scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF VOICE IDENTIFICATION IN THE WITNESS RECOGNITION PROCEDURE

TEME ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1157
Author(s):  
Jadranka R Otašević ◽  
Saša Atanasov
Keyword(s):  
Voice Recognition ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Witness Testimony ◽  
Voice Identification ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Direct Recognition ◽  
The Voice

From a theoretical point of view, this paper considers the evidentiary action of recognizing the voice of the perpetrator by the witness. It is the identification of the voice by a person who is usually an "unprofessional listener". Due to the specificity of the voice as an object of recognition, the involvement of forensics (linguists and phoneticians) in the organization and immediate realization of the voice recognition action seems inevitable. Their activity would be manifested in giving guidance to the authority on how to increase the efficiency of voice identification and the accuracy of witness testimony. The witness gives evidence based on his perceptual (auditory) abilities in a procedure prescribed by the law, in which the credibility of his/her testimony is simultaneously checked and assessed. The Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Serbia establishes the legal framework for taking the voice recognition action, while the content of performing the direct recognition action is determined by the criminal-tactical rules.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF CADET’S ACADEMIC COMPETENCE IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
A.S. Andrianova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Academic Competence ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic

The academic competence of cadets is the basis for the formation of professional and social-personal competence of a specialist. Academic competence is a set of skills to independently obtain, process and apply knowledge in the field of jurisprudence, as well as to study and explain from a theoretical point of view the phenomena associated with the implementation of law enforcement. The specifics of training in higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs predetermines the need for a systematic organization of activities to develop the academic competence of cadets. The article describes the stages of designing the educational process, taking into account the stages of professionalization of cadets in the learning process.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perubahan Pitch dan Formant Terhadap Hasil Identifikasi Kepemilikan Suara Dengan Metode Audio Forensik

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mifta Nur Farid ◽  
Dani Dwi Putra ◽  
Barokatun Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Voice Recognition ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
Sound Recordings ◽  
Voice Identification ◽  
Recorded Sound ◽  
Audio Forensics ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pitch Analysis ◽  
The Voice

Audio forensics is a field of science that analyzes audio such as sound recordings. Voice recordings always have information in the form of frequency characteristics, the identities of these frequencies can be identified. Furthermore, an analysis of changes in pitch and formant will be carried out. This study used pitch analysis and analysis of variance on formants. With the correct procedure for handling recorded sound evidence which is then followed by procedural examination and analysis, it is hoped that the results of the voice recognition examination can scientifically show the ownership of the voice in the recording. Based on the results of the overall analysis of the sound recordings of evidence and comparison after carrying out various stages of analysis, the voice recordings are "not identical" from the same person. The thing that causes the inequality in voice identification is the difference in intonation or tone of the subject's speech when the voice is recorded.

UNDERSTANDING OF MEDICAL COERCIVE MEASURES IN CRIMINAL LAW

2019 ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Rudīte Timofejeva
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Coercive Measures

Medical coercive measures. The topic, which is actual in Latvia, has not been studied widely, because there are enough cases in the daily world where a person is not criminally prosecuted due to mental disorder or mental backwardness, i.e. not punished for committing a criminal offence, but is treated under appropriate conditions. The fundamental principles of psychiatric assistance in the application of coercive measures of a medical nature are legality, humanity, respect for the rights of man and citizen. Describe and investigate the nature, purpose, legal framework and existing forms of application of coercive measures of a medical nature in the sense of criminal law from a theoretical point of view.

scholarly journals Is an Atheist Religion in Austria Legally Possible?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-123
Author(s):  
Wilfried Apfalter
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Concrete Case ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Religion And State

Abstract In the face of widespread opinion holding that atheism is somehow necessarily separated from religion and opposed to it, the question “Is an atheist religion in Austria legally possible?” is both intriguing and challenging, leading to the cutting edge of contemporary studies on law, religion, and state. By providing a close, focused view on the legal framework concerning an example case in the Republic of Austria, the present article revisits this widespread opinion. It argues that this opinion can be challenged from a legal point of view in at least one concrete case, namely that of a growing group of atheists who try to establish an officially accepted, state-registered religious denominational community of atheists: Atheistische Religionsgesellschaft in Österreich (Atheist Religious Society in Austria), or arg for short. The article discusses this case and concludes that an atheist religion is legally possible in Austria.

scholarly journals European Union view on Personal Data in Intellectual Property Rights

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-106
Author(s):  
Dorin Cimil ◽  
◽  
Olesea Plotnic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Data Market ◽  
The Republic

The issue under investigation concerns whether personal data or personal information from the point of view of intellectual property constitutes as such a commodity or economic potential, which may be subject to alienation and registration as an object protected by the intellectual property system or represent a non-commercial object, without circulation in civil relations, with a special legal regime, connected to the fundamental human rights and freedoms. Recognition of personal data and other categories of information, related to the person (geolocation data, user-generated content) in terms of intellectual property rights as objects of civil rights, would allow the development of the data market, necessary for the functioning of innovative technologies on big data, cognitive calculations, the Internet of goods, and bringing these technologies into a legal and civilized field. The objective of the article is to appreciate whether personal data is subject to any intellectual property rights by the assessment of EU jurisprudence in line with national legal framework of the Republic of Moldova.

scholarly journals LEGAL REGULATION OF CROSS-BORDER BANKRUPTCY OF LEGAL ENTITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1345-1350
Author(s):  
Azamat Ergashev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Private Law ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
International Private Law ◽  
Legal Entities

The last decade has been marked by the rapid development of International private law within the framework of globalization and unification of norms. Therefore, in the international community, the issue of interethnic application and harmonization of rules and norms for individual emerging legal relations becomes acute. This article examines the issue of legal regulation of cross-border bankruptcy of legal entities. In particular, the author provides a number of statistics and analytical data from a number of countries (developed and developing) in order to substantiate the point of view on this issue.Moreover, the author examines foreign law enforcement practice and the legal framework on bankruptcy and insolvency of legal entities. Considering the bankruptcy procedure, the author comes to the conclusion that this issue has not been sufficiently studied both from a theoretical point of view and from a practical one. Within the framework of this study, sufficient arguments are made to accelerate the resolution of conflicts in International private law. As a result, the author gives some conclusions and suggestions applicable both in the Republic of Uzbekistan and in other states.

EKOLOŠKA ULOGA OPOREZIVANjA MOTORNIH VOZILA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Stojanović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Republic

The main objective of fiscal instruments in the service of environmental protection should be directed towards guiding the economic entities to rationally use scarce natural resources, as well as to utilise non-polluting substitutes in the direction of a healthier environment and energy efficiency. It is not difficult to note that the current legal framework in the Republic of Serbia respects basic international standards in the field of motor vehicle taxation. In terms of excise taxation, progress is also noticeable since the necessary differentiation of the tax rates for different excises on petroleum products has been implemented, from the point of view of their impact on the environment. However, observed through the prism of modern theoretical concepts of the socalled green taxation, many opportunities still appear to be inadequately and insufficienty used.

scholarly journals VOICE IDENTIFICATION BASED ON THE I-VECTOR AND DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS USING SHORT UTTERANCES

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (77) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
O. Mamyrbayev, ◽  
◽  
A. Akhmediyarov, ◽  
A. Kydyrbekov, ◽  
N. Mekebayev, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Voice Recognition ◽  
Vector System ◽  
Nonlinear Mapping ◽  
Voice Identification ◽  
Large Spread ◽  
Short Utterances ◽  
User Recognition ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Distinguishing Features

Text-independent voice recognition of the user using short sentences is a very difficult task due to the large spread and inconsistency of the content between short sentences, in order to improve user recognition by voice, it is planned to highlight several sets of distinguishing features that contain more information related to the voice. The results show that the i-vector DNN system is superior to the GMM i-vector system for various durations. However, the characteristics of both systems deteriorate significantly as the duration of the sentences decreases. To solve this problem, we propose two new nonlinear mapping methods that train DNN models to map i-vectors extracted from short sentences to their corresponding i-vectors of long sentences.

scholarly journals When to Act Is to Say: Appointment as Conflictogenic Discourse in the Cameroonian Administration

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Celestin Messanga Obama
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Participatory Observation

Promotion to high office in the Cameroonian administration, appear to be one of the main topic of political communication in Cameroun. The communitarian claims of appointment put both individuals and communities in competitive situations and are often the source of social conflicts. The problem is to understand the focus of political communication on appointment in the Administration in Cameroon and the possible link that it could have with conflictuality in the country. From a theoretical point of view, each act of appointment can be understood as a message from the President of the Republic whose power of appointment is unlimited. The president’s acts of appointment; on the one hand; and the demands from communities, on the other, appear to be a kind of communication. Data analysis will be guided by the theory of "the actor and the system". From a methodological point of view, we used documentary observation in the national and international press. We also had an in-depth interview with a former minister who, however, requested anonymity. Finally, our 26-year service as an employee gives us the advantage of experience gained through participatory observation. It appeared that appointment, through the numerous and consistent advantages that it confers on the promoted, thus appears to the citizens, as the main means of access to the fortune from which the covetousness of both the individuals and their communities of origin arises. Unfortunately, the state is unable to meet all expectations. However, individual, as well as community, strategies of access to appointments expose the nation to more division than cohesion.

scholarly journals The Mechanism Of The Functions Of Labor Market

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Hudayberdiev
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Common View ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cis Countries

 From theoretical point of view there are different approaches on determining the object that causes of buying -selling interactions in labor market. There are discussions since the middle of the last century. If the economists of CIS countries had the common view about it before the market economy, it became intricate under the influence of western economists.     From practical point of view, among the whole population of Uzbekistan the tendency of the growth of the population of working age and the shrink of dependency is observed, which requires to increase the number of employed among economic active population. It is important to mention that, during the financial- economic recession, the republic adopted anti-crisis program for 2009-2012, which mainly directed to the most important problems such as creating new labor places and improving the living standards of the population.

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