pollutants in soil, as well as the mechanisms of their transmission to the plant. Pollutants in agricultural land originate from natural and anthropogenic sources. Significant anthropogenic sources of soil pollutants are agricultural production (organic fertilizers, pesticides, etc.) and road transport. When it comes to tobacco quality, one of the most important groups of pollutants is heavy metals. Mineral and organic fertilizers, as well as pesticides often contain heavy metals. Considering the above facts, the aim of this paper was to determine and analyze the concentration of heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Zn and Ni in the soil of the villages Neradovac, Ćukovac and Surdul, which are considered as potential sites for tobacco production. The surveys covered two periods, 2005 and 2018 (the analysis of soil) and 2005 (the analysis of tobacco). A comparative analysis of the results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals at the examined locations in soil and tobacco sampled in 2005, as well as the concentrations of heavy metals in soil sampled in 2018, were below the maximum allowable and remediation values. Because the remediation values of pollutants and hazardous substances in the soil are the values, which, if exceeded degrade the level of safety, it can be concluded that these values were not exceeded in either of the analyzed samples and that the soils were potentially safe to use with the additional tests and the necessary limitations in operating mode. Also, the chemical composition of the soil in these areas indicated that the values of the tested parameters were within the optimal values for the growth and development of plants without a negative impact, which again confirms the assumption that these localities are suitable for tobacco production.

scholarly journals Scope and future perspectives of phytoremediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Sridevi Tallapragada ◽  
Rajesh Lather ◽  
Vandana ◽  
Gurnam Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Runoff Water

Phytoremediation is the plant-based technology that has emerged as a novel cost effective and ecofriendly technology in which green plants are used for extraction, sequestration and/or detoxification of the pollutants. Plants possess the natural ability to degrade heavy metals and this property of plants to detoxify contaminants can be used by genetic engineering approach. Currently, the quality of soil and water has degraded considerably due heavy metal accumulation through discharge of industrial, agricultural and domestic waste. Heavy metal pollution is a global concern and a major health threat worldwide. They are toxic, and can damage living organisms even at low concentrations and tend to accumulate in the food chain. The most common heavy metal contaminants are: As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn. High levels of metals in soil can be phytotoxic, leading to poor plant growth and soil cover due to metal toxicity and can lead to metal mobilization in runoff water and thus have a negative impact on the whole ecosystem. Phytoremediation is a green strategy that uses hyperaccumulator plants and their rhizospheric micro-organisms to stabilize, transfer or degrade pollutants in soil, water and environment. Mechanisms used to remediate contaminated soil includes phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytotransformation, phytostimulation, phytovolatilization and rhizofiltration. Traditional phytoremediation method presents some limitations regarding their applications at large scale, so the application of genetic engineering approaches such as transgenic transformation, nanoparticles addition and phytoremediation assisted with phytohormones, plant growth-promoting bacteria and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation has been applied to ameliorate the efficacy of plants for heavy metals decontamination. In this review, some recent innovative technologies for improving phytoremediation and heavy metals toxicity and their depollution procedures are highlighted.

scholarly journals Pemberdayaan Petani dalam Mengurangi Residu Melalui Pertanian Ramah Lingkungan di BPP Tambun Utara, Kabupaten Bekasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Henita Fajar Oktavia
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Chemical Residues ◽  
Negative Impacts

Conventional agriculture used chemical fertilizers and pesticides for long-term had negative impacts on the environment, due to chemical residues that pollute the environment. In addition it has a bad impact on the harvest, because they contain chemical residues that may affect health of consumers. Recently, there has been a global issue in agricultural sector of back to nature, such as the use of biological materials as components of fertilizers and pesticides, as known as an environmentally friendly agriculture. Farmers in the area of ​​Badan Penyuluhan Pertanian (BPP) at North Tambun, Bekasi Regency, have land that is suitable for farming food crops, palawija and horticulture. The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production is still quite high until now, and doesn't used exact dose, method, type and frequency. To reduce the negative impact of residues using agricultural chemicals on the environment and yields, by replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers, chemical pesticides with bio-pesticides. Farmer empowerment aims to increase knowledge, learning and skills regarding the selection of the composition of basic ingredients for making organic fertilizers and biopesticides, manufacturing training and assistance in how to apply directly to agricultural land. The outputs of PkM (Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) activities are increasing farmers understanding of environmentally friendly agriculture, increasing farmers knowledge in using organic fertilizers and biopesticides made by participants, and increasing interest and motivation from farmers to develop alternative organic fertilizers and bio-pesticides that are in accordance with the availability materials around and cropping patterns. It was proven that after counseling there was an increase in the knowledge aspect by 27.1%, the attitude aspect by 19.54% and the behavioral aspect by 8.9%.

scholarly journals The Prospects of Utilizing the Modified Sorption Material to Intensify Purification of Waste Water from Electroplating Production

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Olga G. Dubrovskaya ◽  
Vladimir A. Kulagin ◽  
Anatoly I. Matyushenko ◽  
Anastasiya G. Bobrik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Service Water ◽  
Degree Of Extraction

One of the sources of environmental pollution with hazardous substances, primarily heavy metals, is the electroplating industry. The prevention of pollution of water bodies with wastewater containing heavy metal ions is closely related to reducing the consumption of fresh water for the technological needs of production and to reducing the amount of effluent. One of the solutions to this problem is to create low-waste and waste-free environmentally safe technological processes of wastewater treatment using treated effluents in the recirculation system, which reduces the negative impact on the environment. The results of studying the sorption properties of the natural modified mineral Akdolit-Gran prove a high efficiency of this sorption filling when conditioning electroplating shop effluents contaminated with a complex of heavy metals. Taking into account a relatively low cost of this natural mineral, Akdolit-Gran has the advantages in terms of its economic feasibility, plus the high degree of extraction of metals using this sorbent together with its low consumption allows designing recirculation systems for industrial enterprises meeting the requirements for physical and chemical parameters of service water

scholarly journals SORPTION OF HEAVY METALS FROM POLLUTED WATER AND THEIR MIGRATION IN THE SYSTEM SOIL‐TREE

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatas Butkus ◽  
Edita Baltrenaite ◽  
Dainius Paliulis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Birch Wood ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Outer Atmosphere

Large amounts of various contaminants are transported via natural processes from technogenic pollution sources to air, water, soil and natural ecosystems. Heavy metals (HM) are very hazardous substances having long‐lasting impact on ecosystems. They have complex negative impact on human health, animals, flora and fauna at watercourses and microflora of wastewater. Often concentration of HM exceeds maximal available concentration in wastewater. HM enter forests in their wet and dry forms from local or outer atmosphere sources; they are also brought from seas alongside with biogens and sea salt or washed from putrid or putrescent plants that concentrate in the soil or they are brought by wind or water together with mineral particles. Monitoring of forests determined that contaminants, i e HM inhibit energetic status of a tree and cause increase of tree sensitivity to diseases. In this paper the most commonly met HM, such as Ni, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu and Co, are analysed. Pollution with HM can be reduced, if HM are accumulated by plants or absorbed by porous substances. Natural or synthetic sorbents due to their high sorption capacity, selectivity, the properties of cation exchangeability, a low price and affordability are used to remove HM from wastewater. We investigated activated carbon (AC) CKT and activated carbon (AC) UPA. The results of the investigation show that AC UPA cannot sorb HM and another sorbent ‐ AC CKT ‐ cannot sorb HM too. The transfer factor of HM from the soil to pine and birch trees was calculated, and the concentration of HM was determined in pine and birch wood, soil and polluted water. Samples of wood were burned, samples of soil were dried, and those of polluted water were analysed without special preparation. HM from wood and soil were extracted using a nitric acid solution. Samples of soil, wood and water were analysed with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Buck Scientific 210VGP. It is determined that Ni and Mn are most effectively transferred from soil to both pine and birch wood, while Cu is less effective in accumulation in pine wood and Co ‐ in birch wood.

scholarly journals Assessment of the sorption potential of the plant l. Sativum l. in the process of formation of the biogeochemical barrier

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 04020
Author(s):  
Sergei Kornilkov ◽  
Natalia Antoninova ◽  
Artem Sobenin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Sorption Potential

For many years of industrial development of the Ural region, the mining industry remains one of the main components of the economy, the development of which is accompanied by large-scale environmental pollution and the accumulation of a significant amount of man-made waste with a high potential for negative impact. The article presents the results of experimental studies on the accumulation of heavy metals by L. sativum L. plants, in order to develop the principles of the formation of artificial biogeochemical barriers. As part of the research on the territory of the enterprise leading the development of the copper pyrite deposit, samples of dump waters were taken, which, in turn, were subjected to chemical analysis and a test to assess their phytotoxic (in the absence of a substrate) potential for seed germination and root growth in a model of L. sativum L. The samples were diluted in distilled water to obtain 8 different concentrations (1:80, 1:60, 1:40, 1:20, 1:10, 1: 5, 1: 2, 1: 1), and the effect of waste water without dilution with water, and distilled water was used as a control. In addition, the total amount of metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Co and Zn) was determined. The data obtained demonstrated the phytotoxicity of the dump waters, a decrease in root growth in solutions with concentrations of 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 5, 1:10 and 1:20 was noted, it was shown that these biological objects have accumulating properties with respect to a number of heavy metals.

REDUCTION OF THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF WASTEWATER SLUDGE ON THE SOIL BY ELECTROOSMOTIC DEHYDRATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
A. O. KHOLUDENOVA ◽  
◽  
YU. EFREMOVA
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Variable Voltage ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Made In

The aim of the study is to reduce the negative impact of sewage sludge from the production of cardboard and paper products on the soil by dewatering them with a dehydrator and preparing them for further disposal. Large-scale wastewater sludge from industrial enterprises during utilization is placed at disposal landfills which inevitably leads to a negative impact on the soil cover, littering of territories and withdrawal of the land fund from the economic turnover. In the course of the performed study, the well-known methods of dehydration of moisture-containing material were investigated and there was considered a technical solution to reduce the volume of formation of this type of waste using the example of cardboard and paper production. An electroosmotic installation is proposed, comprising an electrical insulation housing with electrodes: an anode made in the form of a current conductive cover and a cathode made in the form of a conductive perforated bottom of the housing which have a space between them for dehydrated waste. To study the process of sludge dewatering, a series of experiments was carried out on the dehydrator unit with variable voltage parameters between the electrodes. The results of the experimental study were the basis for statistical expressions of the mutual voltage influence between the electrodes, the duration of waste processing, the amount of removed moisture. A model has been obtained that describes the amount of moisture removed during waste treatment. The most productive operating mode of the installation, the time for treatment of waste portion have been established. It has been proven that with the help of an electroosmotic device, up to 70% of moisture is effectively removed from the volume of waste sludge. This makes it possible to significantly decrease their volumes, reduce areas for possible or temporary placement and reduce the ecological load on the environment.

scholarly journals THE REMEDIATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND CONTAMINATED BY HEAVY METALS

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Dorijan Radočaj ◽  
◽  
Natalija Velić ◽  
Mladen Jurišić ◽  
Enrih Merdić
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Biological Remediation ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
The Republic

The presence of heavy metals in an agricultural land is the primary cause of food product toxicity of a herbal and animal origin associated with a contaminated agricultural land. The anthropogenic sources of pollution, especially the fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture, are the primary sources of agricultural land contamination with heavy metals. The heavy metals whose monitoring is prescribed by the current legislation of the Republic of Croatia include cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). The aim of this paper is to provide a review of heavy metals that cause contamination of an agricultural land, as well as a review of remediation technologies applied to reduce contamination. Furthermore, the paper considers three groups of remediation technologies, i.e., the biological, chemical, and physical ones, analyzing the applicability, efficiency, cost-effectiveness and accessibility in Croatia to encourage their wider implementation. The biological remediation technologies, also known as phytoremediation, met the set criteria the most, which currently renders them most applicable to the mildly‐ and moderately‐contaminated agricultural land. The chemical and physical remediation technologies are generally more suitable for the remediation of a severely contaminated agricultural land, applied individually or in combination with the phytoremediation methods due to the high cost.

scholarly journals Soil contamination with heavy metals in the sh. Rashidovsky district of Jizzakh region and methods of their decrease from the soil composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Dildora Sh. Berdieva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
City Center ◽  
Review Section ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The City

Sh. Rashidovsky district is one of the territories where the quality of agricultural land has decreased, the main land of the district is located near the city center, industrial enterprises pollute the soil with various pollutants, the natural balance is disturbed and the ecological environment is polluted. During the survey of soil pollution with heavy metals, the concentration of heavy metals in the soil in the layers (0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, 60-70 cm) of agricultural land was analyzed. Analysis of soil contamination with heavy metals in the territory shows that a slight increase in the MCL for soils was observed for cuprum, zinc, chromium, nickel, cobalt and arsenic. The increase occurred mainly in the upper layer of 0-30 centimeters. The concentrations of all other heavy metals do not exceed the MCL, which confirms the conclusions drawn in the review section of the study on the low informative value of heavy metals in environmental monitoring. To reduce the negative impact of heavy metals on the light gray lands of the Sh. Rashidov region, it is necessary to apply mineral fertilizers, grow crops that are resistant to pollution.

Partnerships Generate Co-Benefits in Agricultural Stream Restoration (Canterbury, New Zealand)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Febria ◽  
Maggie Bayfield ◽  
Kathryn E. Collins ◽  
Hayley S. Devlin ◽  
Brandon C. Goeller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Riparian Management ◽  
Scale Change ◽  
Large Scale Change

In Aotearoa New Zealand, agricultural land-use intensification and decline in freshwater ecosystem integrity pose complex challenges for science and society. Despite riparian management programmes across the country, there is frustration over a lack in widespread uptake, upfront financial costs, possible loss in income, obstructive legislation and delays in ecological recovery. Thus, social, economic and institutional barriers exist when implementing and assessing agricultural freshwater restoration. Partnerships are essential to overcome such barriers by identifying and promoting co-benefits that result in amplifying individual efforts among stakeholder groups into coordinated, large-scale change. Here, we describe how initial progress by a sole farming family at the Silverstream in the Canterbury region, South Island, New Zealand, was used as a catalyst for change by the Canterbury Waterway Rehabilitation Experiment, a university-led restoration research project. Partners included farmers, researchers, government, industry, treaty partners (Indigenous rights-holders) and practitioners. Local capacity and capability was strengthened with practitioner groups, schools and the wider community. With partnerships in place, co-benefits included lowered costs involved with large-scale actions (e.g., earth moving), reduced pressure on individual farmers to undertake large-scale change (e.g., increased participation and engagement), while also legitimising the social contracts for farmers, scientists, government and industry to engage in farming and freshwater management. We describe contributions and benefits generated from the project and describe iterative actions that together built trust, leveraged and aligned opportunities. These actions were scaled from a single farm to multiple catchments nationally.

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