scholarly journals Dentine matrix metalloproteinases as potential mediators of dentine regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 392-400
Author(s):  
E Guirado ◽  
◽  
A George
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Critical Components

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated not only in the regulation of developmental processes but also in the release of biologically active molecules and in the modulation of repair during tertiary dentine formation. Although efforts to preserve dentine have focused on inhibiting the activity of these proteases, their function is much more complex and necessary for dentine repair than expected. The present review explores the role of MMPs as bioactive components of the dentine matrix involved in dentine formation, repair and regeneration. Special consideration is given to the mechanical properties of dentine, including those of reactionary and reparative dentine, and the known roles of MMPs in their formation. MMPs are critical components of the dentine matrix and should be considered as important candidates in dentine regeneration.

scholarly journals The Role of Glycosaminoglycans in Protection from Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Burge ◽  
Erynn Bergner ◽  
Aarthi Gunasekaran ◽  
Jeffrey Eckert ◽  
Hala Chaaban
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Unique Composition

Necrotizing enterocolitis, a potentially fatal intestinal inflammatory disorder affecting primarily premature infants, is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. While the etiology of the disease is, as yet, unknown, a number of risk factors for the development of necrotizing enterocolitis have been identified. One such risk factor, formula feeding, has been shown to contribute to both increased incidence and severity of the disease. The protective influences afforded by breastfeeding are likely attributable to the unique composition of human milk, an extremely potent, biologically active fluid. This review brings together knowledge on the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis and current thinking on the instrumental role of one of the more prominent classes of bioactive components in human breast milk, glycosaminoglycans.

scholarly journals Endothelial Glycocalyx as a Regulator of Fibrotic Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2996
Author(s):  
Valentina Masola ◽  
Gianluigi Zaza ◽  
Arduino Arduini ◽  
Maurizio Onisto ◽  
Giovanni Gambaro
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Gel Layer

The endothelial glycocalyx, the gel layer covering the endothelium, is composed of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and adsorbed plasma proteins. This structure modulates vessels’ mechanotransduction, vascular permeability, and leukocyte adhesion. Thus, it regulates several physiological and pathological events. In the present review, we described the mechanisms that disturb glycocalyx stability such as reactive oxygen species, matrix metalloproteinases, and heparanase. We then focused our attention on the role of glycocalyx degradation in the induction of profibrotic events and on the possible pharmacological strategies to preserve this delicate structure.

scholarly journals A novel approach to the differential prognosis of early and late preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Strizhakov ◽  
Е. V. Timokhina ◽  
S. M. Ibragimova ◽  
V. S. Belousova ◽  
Ya. O. Martirosyan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Future ◽  
Insufficient Number

In the present review, a new approach to studying the pathogenesis and predicting the development of preeclampsia (PE) – namely, the determination of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) – is discussed. Currently, the major cause of PE is thought to be an incomplete remodeling of spiral arteries because of an insufficient number of invading cytotrophoblasts or the absence/inactivation of crucial lysing enzymes, i.e. matrix metalloproteinases. The role of MMP-1, MМP-2, MМP-3, MМP-7, MМP-9 in the placenta formation, the development of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction is described. We propose that in the future, the MMPs may be used for differentially predicting early and late PE.

The Role of the SLP in Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening and Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Philofsky
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Critical Components

AbstractRecent prevalence estimates for autism have been alarming as a function of the notable increase. Speech-language pathologists play a critical role in screening, assessment and intervention for children with autism. This article reviews signs that may be indicative of autism at different stages of language development, and discusses the importance of several psychometric properties—sensitivity and specificity—in utilizing screening measures for children with autism. Critical components of assessment for children with autism are reviewed. This article concludes with examples of intervention targets for children with ASD at various levels of language development.

Osteoporosis Entwined with Cardiovascular Disease: The Implication of Osteoprotegerin and Example of Statins

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria V. Deligiorgi ◽  
Mihalis I. Panayiotidis ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Dimitrios T. Trafalis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Vascular Cells ◽  
Molecular Fingerprint ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Epidemiological Factors ◽  
Outstanding Issue

: Beyond being epiphenomenon of shared epidemiological factors, the integration of osteoporosis (OP) with cardiovascular disease (CVD)− termed "calcification paradox"− reflects a continuum of aberrant cardiometabolic status. The present review provides background knowledge on "calcification paradox", focusing on the endocrine aspect of vasculature orchestrated by the osteoblastic molecular fingerprint of vascular cells, acquired via imbalance among established modulators of mineralization. Osteoprotegerin (OPG)–the well-established osteoprotective cytokine−has recently been shown to exert a vessel-modifying role. Prompted by this notion, the present review interrogates OPG as the potential missing link between OP and CVD. However, so far, the confirmation of this hypothesis is hindered by the equivocal role of OPG in CVD, being both proatherosclerotic and antiatherosclerotic. Further research is needed to illuminate whether OPG could be biomarker of the "calcification paradox". Moreover, the present review brings into prominence the dual role of statins−cardioprotective and osteoprotective− as potential illustration of the integration of CVD with OP. Considering that the statins-induced modulation of OPG is central to the statins-driven osteoprotective signalling, statins could be suggested as illustration of the role of OPG in the bone/vessels crosstalk, if further studies consolidate the contribution of OPG to the cardioprotective role of statins. Another outstanding issue that merits further evaluation is the inconsistency of the osteoprotective role of statins. Further understanding of the varying bone-modifying role of statins, likely attributed to the unique profile of different classes of statins defined by distinct physicochemical characteristics, may yield tangible benefits for treating simultaneously OP and CVD.

Arylpyrazoles: Heterocyclic Scaffold of Immense Therapeutic Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 1555-1581
Author(s):  
Garima Tripathi ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
Abhijeet Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Pyrazole Derivatives ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Major Class ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Among the major class of heterocycles, the N-heterocycles, such as pyrazoles, are scaffolds of vast medicinal values. Various drugs and other biologically active molecules are known to contain these N-heterocycles as core motifs. Specifically, arylpyrazoles have exhibited a diverse range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, antimicrobial and various others. For instance, arylpyrazoles are present as core moieties in various insecticides, fungicides and drugs such as Celebrex and Trocoxil. The present review will be highlighting the significant therapeutic importance of pyrazole derivatives developed in the last few years.

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